{"id":30282,"date":"2019-10-31T21:34:39","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:34:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/podnozhka-dlya-mozga-platforma-raspredelennogo-reestra-hedera-hashgraph\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:34:39","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:34:39","slug":"podnozhka-dlya-mozga-platforma-raspredelennogo-reestra-hedera-hashgraph","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/podnozhka-dlya-mozga-platforma-raspredelennogo-reestra-hedera-hashgraph","title":{"rendered":"Ajuraha, hajanduse ja registri platvorm Hedera Hashgraph","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Ajuraha,
\nKonsensuse algoritm, as\u00fcnkrooniline taluvus seletamatute vigade suhtes, suunatud ts\u00fckliline graaf, hajandatud register \u2014 mis \u00fchendab neid kontseptsioone ja kuidas mitte oma aju v\u00e4lja venitada \u2014 artiklis Hedera Hashgraph.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nSwirlds Inc. esitleb:
\n<\/b>Hajandatud registri platvorm Hedera Hashgraph.<\/p>\n

Peaosades:
\n<\/b>Lemon Baird, matemaatik, Hashgraphi algoritmi looja, Swirlds Inc. kaasasutaja, tehnoloogia direktor ja peamine teaduslik t\u00f6\u00f6taja;
\nMance Harmon, matemaatik, Swirlds Inc. kaasasutaja ja tegevjuht;
\nTom Troubridge, Hedera Hashgraphi president, Hashgraphi tehnoloogia evangelist.<\/p>\n

Projektis osalevad:
\n<\/b>Finantskontsern Nomura Holding;
\nTelekommunikatsiooniettev\u00f5te Deutsche Telekom;
\nRahvusvaheline advokaadib\u00fcroo DLA Piper;
\nBrasiilia jaem\u00fc\u00fcja Magazine Luiza;
\n\u0160veitsi korporatsioon Swisscom AG.<\/p>\n

Ma ei saanud aru, miks kogu teave Hedera Hashgraphi kohta esitatakse nii segaselt \u2014 kas see on arendajate teadlik poliitika v\u00f5i on see juhtunud juhuslikult. Kuid igal juhul oli seotud teksti kirjutamine Hedera Hashgraphist v\u00e4ga keeruline. Iga kord, kui tundus, et n\u00fc\u00fcd ma saan aru, selgus peaaegu kohe, et see on s\u00fcgaval eksitusel. L\u00f5puks, tundub, et sain midagi m\u00f5istetavat kokku panna, kuid ikkagi \u2014 lugege ettevaatlikult, ajude v\u00e4lja venimise oht pole kuskile kadunud.<\/p>\n

Osa 1. B\u00fctsantsi kindralite \u00fclesanne ja kuulujutud
\n<\/b>Selle loo aluseks on nn \u00abB\u00fctsantsi kindralite \u00fclesanne\u00bb (Byzantine Fault Tolerance, BFT) \u2014 m\u00f5ttekatsumus, mis on m\u00f5eldud probleemide illustreerimiseks s\u00fcsteemide olekute synchroniseerimisel, kui kommunikatsioon on usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rne, kuid s\u00f5lmed mitte. K\u00f5ik, keda see huvitab, v\u00f5ivad seda teemat rohkem uurida siit v\u00f5i siit. <\/p>\n

Hedera Hashgraphi platvormi algoritmid p\u00f5hinevad Byzantiumi vigade taluvuse erijuhul - as\u00fcnkroonilisel Byzantiumi kindralite probleemil, v\u00f5i aBFT-l. 2016. aastal pakkus matemaatik Limon Baird selle jaoks esmakordselt lahenduse ja, olles tark, patenteeris selle kohe. <\/p>\n

Hedera Hashgraphi platvorm iseloomustub digitaalsete andmete kooskasutuse ja s\u00fcnkroniseerimisega vastavalt konsensuse algoritmile, f\u00fc\u00fcsilise andmesalvamise s\u00f5lmede detsentraliseerimisega ja puudumisega ainulisest kontrollikeskusest. Kuid Hashgraphi protokoll (antud juhul Hedera - keskkond, Hashgraph - protokoll) ei kuulu plokiahelate hulka, vaid on suunaga graaf, mis on vaba j\u00e4rjestikustest ts\u00fcklitest ja koosneb paralleelsetest j\u00e4rjestustest, mis algavad \u00fchest s\u00f5lmest ja j\u00f5uavad erinevaid teid pidi l\u00f5pp-s\u00f5lmeni. <\/p>\n

\u00dcksikasjalikult \u00f6eldes, kui klassikaline plokiahel on visuaalselt esitatav kui rangelt j\u00e4rjestatud l\u00fclide jada (mis on tegelikult selle peamine omadus), siis Hashgraph meenutab visuaalselt bonsaid, millel on tohutult hargnemisi. Kuna samaaegsete ringide arv on praktiliselt piiramatu, v\u00f5imaldab Hashgraph samal ajal teostada tohutul hulgal tehinguid (arendajad r\u00e4\u00e4givad 250 tuhande tehingu kohta sekundis, mis \u00fcletab isegi Visa v\u00f5imalusi viiel korral, r\u00e4\u00e4kimata Bitcoinist), lisaks on tehingutasu tavaliselt puuduv.<\/p>\n

Hashgraphi j\u00e4rgmine peamine erinevus klassikalisest plokiahelast on gossip-alarakendus (kuulduste protokoll). Jaotatud registris ei t\u00e4henda iga tehing andmete edastamist, vaid vaid teavet teabe kohta (Gossip about Gossip). Node teavitab tehingust kahte muud juhuslikku node'it, millest iga\u00fcks edastab s\u00f5numid kahele teisele, kuni teavitatud node'id on piisaval hulgal, et saavutada konsensus, mis toimub siis, kui enamik node'id on teavitatud (ja just selleg t\u00f5ttu saavutatakse v\u00e4idetud tehingute arv aja\u00fchikus). <\/p>\n

Osa 2. Plokiahela tapja v\u00f5i mitte
\n<\/b>Praegu on Hedera Hashgraph arendamisel. Eelk\u00f5ige testitakse oma kr\u00fcptovaluutat v\u00e4ikeste maksete toetamiseks, jaotatud v\u00f5rgu failide hoidlat ning stsenaariume, mis v\u00f5imaldavad luua nutilepinguid Ethereum'i keskkonna keeltes. <\/p>\n

Selle projekti \u00fcle on arvamused tavaliselt \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt polariseeritud. M\u00f5ned allikad nimetavad Hashgraphi otsekohe \"plokiahela tapjaks\", teistes m\u00e4rgitakse \u00f5igustatult, et Hedera keskkonnas puuduvad t\u00f6\u00f6tavad detsentraliseeritud rakenduste n\u00e4idised. Kolmandaid h\u00e4irib, et platvormi alus on patenteeritud ja selle areng on j\u00e4lgimisn\u00f5ukogu k\u00e4es, kuhu kuuluvad Fortune 500 nimekirja mitmete ettev\u00f5tete esindajad (kuigi viimane fakt n\u00e4itab, et projektil on t\u00f5eline potentsiaal ja see ei ole mingil juhul pettus). Muide, m\u00f5ni aeg tagasi eraldati projekt eraldi ettev\u00f5ttena Hedera Hashgraph, mis \u00fctleb samuti tema prioriteetsusest arendajate seas.<\/p>\n

Arendajad kogusid esialgu vaiksel rahakorraldusel 18 miljonit dollarit, et katta jooksvaid kulutusi, ja hiljem veel 100 miljonit. ICO kohta ei ole samuti mingit konkreetset teavet, ja tegelikult on Hedera Hashgraphi teekaart erandlikult m\u00f5istetamatu, kuid see ei takista ettev\u00f5tet aktiivselt t\u00f6\u00f6tamast selle konsensuse algoritmi populariseerimise nimel. Ettev\u00f5te t\u00f6\u00f6tab aktiivselt erinevate professionaalsete kogukondade loomise nimel \u2014 alates programmeerijatest kuni juristideni. Projekt esindajad on juba pidanud \u00fcle 80 kohtumise huvilistega \u00fcle kogu maailma, sealhulgas ka Venemaal \u2014 6. m\u00e4rtsil toimus Moskvas kohtumine Hedera Hashgraphi presidendi Tom Troubridge'iga, kus r\u00e4\u00e4gitakse, et kohal oli palju meie IT- ja rahandusringkondade esindajaid.<\/p>\n

H\u00e4rra Troubridge r\u00e4\u00e4kis, et l\u00e4hitulevikus oodatakse v\u00e4hemalt 40 detsentraliseeritud rakendust Hedera Hashgraphi platvormil, aga t\u00f6\u00f6s on neid \u00fcle 100, seega on k\u00f5igil peagi v\u00f5imalus n\u00e4ha, kuidas see s\u00fcsteem vabalt t\u00f6\u00f6tab.<\/p>\n

Kokku
\n<\/b>\u00dcldiselt v\u00f5ib mitmeid asju kindlalt \u00f6elda. Esiteks, projekt ei ole triviaalne ja on juba tekitanud t\u00f5sist huvi suurkorporatsioonide esindajate seas. Teiseks, mittespetsialisti jaoks on see avatud m\u00f5istmiseks \u00fcsna keeruline, mis ilmselt seletab andmete puudumist avalikus ruumis (veel rohkem, nagu videotest h\u00e4rra Limoni kohta n\u00e4htub, ei ole see nutikas meesterahvas sugugi orator). Kolmandaks, on v\u00e4het\u00f5en\u00e4oline, et sellest saab \u201eBitcoin'i m\u00f5rvar\u201c v\u00f5i midagi niiv\u00f5rd patetilist, kuid selle esitatud eelised n\u00e4ivad piisavalt kaalukad, et projekti t\u00e4helepanelikult j\u00e4lgida.<\/p>\n

Veelgi enam, r\u00e4\u00e4gitakse kuulujutte, et korraldajad plaanivad peagi kaasata uue investeeringute etapi ning on t\u00e4iesti v\u00f5imalik, et selles osalemine on igati m\u00f5istlik.
\n
Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Ettev\u00f5te Swirlds Inc. tutvustab: hajutatud registri platvorm Hedera Hashgraph. Peaosades: Lemon Baird, matemaatik, Hashgraphi algoritmi looja, kaasasutaja, tehniline direktor ja peainsener.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/podnozhka-dlya-mozga-platforma-raspredelennogo-reestra-hedera-hashgraph","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"et_EE","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0437\u0433\u0430: \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e 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