{"id":121960,"date":"2025-02-16T20:22:05","date_gmt":"2025-02-16T18:22:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-postgresql-ustranena-uyazvimost-ispolzovannaya-pri-atake-na-beyondtrust"},"modified":"2025-02-16T20:22:05","modified_gmt":"2025-02-16T18:22:05","slug":"v-postgresql-ustranena-uyazvimost-ispolzovannaya-pri-atake-na-beyondtrust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/v-postgresql-ustranena-uyazvimost-ispolzovannaya-pri-atake-na-beyondtrust","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL-iga on eemaldatud haavatavus, mida kasutati r\u00fcnnakul BeyondTrusti vastu","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

On korrektsed uuendused k\u00f5ikidele toetatud PostgreSQL harudele 17.3, 16.7, 15.11, 14.16 ja 13.19, milles on parandatud \u00fcle 70 vea ja k\u00f5rvaldatud haavatavus (CVE-2025-1094), mis aktiveeriti detsembri l\u00f5pus r\u00fcnnakus BeyondTrusti ja USA rahandusministeeriumi vastu. PostgreSQL'i probleem tuvastati BeyondTrust PRA (Privileged Remote Access) ja BeyondTrust RS (Remote Support) teenuste kaugel avatud haavatavuse (CVE-2024-12356) anal\u00fc\u00fcsi k\u00e4igus, mille \u00e4rakasutamise korral rakendati lisaks seni teadmata (0-day) haavatavust libpq-s. <\/p>\n

R\u00fcnnaku tulemusena suudeti kurjategijatel saada v\u00f5tme API ligip\u00e4\u00e4suks, mida kasutatakse BeyondTrusti SaaS-teenuste klientide kaugtugiteenuste osutamiseks. Seda API-d kasutati parooli l\u00e4htestamiseks ja USA rahandusministeeriumi infrastruktuuri kompromiteerimiseks, kes kasutab BeyondTrusti tooteid. R\u00fcnnaku k\u00e4igus suutsid kurjategijad \u00fcles laadida konfidentsiaalseid dokumente ja p\u00e4\u00e4seda ligi ministeeriumi t\u00f6\u00f6tajate arvutitele. <\/p>\n

Haavatavus ilmneb libpq teegis, mis pakub API-de \u00fchendamiseks andmebaasiga C keeles kirjutatud programmide kaudu (teegile on ka rakendatud m\u00e4histe teegid C++, Perl, PHP ja Python jaoks). Probleem m\u00f5jutab rakendusi, mis kasutavad spetsiaalsete s\u00fcmbolite genereerimisfunktsioone nagu PQescapeLiteral(), PQescapeIdentifier(), PQescapeString() v\u00f5i PQescapeStringConn(). <\/p>\n

R\u00fcndaja v\u00f5ib saavutada oma SQL-koodi sisestamise, kui v\u00e4ljastpoolt saadud tekst, enne kui see kasutatakse SQL-p\u00e4ringus, genereeritakse \u00fclalmainitud libpq funktsioonide abil. BeyondTrusti rakendustes edastati selliselt genereeritud p\u00e4ringud k\u00e4surea utiliidi psql kaudu. Haavatavus on tingitud faktist, et genereerimisfunktsioonides ei kontrollita kasutatud Unicode-s\u00fcmbolite \u00f5igsust, mis v\u00f5imaldab \u00fcmbers\u00f5itu jutum\u00e4rkide normaliseerimisest vale UTF-8 mitme baitiga j\u00e4rjestuste esitamiste kaudu. <\/p>\n

Selleks, et haavatavust kasutada, saab kasutada vale UTF-8 s\u00fcmbolit, mis koosneb baitidest 0xC0 ja 0x27 (\u2514'). Bait 0x27 vastab ASCII-kooderingis \u00fchele jutum\u00e4rgile ('), mis vajab ekraanimist. Ekraanimise koodis t\u00f6\u00f6deldakse baitide kombinatsiooni 0xC0 ja 0x27 \u00fche Unicode-s\u00fcmbolina. Seet\u00f5ttu j\u00e4\u00e4b bait 0x27 sellises j\u00e4rjekorras ekraanimata, samas kui SQL-p\u00e4ringu t\u00f6\u00f6tlemisel utiliidis psql t\u00f6\u00f6deldakse seda jutum\u00e4rgina. <\/p>\n

Kaugjuhtimisega SQL-p\u00e4ringute k\u00e4ivitamine<\/a> utiliidi psql abil saab juhusliku koodi t\u00e4itmise korraldamiseks kasutada k\u00e4sureale asendust «», mis on psql-is ette n\u00e4htud juhuslike programmide k\u00e4ivitamiseks. N\u00e4iteks, et k\u00e4ivitada serveris<\/a> utiliidile «id» saab edastada v\u00e4\u00e4rtuse «hax′; \! id #». Allpool olevas n\u00e4ites kutsutakse ekraanimiseks kasutusele PHP-skripti dbquote, mis kasutab PHP-funktsiooni pg_escape_string, mis t\u00f6\u00f6tab libpq funktsiooni PQescapeString'i kohal: $ echo -e «hello \xC0’world'» | .\\\/dbquote ‘hello \u2514’world»’ $ quoted=$(echo -e «hax\xC0′; \! id # » | .\\\/dbquote) $ echo «SELECT COUNT(1) FROM gw_sessions WHERE session_key = $quoted AND session_type = ‘sdcust’ AND (expiration IS NULL OR expiration>NOW())» | psql -e SELECT COUNT(1) FROM gw_sessions WHERE session_key = ‘hax\u2514’; ERROR: vale baitide j\u00e4rjestus kodeeringule «UTF8»: 0xc0 0x27 uid=1000(myexamplecompany) gid=1000(myexamplecompany)
\n
Allikas: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0421\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a PostgreSQL 17.3, 16.7, 15.11, 14.16 \u0438 13.19, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 70 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2025-1094), \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e BeyondTrust \u0438 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432 PostgreSQL \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CVE-2024-12356) \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0445 BeyondTrust PRA (Privileged Remote Access) \u0438 BeyondTrust […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-121960","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47 PostgreSQL-s on k\u00f5rvaldatud haavatavus, mida kasutati BeyondTrust'i r\u00fcnnakus | ProHoster","description":"On loodud parandavad v\u00e4rskendused k\u00f5igi toetatud PostgreSQL 17.3, 16.7, 15.11, 14.16 ja 13.19 harude jaoks, mis parandavad enam kui 70 viga ja k\u00f5rvaldavad haavatavuse (CVE-2025-1094), detsembrikuu 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ProHoster","og:description":"\u0421\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a PostgreSQL 17.3, 16.7, 15.11, 14.16 \u0438 13.19, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 70 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2025-1094), \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 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