{"id":106131,"date":"2022-12-16T15:36:53","date_gmt":"2022-12-16T13:36:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/nist-vyvodit-algoritm-heshirovaniya-sha-1-iz-svoih-speczifikaczij"},"modified":"2022-12-16T15:36:53","modified_gmt":"2022-12-16T13:36:53","slug":"nist-vyvodit-algoritm-heshirovaniya-sha-1-iz-svoih-speczifikaczij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/nist-vyvodit-algoritm-heshirovaniya-sha-1-iz-svoih-speczifikaczij","title":{"rendered":"NIST on eemaldatud SHA-1 r\u00e4si algoritm oma spetsifikatsioonidest","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Ameerika \u00dchendriikide riiklik standardite ja tehnoloogia institutsioon (NIST) on tunnustanud r\u00e4si algoritmi aegunuks, mis ei vasta turvan\u00f5uetele ja pole soovitatav kasutamiseks. SHA-1 kasutamine kavatsetakse l\u00f5petada 31. detsembriks 2030 ning liikuda t\u00e4ielikult turvalisemate algoritmide, SHA-2 ja SHA-3 suunas. <\/p>\n

31. detsembriks 2030 l\u00f5petatakse SHA-1 kasutamine k\u00f5igis praegustes NIST-i spetsifikatsioonides ja protokollides. SHA-1 spetsifikatsiooni kehtetuks tunnistamine kajastub uues f\u00f6deraalses standardis FIPS 180-5. Lisaks tulevad muudatused seotud spetsifikatsioonides, nagu SP 800-131A, kust eemaldatakse SHA-1 mainimine. Kr\u00fcptograafilised moodulid, mis toetavad SHA-1, ei saa l\u00e4bida j\u00e4rgmist kontrolli NIST-is ja nende tarnimine USA valitsusasutustesse muutub v\u00f5imatuks (sertifikaat antakse vaid viieks aastaks, p\u00e4rast mida on vajalik korduv kontroll). <\/p>\n

SHA-1 loodi 1995. aastal ja see kinnitati f\u00f6deraalse teabe t\u00f6\u00f6tlemise standardina (FIPS 180-1), mis v\u00f5imaldab selle algoritmi kasutamist USA riigiasutustes. 2005. aastal t\u00f5estati teoreetiliselt, et SHA-1-le on v\u00f5imalik r\u00fcnnak. 2017. aastal demonstreeriti SHA-1-le esimest praktilist kollisioonir\u00fcnnakut kindla eelseisva algusega, mis v\u00f5imaldab kahe erineva andmekogumi jaoks leida t\u00e4iendusi, mille \u00fchendamine viib kollisiooni tekkimiseni ja sama tulemuse h\u00e4\u00e4letamiseni (n\u00e4iteks kahe olemasoleva dokumendi jaoks on v\u00f5imalik arvutada kaks t\u00e4iendust, ja kui \u00fcks lisada esimesele dokumendile ja teine teisele \u2014 siis nende failide SHA-1 tulemush\u00e4\u00e4led on samad). <\/p>\n

2019. aastal t\u00e4iustati kokkusattumusete tuvastamise meetodit oluliselt ja r\u00fcnnakute l\u00e4biviimise kulud v\u00e4hendati k\u00fcmnetesse tuhandetesse dollaritesse. Aastal 2020 demonstreeriti toimivat r\u00fcnnakut vale digitaalsete allkirjade PGP ja GnuPG loomiseks. Alates 2011. aastast ei ole SHA-1 soovitatav digitaalsetes allkirjades ja 2017. aastal l\u00f5petasid k\u00f5ik peamised veebibrauserid SHA-1 hash-algoritmiga allkirjastatud sertifikaatide toetamise. Sellegipoolest j\u00e4tkab SHA-1 ka kontrollsummade jaoks kasutamist ning NIST-is on \u00fcle 2200 sertifitseeritud kr\u00fcptograafia mooduli ja teeki, mis toetavad SHA-1.
\n
Allikas: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-106131","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47NIST k\u00f5rvaldab SHA-1 rippme algoritmi oma spetsifikatsioonidest | ProHoster","description":"USA Riiklik Standardite ja Tehnoloogia Instituut (NIST) on tunnustanud, et r\u00e4simisel p\u00f5hinev algoritm on aegunud, ei vasta turvan\u00f5uetele ja ei ole soovitatav 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