{"id":119157,"date":"2024-08-07T15:43:09","date_gmt":"2024-08-07T13:43:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dostupen-vortex-2-2-otkrytyj-gpgpu-na-baze-arhitektury-risc-v"},"modified":"2024-08-07T15:43:09","modified_gmt":"2024-08-07T13:43:10","slug":"dostupen-vortex-2-2-otkrytyj-gpgpu-na-baze-arhitektury-risc-v","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/blog\/news\/dostupen-vortex-2-2-otkrytyj-gpgpu-na-baze-arhitektury-risc-v","title":{"rendered":"Est\u00e1 disponible Vortex 2.2, GPGPU abierto basado en la arquitectura RISC-V","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Se ha publicado la versi\u00f3n 2.2 del proyecto Vortex, que desarrolla un GPGPU basado en la arquitectura de conjunto de instrucciones RISC-V, dise\u00f1ado para llevar a cabo c\u00e1lculos paralelos utilizando la API OpenCL y el modelo de ejecuci\u00f3n SIMT (Single Instruction, Multiple Threads). El proyecto tambi\u00e9n puede ser utilizado para investigaciones en el campo de la gr\u00e1fica 3D y en el desarrollo de nuevas arquitecturas de GPU. Los esquemas, descripciones de bloques de hardware en Verilog, simuladores, controladores y documentaci\u00f3n del proyecto relevante se distribuyen bajo la licencia Apache 2.0.     <\/p>\n<p>La base de GPGPU se compone de un ISA RISC-V t\u00edpico, ampliado con algunas instrucciones adicionales necesarias para soportar las funciones de la GPU y la gesti\u00f3n de hilos. A esto, los cambios en la arquitectura del conjunto de instrucciones RISC-V se han minimizado y, cuando es posible, se utilizan las instrucciones vectoriales ya existentes. Entre las instrucciones adicionales se encuentran: &#171;tex&#187; para acelerar el procesamiento de texturas, vx_rast para la gesti\u00f3n de la rasterizaci\u00f3n, vx_rop para el procesamiento de fragmentos, profundidad y transparencia, vx_imadd para realizar la operaci\u00f3n &#171;multiplicar y sumar&#187;, vx_wspawn, vx_tmc y vx_bar para activar los frentes de instrucciones y los hilos en ellos (wavefront, conjunto de hilos, ejecutados en paralelo por el SIMD Engine), vx_split y vx_join.     <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Est\u00e1 disponible Vortex 2.2, GPGPU abierto basado en la arquitectura RISC-V \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/e9bf3436f9ea931993a04517f807fb72.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>          <\/p>\n<p>El GPGPU en desarrollo soporta arquitecturas de conjunto de instrucciones RISC-V de 32 y 64 bits, RV32IMF y RV64IMAFD, y puede incluir memoria compartida opcional, cach\u00e9s de los niveles L1, L2 y L3, as\u00ed como un n\u00famero configurable de n\u00facleos, bloques de tareas (warps) y flujos. A su vez, para cada n\u00facleo se prev\u00e9 la posibilidad de habilitar un n\u00famero configurable de ALU, FPU, LSU y SFU. Para la creaci\u00f3n de prototipos se pueden utilizar FPGA Altera Arria 10, Altera Stratix 10, Xilinx Alveo U50, U250, U280 y Xilinx Versal VCK5000. Para simular el funcionamiento del chip se pueden usar Verilator (simulador Verilog), RTLSIM (simulaci\u00f3n RTL) y SimX (simulaci\u00f3n de software).    <\/p>\n<p>Para el desarrollo de aplicaciones, se ofrece un conjunto de herramientas que incluye versiones adaptadas para trabajar con Vortex, como PoCL (compilador y runtime OpenCL), LLVM\/Clang, GCC y Binutils. El proyecto mantiene la especificaci\u00f3n OpenCL 1.2 y, a trav\u00e9s de la traducci\u00f3n a OpenCL, implementa soporte para la representaci\u00f3n intermedia de shaders SPIR-V. Para gr\u00e1ficos en tecnolog\u00edas Vortex, se desarrolla el GPU abierto Skybox, que soporta la API gr\u00e1fica Vulkan. El prototipo de Skybox, creado sobre la base de FPGA Altera Stratix 10 e incluyendo 32 n\u00facleos (512 hilos), logr\u00f3 una tasa de llenado de 3.7 gigap\u00edxeles por segundo (29.4 gigatransacciones por segundo) a una frecuencia de 230 MHz.           <\/p>\n<p>Entre los cambios en la versi\u00f3n Vortex 2.2:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Se a\u00f1adi\u00f3 la API vx_spawn_taskgroups para lanzar n\u00facleos que soportan la ejecuci\u00f3n segmentada de tareas 3D.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se agreg\u00f3 soporte para ZICOND, una extensi\u00f3n de la arquitectura del conjunto de instrucciones RISC-V que permite la ejecuci\u00f3n condicional de operaciones sin bifurcaciones.\n<li class=\"l\"> El compilador OpenCL se ha cambiado para la programaci\u00f3n de la ejecuci\u00f3n a nivel de hilos individuales (thread-level, donde cada hilo ejecuta su tarea independientemente de otros), en lugar de grupos de tareas (warp-level) como era antes.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se a\u00f1adi\u00f3 soporte JIT para compilaci\u00f3n y n\u00facleos de 64 bits en OpenCL.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se implement\u00f3 el soporte para la carga din\u00e1mica de Vortex runtime.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se present\u00f3 nueva documentaci\u00f3n para la configuraci\u00f3n de FPGA Xilinx.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se incluy\u00f3 la prueba de s\u00edntesis de l\u00f3gica utilizando las herramientas Yosys.\n<li class=\"l\"> En operaciones jer\u00e1rquicas de flush y en el modo write-back, se garantiz\u00f3 el soporte para cach\u00e9.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se optimiz\u00f3 la velocidad de verificaci\u00f3n de scoreboard y el manejo de operandos a nivel de transferencia de registros (RTL, Register Transfer Level).\n<li class=\"l\"> Se a\u00f1adi\u00f3 soporte para el simulador de memoria DRAM Ramulator 2.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se realiz\u00f3 la transici\u00f3n al uso de nuevas versiones de Verilator 5.0 (simulador SystemVerilog) y LLVM 18.0, adem\u00e1s de actualizar las herramientas basadas en CentOS 7.9.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se utiliz\u00f3 el servicio GitHub CI en lugar del sistema de integraci\u00f3n continua Travis CI.    <\/ul>\n<p>Fuente: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=61669\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Vortex 2.2, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0439 GPGPU \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 RISC-V, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c API OpenCL \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f SIMT (Single Instruction, Multiple Threads). \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 3D-\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440 GPU. \u0421\u0445\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Verilog, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":119158,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Vortex 2.2, 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