{"id":35721,"date":"2019-10-31T22:05:57","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/minimalnaya-ustanovka-centos-fedora-redhat\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:05:57","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:57","slug":"minimalnaya-ustanovka-centos-fedora-redhat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/blog\/administrirovanie\/minimalnaya-ustanovka-centos-fedora-redhat","title":{"rendered":"Instalaci\u00f3n m\u00ednima de CentOS\/Fedora\/RedHat","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

No tengo dudas de que los nobles caballeros \u2014 administradores de Linux \u2014 buscan minimizar al m\u00e1ximo el conjunto de paquetes instalados en el servidor. Esto es m\u00e1s econ\u00f3mico, seguro y proporciona al administrador una sensaci\u00f3n de control total y comprensi\u00f3n de los procesos en curso.<\/p>\n

Por lo tanto, el escenario t\u00edpico de una instalaci\u00f3n inicial del sistema operativo consiste en elegir la variante m\u00ednima, y a continuaci\u00f3n, completar con los paquetes necesarios.<\/p>\n

\"Instalaci\u00f3n
\n
\nSin embargo, la opci\u00f3n m\u00ednima que ofrece el instalador de CentOS resulta no ser del todo m\u00ednima. Hay una forma de reducir el tama\u00f1o de la instalaci\u00f3n inicial del sistema de manera documentada.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nAl utilizar el sistema operativo CentOS, tarde o temprano descubres la automatizaci\u00f3n de su instalaci\u00f3n mediante el mecanismo Kickstart. Hace tiempo que no instalo CentOS con el instalador est\u00e1ndar. A lo largo del tiempo, he acumulado un arsenal suficiente de archivos de configuraci\u00f3n de kickstart que permiten desplegar sistemas en modo autom\u00e1tico, incluyendo en LVM, en particiones criptogr\u00e1ficas, con un GUI m\u00ednimo, etc.<\/p>\n

Y as\u00ed, en alguna de las versiones de la s\u00e9ptima edici\u00f3n, RedHat a\u00f1adi\u00f3 una sorprendente opci\u00f3n en Kickstart que permite minimizar a\u00fan m\u00e1s la imagen del sistema que se est\u00e1 instalando:<\/p>\n

\u2014nocore<\/b><\/p>\n

Desactiva la instalaci\u00f3n del Core<\/a><\/noindex> grupo de paquetes que de otro modo siempre se instala por defecto. La desactivaci\u00f3n del Core<\/a><\/noindex> el grupo de paquetes solo debe usarse para crear contenedores livianos; instalar un sistema de escritorio o servidor con \u2014nocore resultar\u00e1 en un sistema inutilizable.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

RedHat advierte honestamente sobre las posibles consecuencias de usar esta opci\u00f3n, sin embargo, a\u00f1os de uso en entornos reales han confirmado su estabilidad y aplicabilidad.<\/p>\n

A continuaci\u00f3n se presenta un ejemplo de un archivo de kickstart para una instalaci\u00f3n m\u00ednima. Los valientes pueden excluir yum de \u00e9l. Est\u00e9n preparados para sorpresas:<\/p>\n

instalar\ntexto\n\nurl --url=\"http:\/\/server\/centos\/7\/os\/x86_64\/\"\n\neula --aceptado\nprimera ejecuci\u00f3n --deshabilitar\n\nteclado --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'\nidioma es_ES.UTF-8\ntimezone \u00c1frica\/Abidj\u00e1n\n\nauth --habilitarshadow --passalgo=sha512\nrootpw --texto plano ***\n\nignorar disco --solo-usar=sda\n\nzerombr\ncargador de arranque --ubicaci\u00f3n=mbr\nborrar parte --todas --etiqueta inicial\n\nparte \/boot\/efi --tipo de sistema de archivos=\"efi\" --tama\u00f1o=100 --opcionesfs=\"umask=0077,shortname=winnt\"\nparte \/ --tipo de sistema de archivos=\"ext4\" --tama\u00f1o=1 --aumentar\n\nred --bootproto=dhcp --hostname=localhost --enarranque=on --activar\n\n#reiniciar\napagar\n\n%packages --nocore --nobase --excludedocs\nyum\n\n%fin\n\ndon com_redhat_kdump --deshabilitar\n\n%fin\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nQuiero se\u00f1alar que CentOS\/RedHat es m\u00e1s indulgente que Fedora en la interpretaci\u00f3n de la opci\u00f3n. Esta \u00faltima puede adelgazar tanto el sistema que ser\u00e1 necesaria una reinstalaci\u00f3n con la adici\u00f3n de utilidades vitales.<\/p>\n
Como bonus, a continuaci\u00f3n presentar\u00e9 el \"conjuro\" para instalar un entorno gr\u00e1fico m\u00ednimo en CentOS\/RedHat (versi\u00f3n 7):<\/p>\n
yum -y groupinstall x11\nyum -y install gnome-classic-session\nsystemctl set-default graphical.target\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nTanto la imagen m\u00ednima del sistema operativo como el entorno gr\u00e1fico m\u00ednimo han sido probados por m\u00ed y funcionan en sistemas reales.
\n
Fuente: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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