Se ha identificado una vulnerabilidad cr\u00edtica (CVE-2024-5171) en la biblioteca libaom, desarrollada por el consorcio Open Media (AOMedia), que proporciona una implementaci\u00f3n de referencia del formato de codificaci\u00f3n de video AV1. Esta vulnerabilidad conduce a un desbordamiento de enteros y a la escritura fuera de los l\u00edmites del b\u00fafer al procesar valores demasiado grandes en ciertos par\u00e1metros. Una vulnerabilidad similar (CVE-2024-5197) ha sido detectada en la biblioteca libvpx, que implementa los c\u00f3decs VP8 y VP9. Los problemas se han solucionado en las actualizaciones de libaom 3.9.0 y libvpx 1.14.1. Sin embargo, las distribuciones contin\u00faan teniendo vulnerabilidades sin parchear (Debian, Ubuntu, RHEL, SUSE\/openSUSE, Fedora, Arch, FreeBSD). <\/p>\n
A las vulnerabilidades en libaom se les ha asignado el nivel m\u00e1ximo de gravedad (10 de 10), lo que implica la posibilidad de explotaci\u00f3n al procesar contenido especialmente dise\u00f1ado en aplicaciones que utilizan esta biblioteca. Se ha asignado un nivel de gravedad de 5.9 de 10 a libvpx, lo que corresponde a condiciones limitadas de explotaci\u00f3n. El principal riesgo de las vulnerabilidades en libaom y libvpx se debe a que estas bibliotecas se utilizan en navegadores web, reproductores multimedia y servicios de reencoding de video. <\/p>\n
La vulnerabilidad se manifiesta en libaom al invocar las funciones aom_img_alloc(), aom_img_wrap() o aom_img_alloc_with_border() con valores grandes en los par\u00e1metros d_w, d_h y align, lo que conduce a un desbordamiento de enteros al calcular desplazamientos y tama\u00f1os de b\u00fafer. Un desbordamiento similar ocurre en las funciones vpx_img_alloc() y vpx_img_wrap(). Las funciones indicadas se utilizan en la codificaci\u00f3n de video. <\/p>\n
La vulnerabilidad representa un riesgo significativo debido a la potencial posibilidad de ataque a los navegadores, donde vulnerabilidades similares en el pasado podr\u00edan haberse explotado al abrir en el navegador una p\u00e1gina especialmente dise\u00f1ada que invoca funciones JavaScript para la codificaci\u00f3n de video, o mediante manipulaciones de WebRTC. Seg\u00fan representantes de Google, la vulnerabilidad no afecta al motor Chromium, ya que en las funciones aom_img_alloc(), aom_img_wrap(), vpx_img_alloc() y vpx_img_wrap() solo se transmitieron valores validados de los argumentos d_w y d_h. En Firefox, para la decodificaci\u00f3n de AV1 se utiliza la biblioteca dav1d, pero para la codificaci\u00f3n se aplica libaom. No est\u00e1 claro si Firefox es susceptible al problema, ya que la informaci\u00f3n sobre c\u00f3mo la vulnerabilidad afecta a productos espec\u00edficos a\u00fan no ha sido publicada. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043b\u044c\u044f\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043c Open Media (AOMedia) \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435 libaom, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e AV1, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2024-5171), \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043a \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446 \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445. \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2024-5197) \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435 libvpx \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432 VP8 \u0438 VP9. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-116387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Vulnerabilidad en las implementaciones de 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Fuente: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"