{"id":103738,"date":"2022-04-08T15:36:50","date_gmt":"2022-04-08T13:36:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-openssh-9-0-s-perevodom-scp-na-protokol-sftp"},"modified":"2022-04-08T15:36:50","modified_gmt":"2022-04-08T13:36:50","slug":"reliz-openssh-9-0-s-perevodom-scp-na-protokol-sftp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/blog\/news\/reliz-openssh-9-0-s-perevodom-scp-na-protokol-sftp","title":{"rendered":"Lanzamiento de OpenSSH 9.0 con la conversi\u00f3n de scp al protocolo SFTP","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Se ha lanzado la versi\u00f3n OpenSSH 9.0, una implementaci\u00f3n abierta del cliente y servidor para trabajar con los protocolos SSH 2.0 y SFTP. En esta nueva versi\u00f3n, la utilidad scp se ha cambiado por defecto para utilizar SFTP en lugar del obsoleto protocolo SCP\/RCP.       <\/p>\n<p>En SFTP se emplean m\u00e9todos de manejo de nombres m\u00e1s predecibles y no se utiliza la expansi\u00f3n de patrones glob en los nombres de archivo a trav\u00e9s de la shell en el otro host, lo que genera problemas de seguridad. En particular, al utilizar SCP y RCP, el servidor decide qu\u00e9 archivos y directorios enviar al cliente, mientras que el cliente solo verifica la validez de los nombres de objetos devueltos, lo que en caso de que no haya las debidas comprobaciones por parte del cliente puede permitir <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/server\/dts-shicago\/\"   title=\"servidor\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2910\">servidor<\/a> enviar otros nombres de archivo diferentes a los solicitados.     <\/p>\n<p>El protocolo SFTP carece de los problemas mencionados, pero no soporta la expansi\u00f3n de rutas especiales, como \u00ab~\/\u00bb. Para solucionar esta discrepancia, a partir de OpenSSH 8.7, la implementaci\u00f3n del servidor SFTP admite la extensi\u00f3n del protocolo \u00abexpand-path@openssh.com\u00bb para expandir las rutas ~\/ y ~user\/.     <\/p>\n<p>Al utilizar SFTP, los usuarios tambi\u00e9n pueden encontrar incompatibilidades ocasionadas por la necesidad de dobles escapes de caracteres especiales de expansi\u00f3n de rutas en las solicitudes SCP y RCP, para evitar su interpretaci\u00f3n en el lado remoto. En SFTP no se requiere tal escape y las comillas adicionales pueden causar errores en la transferencia de datos. Sin embargo, los desarrolladores de OpenSSH han decidido no a\u00f1adir la extensi\u00f3n para repetir el comportamiento de scp en este caso, ya que el doble escape se considera una desventaja que no tiene sentido repetir.    <\/p>\n<p>Otros cambios en la nueva versi\u00f3n:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> En ssh y sshd, se ha habilitado por defecto el algoritmo h\u00edbrido de intercambio de claves \u00absntrup761x25519-sha512@openssh.com\u00bb (ECDH\/x25519 + NTRU Prime), resistente a ataques de computadoras cu\u00e1nticas y combinado con ECDH\/x25519 para bloquear potenciales problemas en NTRU Prime que podr\u00edan surgir en el futuro. En la lista de KexAlgorithms, que determina el orden de selecci\u00f3n de m\u00e9todos de intercambio de claves, el algoritmo mencionado se ha colocado en primer lugar y es m\u00e1s prioritario que los algoritmos ECDH y DH.\n<p>Los ordenadores cu\u00e1nticos a\u00fan no han alcanzado un nivel que les permita romper las claves tradicionales, pero la implementaci\u00f3n de una protecci\u00f3n h\u00edbrida proteger\u00e1 a los usuarios de ataques relacionados con la retenci\u00f3n de sesiones SSH interceptadas, con la esperanza de que puedan ser descifradas en el futuro, cuando existan los ordenadores cu\u00e1nticos necesarios.    <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Se ha a\u00f1adido la extensi\u00f3n \u00abcopy-data\u00bb al sftp-server, que permite copiar datos del lado del servidor sin enviar al cliente de forma transitiva, si el archivo fuente y el archivo objetivo est\u00e1n en el mismo. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/server\/dts-newyork\/\"   title=\"servidor\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2706\">servidor<\/a>.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se ha a\u00f1adido el comando \u00abcp\u00bb a la utilidad sftp para que el cliente inicie la copia de archivos en el lado del servidor.    <\/ul>\n<p>Fuente: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56991\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 OpenSSH 9.0, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c SSH 2.0 \u0438 SFTP. \u0412 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 scp \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 SFTP \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 SCP\/RCP. \u0412 SFTP \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 glob-\u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 shell \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-103738","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 OpenSSH 9.0, 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