Los desarrolladores de OpenSSH han continuado dividiendo sshd en varios archivos ejecutables separados. En la primera fase de la divisi\u00f3n, implementada en mayo, se extrajeron las funciones relacionadas con el manejo de sesiones a un proceso separado, sshd-session, dejando en sshd \u00fanicamente la funcionalidad necesaria para aceptar una nueva conexi\u00f3n de red y lanzar sshd-session para cada nueva sesi\u00f3n. Ayer se realiz\u00f3 una modificaci\u00f3n en la base de c\u00f3digo de OpenSSH que a\u00f1ade otro proceso: sshd-auth, en el que se traslad\u00f3 el c\u00f3digo responsable de la autenticaci\u00f3n desde sshd-session. <\/p>\n
El proceso sshd-auth se inicia desde sshd-session y permite aislar adicionalmente los datos relacionados con la autenticaci\u00f3n en el espacio de direcciones de un proceso separado, lo que impide el acceso a estos datos en memoria en caso de ataques al c\u00f3digo utilizado para manejar las fases de conexi\u00f3n hasta que se complete la autenticaci\u00f3n. Adem\u00e1s, el cambio reduce ligeramente el consumo de memoria, ya que el c\u00f3digo relacionado con la autenticaci\u00f3n ahora solo est\u00e1 presente en memoria durante el proceso de autenticaci\u00f3n y se descarga una vez que el proceso sshd-auth finaliza. <\/p>\n
De manera similar a sshd, para el proceso sshd-auth se aplic\u00f3 la operaci\u00f3n de reordenaci\u00f3n aleatoria del archivo ejecutable en cada inicio del sistema operativo. Esta reordenaci\u00f3n aleatoria hace que los desplazamientos de las funciones en los archivos ejecutables y bibliotecas sean impredecibles, lo que dificulta la creaci\u00f3n de exploits que utilizan m\u00e9todos de programaci\u00f3n orientada a retorno (ROP - Return-Oriented Programming). Al utilizar la t\u00e9cnica ROP, el atacante no intenta colocar su c\u00f3digo en la memoria, sino que opera con bloques existentes de instrucciones de m\u00e1quina que terminan con una instrucci\u00f3n de retorno (generalmente, esto son los finales de las funciones). El trabajo del exploit se reduce a construir una cadena de llamadas a estos bloques similares ( \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 OpenSSH \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 sshd \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u041d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437 sshd \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 sshd-session \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u0432 sshd \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0451\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 sshd-session \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430. \u0412\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0443 OpenSSH \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-120192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47En OpenSSH, el c\u00f3digo de autenticaci\u00f3n se ha trasladado a un proceso separado llamado sshd-auth | ProHoster","description":"Los desarrolladores de OpenSSH continuaron segregando sshd en varios archivos ejecutables 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Fuente: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"