{"id":106131,"date":"2022-12-16T15:36:53","date_gmt":"2022-12-16T13:36:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/nist-vyvodit-algoritm-heshirovaniya-sha-1-iz-svoih-speczifikaczij"},"modified":"2022-12-16T15:36:53","modified_gmt":"2022-12-16T13:36:53","slug":"nist-vyvodit-algoritm-heshirovaniya-sha-1-iz-svoih-speczifikaczij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/nist-vyvodit-algoritm-heshirovaniya-sha-1-iz-svoih-speczifikaczij","title":{"rendered":"NIST eemaldab SHA-1 r\u00e4si algoritmi oma spetsifikatsioonidest.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Ameerika \u00dchendriikide Rahvuslik Standardite ja Tehnoloogia Instituut (NIST) on tunnustanud, et rippmeetod on vananenud, ei vasta turvan\u00f5uetele ja ei ole soovitatav kasutada. SHA-1 rakendamisest plaanitakse loobuda hiljemalt 31. detsembriks 2030 ja t\u00e4ielikult \u00fcleminekut turvalisematele algoritmidele SHA-2 ja SHA-3. <\/p>\n

Hiljemalt 31. detsembriks 2030 l\u00f5petatakse k\u00f5igis NISTi kehtivates spetsifikatsioonides ja protokollides SHA-1 kasutamine. SHA-1 spetsifikatsiooni kehtetuks tunnistamine kajastub uues f\u00f6deraalses standardis FIPS 180-5. Lisaks tehakse muudatusi seotud spetsifikatsioonides, n\u00e4iteks SP 800-131A, kust eemaldatakse SHA-1 mainimine. Kr\u00fcptograafilised moodulid, mis toetavad SHA-1, ei saa NISTis j\u00e4rgmist kontrollimist l\u00e4bida ning nende tarnimine USA riigiasutustele muutub v\u00f5imatuks (sertifikaat antakse viis aastat, mille jooksul on vajalik korduv kontroll). <\/p>\n

SHA-1 loodi 1995. aastal ja see kinnitati f\u00f6deraalse teabe t\u00f6\u00f6tlemise standardina (FIPS 180-1), mis v\u00f5imaldas selle algoritmi kasutamist Ameerika \u00dchendriikide valitsusasutustes. 2005. aastal t\u00f5estati SHA-1 r\u00fcnnaku teoreetiline v\u00f5imalus. 2017. aastal demonstreeriti SHA-1 esimest praktilist kollisioonir\u00fcnnakut, mis kasutas kindlat eelfaili, mis v\u00f5imaldas kahe erineva andmekogumi jaoks leida t\u00e4iendusi, mille lisamine p\u00f5hjustab kollisiooni ja sama tulemush\u00e4\u0161i moodustamise (n\u00e4iteks kahe olemasoleva dokumendi jaoks saab arvutada kaks t\u00e4iendust, ja kui \u00fcks lisada esimesse dokumenti ja teine teise, siis nende failide SHA-1 tulemush\u00e4\u0161id on samad). <\/p>\n

2019. aastal parandati kolisjonide m\u00e4\u00e4ramise meetodit oluliselt ja r\u00fcnde l\u00e4biviimise kulud langesid mitmesse k\u00fcmnesse tuhandesse dollarisse. 2020. aastal demonstreeriti toimivat r\u00fcnnakut, mille eesm\u00e4rgiks oli vale PGP ja GnuPG digitaalsete allkirjade loomine. Alates 2011. aastast ei soovitata SHA-1 digitaalsetes allkirjades kasutada ning 2017. aastal l\u00f5petasid k\u00f5ik peamised veebibrauserid SHA-1 hash-algoritmiga kinnitatud sertifikaatide toetamise. Sellegipoolest j\u00e4tkab SHA-1 kasutamist kontrollsummade jaoks, ja NIST-is on rohkem kui 2200 sertifitseeritud kr\u00fcptograafilist moodulit ja raamatukogu, mis toetavad SHA-1.
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Allikas: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-106131","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47NIST eemaldab hash-algoritmi SHA-1 oma spetsifikatsioonidest | ProHoster","description":"USA riiklik standardite ja tehnoloogia instituut (NIST) tunnustas hash-algoritmi vananenuks, mis ei vasta turvan\u00f5uetele ega ole soovitatav 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