VererÔhk normis: miks on andmekeskusele vajalik Ôhku toetav kontroll? 

VererÔhk normis: miks on andmekeskusele vajalik Ôhku toetav kontroll? 
In a person, everything must be perfect, and in a modern data center, everything must work like Swiss clockwork. No component of the complex architecture of data center engineering systems should be overlooked by the operations team. These considerations guided us at the Linxdatacenter site in Saint Petersburg as we prepared for Uptime Management & Operations certification in 2018, bringing all data center systems in line with the best global standards.  

Today I will discuss how and why we implemented a remote monitoring system for pressure and air "support" in server rooms. I’d like to remind you that during the preparation for the Uptime Institute audit, one of the tasks we addressed was cleanliness. Our team worked on two fronts: cleaning (previously my colleague talked about how we fought dust in the server rooms) and pressure control in server halls. As the chief engineer of the company, I was specifically assigned to the latter. Ja Any server room has a general ventilation system. It's designed quite simply: one ventilation unit works to supply air inside, while the other extracts it outside. Both motors are controlled by frequency regulators, meaning we can change their rotation frequency, thereby regulating the volumes of supplied/removed air.
 

Millest on jutt

This system has two tasks:
 
To ensure the required air exchange for a comfortable presence of people in the server room (the number of people is determined based on the specifics of the room),

  • To maintain positive air pressure in the server room so that dust particles are not drawn in through open doors and to uphold necessary cleanliness.
  • The supply ventilation unit must deliver more air into the server room than is removed by exhaust. This ensures positive air pressure in the server room relative to adjacent spaces — the so-called "air support." With this system, air enters the server room only through the filters of the supply ventilation, and the inflow of unfiltered air into the server room is excluded.

The supply ventilation unit must deliver more air into the server room than is removed by exhaust. This ensures positive air pressure in the server room relative to adjacent spaces — the so-called "air support." With this system, air enters the server room only through the filters of the supply ventilation, and the inflow of unfiltered air into the server room is excluded.

Kui harva juhtub, et vÀljatÔmbeventilatsioon eemaldab rohkem Ôhku, kui sissevooluventilatsioon sisse toob, hakkab filtreerimata Ôhk liikuma serveriruumi naaberruumidest, mis on sageli pÔhjuseks, miks pindadel ja seadmetel on tolmu.
 

Ei mingit kontrolli 

Tundub lihtne. Kuid hetkest, mil alustasime andmekeskuses koristamise kvaliteedi parandamise töid, ei olnud meil tĂ”husat tööriista rĂ”hu kontrollimiseks. Seadsime sissevoolu sageduse kĂ”rgemaks kui vĂ€ljatĂ”mbe sagedus ja tegime lĂ”puks eelhÀÀlestuse „silma jĂ€rgi“. Uks serveriruumi avaneb raskesti (nagu tĂ”mmatakse sisse) – rĂ”hk on negatiivne. Kui see on vastupidi – uks jÀÀb kinni – tĂ€hendab, et rĂ”hk on vĂ€ga tugev. Otsides mingit tasakaalu nende kahe oleku vahel, peatusime kusagil keskel.

Kuid see lÀhenemine ei ole usaldusvÀÀrne ja me pidasime edaspidi sellesse toetuda vÔimatuks. 

Miks? Töö „silma jĂ€rgi“ ei vĂ”imalda arvesse vĂ”tta Ă”hufiltrite seisundi mĂ”ju sisselaske ventilatsiooni vĂ”imekusele. Kui filter on puhas, nĂ€eme teatud takistuse ja sissevoolava Ă”hu mahu nĂ€itajaid; kui filter on rĂ€pane, siis need nĂ€itajad erinevad oluliselt. Uksede avamise ja sulgemise dĂŒnaamika kaudu neid nĂŒansse jĂ€lgida ei saa. 

Tavaliselt toimub filtri vahetus standardse mehaanilise diferentseeriva manomeetri kaudu, mis vĂ€ljalĂŒlitab ventilatsiooni teatud saastumise tasemel (rĂ”hk enne ja pĂ€rast filtrit ei tohi ĂŒletada teatud nĂ€itajat, mis vastab filtri puhtuse normile). 

Tuleb vÀlja, et filtril on pikk eluiga, kuni see jÀrk-jÀrgult saastub, ja standardne diferentseeriv manometer arvab, et see on töökorras. Kuid ventilatsiooni vÔimsus ja seega rÔhu tugevus muutuvad sÔltuvalt filtri seisundist.

VererÔhk normis: miks on andmekeskusele vajalik Ôhku toetav kontroll? 
Standardsed difmanomeetrid ventilatsioonis. 
 
KokkuvÔttes jÔudsime jÀreldusele, et rÔhu seadistamise ja kontrollimise protsess sellises stsenaariumis on liiga keeruline ja taas ei ole andmekeskusele efektiivne.
 

Lahendus 

KĂŒsimusele „Ja kuidas me peaksime kĂ€ituma?“ otsisime vastust parimatest maailma praktikatest, millele aitas kaasa reisi Stockholmisse kohalike andmekeskuste ekskursioon.

Ühes andmekeskustes Me nĂ€gime vajalikku lahendust – mehaaniline diferentiaalmanomeeter paigaldati serveriruumi sissepÀÀsu ja nĂ€itas rĂ”hkude erinevust "serveriruum/kĂ€ik".

Huvitav on see, et Rootsi kolleegid kasutavad diferentiaalmanomeetreid serveriruumide sissepÀÀsudel ja ventilatsioonifiltrite saastatuse kontrollimiseks: nad vahetavad filtreid rĂ”hu langemise korral, ilma et ootaksid signaali ventilatsioonisĂŒsteemi tavalise diferentiaalmanomeetrilt. Manomeetri nĂ€itajaid jĂ€lgivad visuaalselt patrullid.

VererÔhk normis: miks on andmekeskusele vajalik Ôhku toetav kontroll? 
Tagasi tulles hakkasime otsima sarnast varustust Venemaal. Selgus, et meil kasutatakse selliseid diferentiaalmanomeetreid nn "puhastes ruumides", st operatsioonisaalides, laborites jne. Sellesse seadmesse investeerimise erilise staatuse tÔttu olid hinnad ebareaalselt kÔrged.

Lisaks soovisime mitte analoogse, vaid digitaalset seadet, eelistatavalt 4-20 mA vĂ€ljundiga, et saaksime selle ĂŒhendada andmekeskuse jĂ€lgimissĂŒsteemiga. See oli oluline kĂŒnniste seadmiseks teadeteks ning statistika kogumiseks ja analĂŒĂŒsimiseks. 
 

Kes otsib, see leiab alati.

Meil vedas – peagi pĂ€rast otsingute alustamist suutsime leida vajaliku seadme: digitaalne diferentiaalmanomeeter ekraaniga ja vĂ€ljundiga, et ĂŒhendada BMS-iga, eelarve umbes 10 000 rubla ĂŒksuse kohta.

Paigaldasime, hÀÀlestasime ja imestame ainult ĂŒhte asja – miks me enne ise selleni ei jĂ”udnud ja miks see lahendus pole andmekeskuste projektides standardiks.

See nÀeb vÀlja nii: 

VererÔhk normis: miks on andmekeskusele vajalik Ôhku toetav kontroll? 

VererÔhk normis: miks on andmekeskusele vajalik Ôhku toetav kontroll? 
Elektriline diferentiaalmanomeeter koridoris serveriruumi vĂ€ljaspool, ĂŒhe mÔÔtmiskanali toru on viidud serveriruumi, teine kanal mÔÔdab rĂ”hku koridoris.
 
Nii kuvatakse seade andmekeskuse jĂ€lgimissĂŒsteemis:

VererÔhk normis: miks on andmekeskusele vajalik Ôhku toetav kontroll? 
Nii nĂ€eb vĂ€lja manomeetri nĂ€itude statistika jĂ€lgimissĂŒsteemis:

VererÔhk normis: miks on andmekeskusele vajalik Ôhku toetav kontroll? 
 
GOST R ISO 14644-4-2002 "Puhad ruumid ja sellega seotud kontrollitud keskkonnad", mille vĂ”tsime suunamiseks, ĂŒtleb, et "ukse takistamatuks avamiseks ja soovimatu Ă”hu vastuvoolu vĂ€listamiseks turbulentsi tĂ”ttu peaks puhaste ruumide vĂ”i puhaste alade erineva puhtusklassiga rĂ”huerinevus olema tavaliselt vahemikus 5 kuni 20 Pa."

Just this range is taken by us as the norm in the data center. As soon as there is a deviation, it is immediately registered in the system, as shown in the graph below. 

VererÔhk normis: miks on andmekeskusele vajalik Ôhku toetav kontroll? 
A sharp drop in pressure on the graph signifies an open door to the server room. 

If the sensor readings are below the set point for more than 5 minutes, it means there is something wrong with the filter, an emergency has occurred, in short, something unusual. Specifically, in this graph, the reason is the prolonged opening of the door for bringing equipment into the room.

Mida me saime

Esiteks, a new level of control and transparency in the operation of the data center engineering systems. 

Teiseks, monitoring cleanliness has become even more effective: the system allows for warning about a drop in pressure and proactively changing air filters or addressing other causes of its decrease. 

Kolmandaks, all these processes are controlled by mathematically precise tools. We collect the history of observations over time and have statistics on the actual lifespan of air filters and all emergency situations.

The completed audit of Management & Operations and our recent visit to European data centers showed that we are pioneers in this direction not only in Russia but also in the EU — such solutions are not encountered with every market leader in data centers in Europe.
 
Of course, this system is not critical for the operation of the site's engineering systems. At the same time, it is an extremely useful addition for the operations service and an excellent illustration of our data center's compliance with high standards. In our industry, there are no trifles.

Allikas: habr.com

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