{"id":181694,"date":"2026-05-24T00:25:20","date_gmt":"2026-05-23T22:25:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypolneno-dizassemblirovaniya-mikrokoda-i386-i-sozdan-otkrytyj-cpu-z386"},"modified":"2026-05-24T00:25:20","modified_gmt":"2026-05-23T22:25:21","slug":"vypolneno-dizassemblirovaniya-mikrokoda-i386-i-sozdan-otkrytyj-cpu-z386","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/vypolneno-dizassemblirovaniya-mikrokoda-i386-i-sozdan-otkrytyj-cpu-z386","title":{"rendered":"Teostatud mikrokoodi i386 dekompileerimine ja avatud CPU z386 loomine","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Entusiastid suudsid edukalt v\u00e4ljav\u00f5tta ja disassembleerida Intel 80386 protsessori mikrokoodi, mida dokumentatsiooni puudumise t\u00f5ttu peeti \"mustaks karbiks\". Mikrokoodi binaarset pilti taaskoondati AI abil, kasutades k\u00f5rge eraldusv\u00f5imega fotosid kristallist, ja t\u00f6\u00f6loogika anal\u00fc\u00fcsiti kristalli \u00fchenduste j\u00e4lgimise kaudu. Aja jooksul m\u00e4\u00e4rati mikrok\u00e4skude (\u03bc-ops) struktuur, v\u00e4ljendid, t\u00e4itmise j\u00e4rjekord ja k\u00e4skude l\u00f5pu markerid. Projekti tulemused on avaldatud GitHubis kui avalik domeen.<\/p>\n

\"Teostatud<\/center><\/p>\n

Selgus, et CPU 80386 puhul t\u00e4idetakse iga k\u00e4sku t\u00e4ielikult l\u00e4bi mikrokoodi, samas kui 8086 ja kaasaegsetes protsessorites t\u00f6\u00f6deldakse osa k\u00e4skudest otse. Lisaks sellele, erinevalt 8086 protsessoritest, ei teosta 80386 mikrokood algoritme otse, vaid peamiselt konfigureerib riistvarakiirendajaid (korrutaja, jagaja, kiire nihke, PTU (Protection Test Unit)). <\/p>\n

Uuringu k\u00e4igus avastati ka v\u00f5imalike turvaprobleemide v\u00f5imalus, kui t\u00f6\u00f6tatakse sisenemise\/k\u00e4itumise bitikaardi (IO permission bitmap) \u00fcle: 4-baidi primitiivse \u00f5igusm\u00e4\u00e4ramise kontrollimisel kontrolliti \u00f5igusi vaid esimese kolme baidi jaoks, kuid neljanda baidi juurdep\u00e4\u00e4s ei kontrollitud, mis teoreetiliselt v\u00f5imaldas juurdep\u00e4\u00e4su riistvararegistreerimisele, mille juurde p\u00e4\u00e4s oli keelatud.<\/p>\n

Avaldatud mikrokoodi p\u00f5hjal on v\u00e4lja t\u00f6\u00f6tatud avatud CPU z386, mis on rakendatud SystemVerilog keeles ja t\u00f6\u00f6tab FPGA abil. Erinevalt iga k\u00e4su rakendamisest eraldi RTL (Register-transfer level) vormis, on z386-s rakendatud riistvarastruktuure, mida juhib originaalne mikrokood. Valmistatud lahenduse j\u00f5udlus vastab kiire 386 PC (~70MHz) j\u00f5udlusele. Z386 all suudeti edukalt k\u00e4ivitada DOS 6\/7, DOS\/4GW, DOS\/32A ning m\u00e4nge nagu Doom ja Cannon Fodder.
\n
Allikas: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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| ProHoster","description":"Entusiastid suutsid edukalt tuua v\u00e4lja ja disassembeldada Intel 80386 protsessori mikrokoodi, mida dokumentatsiooni puudumise t\u00f5ttu peeti \"mustaks kastiks\".","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/vypolneno-dizassemblirovaniya-mikrokoda-i386-i-sozdan-otkrytyj-cpu-z386","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"et_EE","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0412\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 i386 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0439 CPU z386 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u042d\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u044c \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 Intel 80386, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f "\u0447\u0451\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c 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