{"id":114452,"date":"2024-03-20T12:25:49","date_gmt":"2024-03-20T10:25:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ataka-na-nekotorye-protokoly-na-osnove-udp-privodyashhaya-k-zacziklivaniyu-obmena-paketami"},"modified":"2024-03-20T12:25:49","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T10:25:49","slug":"ataka-na-nekotorye-protokoly-na-osnove-udp-privodyashhaya-k-zacziklivaniyu-obmena-paketami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ataka-na-nekotorye-protokoly-na-osnove-udp-privodyashhaya-k-zacziklivaniyu-obmena-paketami","title":{"rendered":"R\u00fcnnakud m\u00f5ningate UDP-protokollide vastu, mis p\u00f5hjustasid pakettide vahetamise l\u00f5ksu.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

CERT koordineerimiskeskus (arvutite h\u00e4daolukordade reageerimismeeskond) avaldas hoiatuse mitmete haavatavuste kohta erinevate rakenduse protokollide teostustes, mis kasutavad edastusprotokollina UDP-d. Need haavatavused v\u00f5ivad olla kasutatud teenuste katkestamiseks, kuna nad v\u00f5imaldavad paketivahetuse l\u00f5ksu j\u00e4\u00e4mist kahe hosti vahel. N\u00e4iteks v\u00f5ivad r\u00fcndajad saavutada v\u00f5rgu saadaval oleva ribalaiuse ammendumise, blokeerida v\u00f5rguteenuste t\u00f6\u00f6 (nt luues suurt koormust, mis \u00fcletab p\u00e4ringute intensiivsuse piiri) ja rakendada liiklusv\u00f5imendajaid DDoS-r\u00fcnnakute jaoks. <\/p>\n

Protokollid, mille teatud rakendused on haavatavad, h\u00f5lmavad DNS-i, NTP-d, TFTP-d, Echo (RFC862), Chargen (RFC864) ja QOTD-d (RFC865). Haavatavuse (CVE-2024-2169) olemasolu on kinnitatud mitmesugustes toodetes ettev\u00f5tetelt Cisco, Microsoft, Broadcom, Brother, Honeywell (CVE-2024-1309) ja MikroTik. Haavatavuste blokeerimise soovituslikeks meetmeteks on tulekahju seina kaudu valeandmete blokeerimine (uRPF), juurdep\u00e4\u00e4su piiramise seadistamine liigsetele UDP-teenustele ning liikluse intensiivsuse piiramise seadistamine (rate-limit ja QoS). <\/p>\n

Haavat tulenevad UDP-protokolli kaitsmatusest aadresside valeesitamiste vastu \u2014 kui \u00fclemiste ruutereid ei kaitsta valeesitamise eest, saab r\u00fcndaja UDP-paketis m\u00e4\u00e4rata suvalise serveri IP-aadressi ja saata selle paketi teisele serverile, mis saadab vastuse m\u00e4\u00e4ratud vale aadressile. R\u00fcnnakute meetod seisneb olukorra loomises, kus pakettide vahetus serverite vahel, mis kasutavad haavatavaid protokolli rakendusi, j\u00e4\u00e4b l\u00f5putuks. N\u00e4iteks v\u00f5ib sihtserver saata saabunud paketi vastu vastuse, millel on veakood, ja server, mille aadressi r\u00fcndaja sisestas, saadab oma vastuse, mis muidugi toob taas kaasa paketi t\u00f5rke koodiga. Seega, serverid<\/a> hakkavad paketid l\u00f5putult \u00fcksteisega 'ping-pongi' m\u00e4ngima.

\"R\u00fcnnakud<\/center> <\/p>\n

On t\u00e4helepanuv\u00e4\u00e4rne, et selline r\u00fcnnakumeetod ei ole uus ja serveril<\/a> ntpd ajakohandamine on \u00fcks r\u00fcnnakute variante, mis eemaldati juba 2009. aastal (CVE-2009-3563) versioonides 4.2.4p8 ja 4.2.5. R\u00fcnnak p\u00f5hines NTP-paketi saatmisel vale aadressiga ja seadistatud MOOD_PRIVATE lipuga, mille t\u00f6\u00f6tlemisel tagastas sihtserver vastuse, et privaatre\u017eiimi kasutada ei saa, j\u00e4ttes vastusesse MOOD_PRIVATE lipu. Seet\u00f5ttu ei saanud ka teine server seda lippu t\u00f6\u00f6delda ja tagastas oma vastuse, mis viis pakettide vahetuse ts\u00fcklisse kahe NTP-serveri vahel. DNS-protokolli osas on sarnase r\u00fcnnaku v\u00f5imalusest hoiatav teave avaldatud juba 1996. aastal. <\/p>\n

Globaalsed skaneerimised Interneti aadressidest on n\u00e4idanud, et v\u00f5rgus on hetkel v\u00e4hemalt 23 000 haavatavat TFTP-serverit, 63 000 DNS-serverit, 89 000 NTP-serverit, 56 000 Echo\/RFC862 teenust, 22 000 Chargen\/RFC864 teenust ja 21 000 QOTD\/RFC865 teenust. Eeldatakse, et NTP-serverite puhul on mitteparandatud haavatavuse olemasolu seotud v\u00e4ga vanade ntpd versioonide kasutamisega, mis on v\u00e4lja antud enne 2010. aastat. Echo, Chargen ja QOTD teenused on algselt haavatavad oma arhitektuuri t\u00f5ttu. TFTP ja DNS serverite olukord n\u00f5uab selgitusi nende haldajatega. Serverid atftpd ja tftpd ei ole probleemile vastuv\u00f5tlikud, kuna need kasutavad vastuse saatmisel juhuslikku l\u00e4hteporti. Haavatavate DNS-serverite seas mainitakse dproxy-nexgen. Microsofti toodetes avaldub probleem WDS (Windows Deployment Services) kaudu ning Cisco toodetes on probleem olemas 2800 ja 2970 seeria ruuterites.
\n
Allikas: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440 CERT (\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0432\u044b\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438), \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b UDP. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":114453,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-114452","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47UDP-p\u00f5histe protokollide r\u00fcnnak, mis viib pakettide vahetuse l\u00f5ksu | ProHoster","description":"CERTi koordineerimiskeskus (arvutikatkestus-grupp h\u00e4daolukordadele) avaldas hoiatuse mitme haavatavuse kohta erinevates rakendusprotokollides, mis kasutavad transportprotokollina UDP-d. Need haavatavused v\u00f5ivad v\u00f5imaldada teenuset\u00f5kestusr\u00fcnnakut, kuna nende t\u00f5ttu v\u00f5ib pakettide vahetus kahe hosti vahel j\u00e4\u00e4da l\u00f5ksu. N\u00e4iteks v\u00f5ivad r\u00fcndajad p\u00f5hjustada v\u00f5rgukiirusel vaba l\u00e4bilaskeplaadi ammendumist ning blokeerida v\u00f5rgu teenuseid (nt.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ataka-na-nekotorye-protokoly-na-osnove-udp-privodyashhaya-k-zacziklivaniyu-obmena-paketami","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"et_EE","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0410\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 UDP, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043a \u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440 CERT (\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0432\u044b\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438), \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b UDP. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 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