{"id":38614,"date":"2019-10-31T22:24:52","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:24:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/gnome-adaptirovan-dlya-upravleniya-cherez-systemd\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:24:52","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:24:52","slug":"gnome-adaptirovan-dlya-upravleniya-cherez-systemd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/blog\/news\/gnome-adaptirovan-dlya-upravleniya-cherez-systemd","title":{"rendered":"GNOME se ha adaptado para su gesti\u00f3n a trav\u00e9s de systemd","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Benjamin Berg (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/benjamin.sipsolutions.net\/\">Benjamin Berg<\/a><\/noindex>), uno de los ingenieros de Red Hat que trabaja en el desarrollo de GNOME, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.gnome.org\/benzea\/2019\/10\/01\/gnome-3-34-is-now-managed-using-systemd\/\">resumi\u00f3<\/a><\/noindex> los resultados del trabajo de traducci\u00f3n de GNOME a la gesti\u00f3n de sesiones exclusivamente con systemd, sin el uso del proceso gnome-session. <\/p>\n<p>Para la gesti\u00f3n de acceso en GNOME se utiliza desde hace tiempo <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.freedesktop.org\/wiki\/Software\/systemd\/logind\/\">systemd-logind<\/a><\/noindex>, que supervisa el estado de las sesiones vinculadas al usuario, gestiona los identificadores de sesi\u00f3n, se encarga de cambiar entre sesiones activas, coordina entornos multiplataforma (Multi-seat), configura pol\u00edticas de acceso a dispositivos, proporciona medios para apagar y suspender, entre otros. <\/p>\n<p>Parte de la funcionalidad relacionada con las sesiones segu\u00eda siendo gestionada por el proceso gnome-session, que se encargaba de manejar a trav\u00e9s de D-Bus, iniciar el gestor de pantalla y los componentes de GNOME, y organizar el autoinicio de las aplicaciones especificadas por el usuario. Durante el desarrollo de GNOME 3.34, las funcionalidades espec\u00edficas de gnome-session se formalizaron en archivos unitarios para systemd, que se ejecutan en modo \u00absystemd \u2014user\u00bb, es decir, vinculados al entorno de un usuario espec\u00edfico y no al del sistema completo. Los cambios ya se han aplicado en la distribuci\u00f3n Fedora 31, cuya lanzamiento est\u00e1 previsto para finales de octubre.<\/p>\n<p>El uso de systemd ha permitido organizar el lanzamiento de controladores bajo demanda o al ocurrir ciertos eventos, as\u00ed como reaccionar de manera m\u00e1s elaborada a cierres de procesos prematuros debido a fallos y manejar extensivamente las dependencias al iniciar componentes de GNOME. Como resultado, se puede reducir el n\u00famero de procesos siempre en ejecuci\u00f3n y disminuir el consumo de memoria. Por ejemplo, XWayland ahora puede iniciarse solo cuando se intenta ejecutar una aplicaci\u00f3n basada en el protocolo X11, y los componentes espec\u00edficos de hardware solo se inician cuando dicho hardware est\u00e1 presente (por ejemplo, los controladores para tarjetas inteligentes se iniciar\u00e1n al insertar la tarjeta y finalizar\u00e1n al retirarla).  <\/p>\n<p>Los usuarios disponen de herramientas m\u00e1s flexibles para gestionar el inicio de servicios. Por ejemplo, para desactivar el manejador de teclas multimedia, basta con ejecutar \u00absystemctl \u2014user stop gsd-media-keys.target\u00bb. En caso de problemas relacionados con cada controlador, se pueden consultar los registros con el comando journalctl (por ejemplo, \u00abjournalctl \u2014user -u gsd-media-keys.service\u00bb), habilitando previamente el registro de depuraci\u00f3n en el servicio (\u00abEnvironment=G_MESSAGES_DEBUG=all\u00bb). Tambi\u00e9n se ha incorporado la posibilidad de ejecutar todos los componentes de GNOME en entornos aislados de sandbox, a los que se les exigen estrictos requisitos de seguridad. <\/p>\n<p>Para suavizar la transici\u00f3n, se mantendr\u00e1 el antiguo m\u00e9todo para el inicio de procesos <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.gnome.org\/Initiatives\/SystemdUser\">est\u00e1 previsto<\/a><\/noindex> mantenerse durante varios ciclos de desarrollo de GNOME. A continuaci\u00f3n, los desarrolladores revisar\u00e1n el estado de gnome-session y probablemente (marcado como \u00ablikely\u00bb) eliminar\u00e1n los medios de inicio de procesos y el mantenimiento de la API de D-Bus. Luego, la implementaci\u00f3n de \u00absystemd \u2014user\u00bb se convertir\u00e1 en una funci\u00f3n obligatoria, lo que podr\u00eda generar dificultades en sistemas sin systemd y requerir\u00e1 la preparaci\u00f3n de una soluci\u00f3n alternativa, como ocurri\u00f3 en su momento con <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=42079\">systemd-logind<\/a><\/noindex>. Sin embargo, durante su presentaci\u00f3n en la conferencia GUADEC 2019, Benjamin Berg mencion\u00f3 la intenci\u00f3n de mantener el soporte para el antiguo m\u00e9todo de inicio en sistemas sin systemd, pero esta informaci\u00f3n contradice los planes actuales para <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.gnome.org\/Initiatives\/SystemdUser\">la p\u00e1gina del proyecto<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n<p><center><div class=\"youtube-placeholder\" data-id=\"pdwi3NWAW7I\" onclick=\"loadVideo(this)\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/pdwi3NWAW7I\/hqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"Reproducir video\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;\">\r\n        <div class=\"play-button\"><\/div>\r\n    <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Fuente: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51601\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0411\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0433 (Benjamin Berg), \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 Red Hat, \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 GNOME, \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443 GNOME \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 systemd, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 gnome-session. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0432 GNOME \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f systemd-logind, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0435 \u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e, \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38614","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0411\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0433 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