{"id":39139,"date":"2019-10-31T22:28:03","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/vypusk-mirageos-3-6-platformy-dlya-zapuska-prilozhenij-poverh-gipervizora\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:28:03","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:03","slug":"vypusk-mirageos-3-6-platformy-dlya-zapuska-prilozhenij-poverh-gipervizora","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/blog\/news\/vypusk-mirageos-3-6-platformy-dlya-zapuska-prilozhenij-poverh-gipervizora","title":{"rendered":"Lanzamiento de MirageOS 3.6, una plataforma para ejecutar aplicaciones sobre un hipervisor","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/mirage.io\/blog\/announcing-mirage-36-release\">Se realiz\u00f3<\/a><\/noindex> lanzamiento del proyecto <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/mirage.io\">MirageOS 3.6<\/a><\/noindex>, que permite formar sistemas operativos de una sola aplicaci\u00f3n, en los que la aplicaci\u00f3n se entrega como un &#171;unikernel&#187; autosuficiente, capaz de ejecutarse sin la necesidad de sistemas operativos, un n\u00facleo de OS separado ni ninguna capa intermedia. Para el desarrollo de aplicaciones se utiliza el lenguaje OCaml. C\u00f3digo del proyecto <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/mirage\/mirage\">se distribuye<\/a><\/noindex> bajo la licencia ISC.<\/p>\n<p>Toda la funcionalidad de bajo nivel, caracter\u00edstica de un sistema operativo, se implementa en forma de una biblioteca que se adjunta a la aplicaci\u00f3n. La aplicaci\u00f3n puede desarrollarse en cualquier sistema operativo, despu\u00e9s de lo cual se compila en un n\u00facleo especializado (concepto <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/queue.acm.org\/detail.cfm?id=2566628\">unikernel<\/a><\/noindex>), que puede ejecutarse directamente sobre hipervisores Xen, KVM, BHyve y VMM (OpenBSD), sobre plataformas m\u00f3viles, en forma de proceso en un entorno compatible con POSIX o en entornos en la nube como Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud y Google Compute Engine. <\/p>\n<p>El entorno generado no contiene nada superfluo e interact\u00faa directamente con el hipervisor sin controladores ni capas de sistema, lo que permite lograr una reducci\u00f3n significativa de la sobrecarga y un aumento en la seguridad. Trabajar con MirageOS se reduce a tres etapas: preparaci\u00f3n de la configuraci\u00f3n definiendo los paquetes <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/opam.ocaml.org\/\">OPAM<\/a><\/noindex>, construcci\u00f3n del entorno y ejecuci\u00f3n del entorno. El runtime para asegurar la operaci\u00f3n sobre Xen se basa en un n\u00facleo recortado <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.xenproject.org\/wiki\/Mini-OS\">Mini-OS<\/a><\/noindex>, mientras que para otros hipervisores y sistemas basados en el n\u00facleo  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/solo5\/solo5\">Solo5<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>A pesar de que las aplicaciones y bibliotecas se forman en un lenguaje de alto nivel como OCaml, los entornos finales muestran un rendimiento bastante bueno y un tama\u00f1o m\u00ednimo (por ejemplo, un servidor DNS ocupa solo 200 Kb). Tambi\u00e9n se simplifica el mantenimiento de los entornos, ya que cuando es necesario actualizar la aplicaci\u00f3n o cambiar la configuraci\u00f3n, se puede crear y ejecutar un nuevo entorno. Se soportan  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/mirage\">decenas de bibliotecas<\/a><\/noindex> en el lenguaje OCaml para realizar operaciones de red (DNS, SSH, OpenFlow, HTTP, XMPP, etc.), trabajar con almacenamiento y asegurar el procesamiento paralelo de datos. <\/p>\n<p>Los principales cambios en la nueva versi\u00f3n est\u00e1n relacionados con la implementaci\u00f3n de soporte para nuevas caracter\u00edsticas ofrecidas por la herramienta <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Solo5\/solo5\/releases\/tag\/v0.6.0\">Solo5 0.6.0<\/a><\/noindex> (entorno aislado para ejecutar unikernel):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Se ha a\u00f1adido la posibilidad de ejecutar unikernel MirageOS en un entorno aislado <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Solo5\/solo5\/blob\/master\/docs\/architecture.md\">spt<\/a><\/noindex> (&#171;proceso de licitaci\u00f3n en sandbox&#187;), proporcionado por el conjunto de herramientas <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Solo5\/solo5\/\">Solo5<\/a><\/noindex>Al utilizar el backend spt, los n\u00facleos de MirageOS se ejecutan en procesos de usuario de Linux, a los que se les aplica un m\u00ednimo aislamiento basado en seccomp-BPF;\n<li class=\"l\"> Se ha implementado el soporte <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Solo5\/solo5\/blob\/master\/docs\/architecture.md#application-manifest\">manifiesto de aplicaciones<\/a><\/noindex> del proyecto Solo5, que permite definir varios adaptadores de red y dispositivos de almacenamiento conectados al unikernel con aislamiento basado en backends hvt, spt y muen (el uso de los backends genode y virtio est\u00e1 actualmente limitado a un dispositivo);\n<li class=\"l\"> Se ha mejorado la protecci\u00f3n de los backends basados en Solo5 (hvt, spt), por ejemplo, se ha proporcionado la construcci\u00f3n en modo SSP (Stack Smashing Protection).\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Fuente: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51710\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 MirageOS 3.6, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 &#171;unikernel&#187;, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c, \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u041e\u0421 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435\u043a. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a OCaml. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 ISC. \u0412\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 MirageOS 3.6, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/es\/blog\/news\/vypusk-mirageos-3-6-platformy-dlya-zapuska-prilozhenij-poverh-gipervizora\" 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