🥇Prometheus: HTTP jälgimine Blackboxi eksportija kaudu

Tere kõigile. Mais käivitub OTUS seire ja metsaraie töötuba, nii infrastruktuuri kui ka rakendusi kasutades Zabbix, Prometheus, Grafana ja ELK. Sellega seoses jagame traditsiooniliselt kasulikku materjali selle teema kohta.

Blackboxi eksportija Prometheuse jaoks võimaldab teil rakendada välisteenuste jälgimist HTTP, HTTPS, DNS, TCP, ICMP kaudu. Selles artiklis näitan teile, kuidas seadistada HTTP/HTTPS-i jälgimist Blackboxi eksportija abil. Käivitame Kubernetesis Blackboxi eksportija.

Ümbruskond

Vajame järgmist:

Kubernetes
Prometheuse operaator

Eksportija blackboxi konfiguratsioon

Blackboxi seadistamine kaudu ConfigMap seadete jaoks http veebiteenuste seiremoodul.

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
data:
  blackbox.yaml: |
    modules:
      http_2xx:
        http:
          no_follow_redirects: false
          preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
          valid_http_versions:
          - HTTP/1.1
          - HTTP/2
          valid_status_codes: []
        prober: http
        timeout: 5s

Moodul http_2xx kasutatakse kontrollimaks, kas veebiteenus tagastab HTTP 2xx olekukoodi. Blackboxi eksportija konfiguratsiooni kirjeldatakse üksikasjalikumalt artiklis dokumentatsioon.

Blackboxi eksportija juurutamine Kubernetese klastris

Kirjelda Deployment и Service kasutuselevõtuks Kubernetesis.

---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 9115
      protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter

---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
    spec:
      restartPolicy: Always
      containers:
        - name: blackbox-exporter
          image: "prom/blackbox-exporter:v0.15.1"
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          securityContext:
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsNonRoot: true
            runAsUser: 1000
          args:
            - "--config.file=/config/blackbox.yaml"
          resources:
            {}
          ports:
            - containerPort: 9115
              name: http
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: http
          readinessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: http
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /config
              name: config
        - name: configmap-reload
          image: "jimmidyson/configmap-reload:v0.2.2"
          imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
          securityContext:
            runAsNonRoot: true
            runAsUser: 65534
          args:
            - --volume-dir=/etc/config
            - --webhook-url=http://localhost:9115/-/reload
          resources:
            {}
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /etc/config
              name: config
              readOnly: true
      volumes:
        - name: config
          configMap:
            name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter

Blackboxi eksportijat saab juurutada järgmise käsu abil. Nimeruum monitoring viitab Prometheuse operaatorile.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f blackbox-exporter.yaml

Veenduge, et kõik teenused töötaksid, kasutades järgmist käsku:

kubectl --namespace=monitoring get all --selector=app=prometheus-blackbox-exporter

Blackboxi kontroll

Blackboxi eksportija veebiliidesele pääsete juurde kasutades port-forward:

kubectl --namespace=monitoring port-forward svc/prometheus-blackbox-exporter 9115:9115

Ühendage Blackboxi eksportija veebiliidesega veebibrauseri kaudu aadressil localhost: 9115.

Kui lähete aadressile http://localhost:9115/probe?module=http_2xx&target=https://www.google.com, näete määratud URL-i kontrollimise tulemust (https://www.google.com).

Mõõdiku väärtus probe_success võrdne 1 tähendab edukat kontrolli. Väärtus 0 näitab viga.

Prometheuse seadistamine

Pärast BlackBoxi eksportija juurutamist konfigureerime Prometheuse sisse prometheus-additional.yaml.

- job_name: 'kube-api-blackbox'
  scrape_interval: 1w
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [http_2xx]
  static_configs:
   - targets:
      - https://www.google.com
      - http://www.example.com
      - https://prometheus.io
  relabel_configs:
   - source_labels: [__address__]
     target_label: __param_target
   - source_labels: [__param_target]
     target_label: instance
   - target_label: __address__
     replacement: prometheus-blackbox-exporter:9115 # The blackbox exporter.

Me genereerime Secretkasutades järgmist käsku.

PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG=$(cat prometheus-additional.yaml | base64)
cat << EOF | kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: additional-scrape-configs
type: Opaque
data:
  prometheus-additional.yaml: $PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG
EOF

Märkige additional-scrape-configs Prometheus Operatori jaoks additionalScrapeConfigs.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheuses k8s
...
spec:
  additionalScrapeConfigs:
    key: prometheus-additional.yaml
    name: additional-scrape-configs

Me läheme Prometheuse veebiliidese ja kontrollime mõõdikuid ja eesmärke.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring port-forward svc/prometheus-k8s 9090:9090

Näeme Blackboxi mõõdikuid ja eesmärke.

Teatiste reeglite lisamine (hoiatus)

Blackboxi eksportijalt teadete saamiseks lisame Prometheus Operatorile reeglid.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheusrules prometheus-k8s-rules
...
  - name: blackbox-exporter
    rules:
    - alert: ProbeFailed
      expr: probe_success == 0
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "Probe failed (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Probe failedn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SlowProbe
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Slow probe (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Blackbox probe took more than 1s to completen  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: HttpStatusCode
      expr: probe_http_status_code <= 199 OR probe_http_status_code >= 400
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "HTTP Status Code (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "HTTP status code is not 200-399n  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SslCertificateWillExpireSoon
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time() < 86400 * 30
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "SSL certificate will expire soon (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "SSL certificate expires in 30 daysn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SslCertificateHasExpired
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time()  <= 0
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "SSL certificate has expired (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "SSL certificate has expired alreadyn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: HttpSlowRequests
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_http_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "HTTP slow requests (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "HTTP request took more than 1sn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SlowPing
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_icmp_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Slow ping (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Blackbox ping took more than 1sn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"

Minge Prometheuse veebiliideses jaotisse Olek => Reeglid ja leidke blackbox-eksportija hoiatusreeglid.

Kubernetes API serveri SSL-i sertifikaadi aegumise teatiste konfigureerimine

Seadistame Kubernetes API serveri SSL-sertifikaadi aegumise jälgimise. See saadab teatisi kord nädalas.

Blackboxi eksportija mooduli lisamine Kubernetes API serveri autentimiseks.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit configmap prometheus-blackbox-exporter
...
      kube-api:
        http:
          method: GET
          no_follow_redirects: false
          preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
          tls_config:
            insecure_skip_verify: false
            ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
          bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
          valid_http_versions:
          - HTTP/1.1
          - HTTP/2
          valid_status_codes: []
        prober: http
        timeout: 5s

Prometheuse kraapimise konfiguratsiooni lisamine

- job_name: 'kube-api-blackbox'
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [kube-api]
  static_configs:
   - targets:
      - https://kubernetes.default.svc/api
  relabel_configs:
   - source_labels: [__address__]
     target_label: __param_target
   - source_labels: [__param_target]
     target_label: instance
   - target_label: __address__
     replacement: prometheus-blackbox-exporter:9115 # The blackbox exporter.

Prometheuse saladuse kasutamine

PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG=$(cat prometheus-additional.yaml | base64)
cat << EOF | kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: additional-scrape-configs
type: Opaque
data:
  prometheus-additional.yaml: $PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG
EOF

Hoiatusreeglite lisamine

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheusrules prometheus-k8s-rules
...
  - name: k8s-api-server-cert-expiry
    rules:
    - alert: K8sAPIServerSSLCertExpiringAfterThreeMonths
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry{job="kube-api-blackbox"} - time() < 86400 * 90 
      for: 1w
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Kubernetes API Server SSL certificate will expire after three months (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Kubernetes API Server SSL certificate expires in 90 daysn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"

Kasulikud lingid

Dockeri jälgimine ja sisselogimine

Allikas: www.habr.com