{"id":30282,"date":"2019-10-31T21:34:39","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:34:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/podnozhka-dlya-mozga-platforma-raspredelennogo-reestra-hedera-hashgraph\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:34:39","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:34:39","slug":"podnozhka-dlya-mozga-platforma-raspredelennogo-reestra-hedera-hashgraph","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/podnozhka-dlya-mozga-platforma-raspredelennogo-reestra-hedera-hashgraph","title":{"rendered":"Ajuplokk: Hedera Hashgraph'i jaotatud registri platvorm","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Ajuplokk:
\nKonsensusalgoritm, as\u00fcnkroonne taluvus seletamatutele vigadele, suunatud akts\u00fckliline graaf, jagatud registri \u2014 need m\u00f5isted on omavahel seotud ning kuidas mitte endale ajusid v\u00e4lja v\u00e4\u00e4nata \u2014 sellest r\u00e4\u00e4gib artikkel Hedera Hashgraphist.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nEttev\u00f5te Swirlds Inc. esitleb:
\n<\/b>Hedera Hashgraphi jagatud registri platvorm.<\/p>\n

Peaosades:
\n<\/b>Lemon Baird, matemaatik, Hashgraphi algoritmi looja, kaasasutaja, tehnilise juhi ja Swirlds Inc. peaehitaja.
\nMance Harmon, matemaatik, kaasasutaja ja Swirlds Inc. tegevjuht.
\nTom Troubridge, Hedera Hashgraphi president, Hashgraphi tehnoloogia evangelist.<\/p>\n

Projektis osalevad:
\n<\/b>Finantskontsern Nomura Holding;
\nTelekommunikatsiooniettev\u00f5te Deutsche Telekom;
\nRahvusvaheline \u00f5igusb\u00fcroo DLA Piper;
\nBrasiilia jaem\u00fc\u00fcja Magazine Luiza;
\n\u0160veitsi ettev\u00f5te Swisscom AG.<\/p>\n

Ma ei saanud aru, miks kogu teave Hedera Hashgraphi kohta on esitatud nii segaselt, kas see on arendajate teadlik poliitika v\u00f5i juhtus nii juhuslikult. Igal juhul oli Hedera Hashgraphist sidusa teksti kirjutamine v\u00e4ga keeruline. Iga kord, kui tundus, et n\u00fc\u00fcd olen l\u00f5puks k\u00f5ik aru saanud, ilmnes peaaegu kohe, et see on s\u00fcgav eksitus. L\u00f5puks, n\u00e4ib, et midagi m\u00f5istetavat siiski s\u00fcndis, kuid siiski \u2014 lugege ettevaatlikult, ajude v\u00e4lja v\u00e4\u00e4namise oht ei kao kuhugi.<\/p>\n

Osa 1. B\u00fctsantsi kindralite \u00fclesanne ja kuulujutud
\n<\/b>Selle loo aluseks on nn \u201eB\u00fctsantsi kindralite \u00fclesanne\u201d (Byzantine Fault Tolerance, BFT) \u2014 m\u00f5tteeksperiment, mille eesm\u00e4rk on illustreerida s\u00fcsteemide seisundi s\u00fcnkroniseerimise probleemi olukordades, kus suhtlused on usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rsed, kuid s\u00f5lmed mitte. K\u00f5ik, keda teema huvitab, saavad seda uurida siin v\u00f5i siin p\u00f5hjalikumalt. <\/p>\n

Hedera Hashgraphi platvormi algoritmid on loodud as\u00fcnkroonsest b\u00fctsantsi kindralite \u00fclesandest \u2014 aBFTst. 2016. aastal pakkus selle jaoks esmakordselt lahenduse matemaatik Lemon Baird ja, olles mitte rumal, patenteeris selle kohe. <\/p>\n

Hedera Hashgraph platvorm is iseloomustatud digitaalsete andmete \u00fchisest kasutamisest ja s\u00fcnkroniseerimisest konsensuse algoritmi alusel, f\u00fc\u00fcsilisest andmete salvestamise s\u00f5lmede detsentraliseeritusest ning \u00fche keskse kontrolli puudumisest. Siiski ei kuulu Hashgraph protokoll (antud juhul Hedera \u2014 keskkond, Hashgraph \u2014 protokoll) plokiahelate hulka, vaid on suunav graaf, mis ei sisalda j\u00e4rjestikuseid ts\u00fckleid ja koosneb paralleelsetest j\u00e4rjestustest, mis algavad \u00fchest s\u00f5lmest ja j\u00f5uavad erinevate teede kaudu l\u00f5pps\u00f5lme. <\/p>\n

\u00dcks lihtne n\u00e4ide: kui klassikalist plokiahelat saab visuaalselt kujutada rangelt j\u00e4rjestatud l\u00fclide jada (mis on tema p\u00f5hiomadus), siis Hashgraph meenutab visuaalselt bonsaid, millel on tohutu hulk haru. Kuna samal ajal kulgevate ts\u00fcklite arv on praktiliselt piiramatult suur, v\u00f5imaldab Hashgraph samal ajal teostada tohutul hulgal tehinguid (arendajad r\u00e4\u00e4givad 250 000-st tehingust sekundis, mis on viis korda rohkem kui isegi Visa v\u00f5imalused, r\u00e4\u00e4kimata bitcoini v\u00f5rgust), samas on tehingutasu tavaliselt puuduv.<\/p>\n

J\u00e4rgmine p\u00f5him\u00f5tteline erinevus Hashgraph'i ja klassikalise plokiahela vahel on gossip alamprotokoll (kuulujutude protokoll). Jaotatud registris ei t\u00e4henda iga tehing k\u00f5ikide andmete edastamist, vaid vaid teavet andmete kohta (Gossip about Gossip). Tehingust teatab s\u00f5lm kahele muule juhuslikule s\u00f5lmile, millest iga\u00fchel on seej\u00e4rel \u00fclesanne teavitada veel kahte, kuni informeeritud s\u00f5lmede arv on piisav, et saavutada konsensus, mis juhtub siis, kui enamik s\u00f5lmi on teavitatud (ja just seel\u00e4bi saavutatakse v\u00e4idetav tehingute hulk aja\u00fchikus). <\/p>\n

Osa 2. Plokiahela tapja v\u00f5i mitte
\n<\/b>Praegu on Hedera Hashgraph arenguetapis. T\u00e4pselt \u00f6eldes on k\u00e4imas katsetused enda kr\u00fcptovaluutaga, mis toetab mikromakseid, jaotatud v\u00f5rgufailide salvestamist ning stsenaariume, mis v\u00f5imaldavad luua nutilepinguid Ethereum'i keskkonna keeltes. <\/p>\n

Arvamused selle projekti kohta on harvaesinevalt polariseeritud. M\u00f5ned allikad nimetavad Hashgraphi \"plokiahela tapjaks\", teistes \u00f5igustatult m\u00e4rgitakse, et Hedera keskkonnas puuduvad t\u00f6\u00f6tavad detsentraliseeritud rakendused, kolmandaid h\u00e4irib see, et platvormi alus on patenteeritud ja selle areng on juhatuse kontrolli all, kuhu kuuluvad esindajad mitmest Fortune 500 ettev\u00f5ttest (kuigi viimane \u00fctleb, et projektil on tegelikult potentsiaal ja kindlasti ei ole see pettus). Muide, m\u00f5ni aeg tagasi eraldati projekt eraldi ettev\u00f5tteks Hedera Hashgraph, mis r\u00e4\u00e4gib ka selle prioriteetsusest arendajate jaoks.<\/p>\n

Arendajad kogusid aeglaselt, ilma suurema m\u00fcrata, esialgsel suletud m\u00fc\u00fcgil tokenite m\u00fc\u00fcgist 18 miljonit dollarit k\u00e4ibeks ja m\u00f5ne aja p\u00e4rast veel 100. Kuid ICOst pole ka mingit konkreetset teavet ning paaris\u00f5na kohal Hedera Hashgraphi tegevuskava kohta on harvaesinenud ja ei takista ettev\u00f5ttel aktiivset t\u00f6\u00f6d, et populariseerida seda konsensuse algoritmi; ettev\u00f5te t\u00f6\u00f6tab aktiivselt erinevate professionaalsete kogukondade loomise nimel - alates programmeerijatest kuni juristideni; projekti esindajad on juba korraldanud \u00fcle 80 kohtumise huvilistega \u00fcle kogu maailma, isegi Venemaal k\u00e4idi - 6. m\u00e4rtsil toimus Moskvas kohtumine Hedera Hashgraphi presidendi Tom Troubridge'iga, mis, nagu r\u00e4\u00e4gitakse, t\u00f5i kokku palju meie IT- ja raharingkondade esindajaid.<\/p>\n

H\u00e4rra Troubridge r\u00e4\u00e4kis, et l\u00e4hitulevikus oodatakse v\u00e4hemalt 40 detsentraliseeritud rakendust, mis p\u00f5hinevad Hedera Hashgraphil, ning tegelikult on t\u00f6\u00f6s rohkem kui 100, seega on k\u00f5igil varsti v\u00f5imalus n\u00e4ha, kuidas see s\u00fcsteem reaalselt t\u00f6\u00f6tab.<\/p>\n

Kokkuv\u00f5ttes
\n<\/b>\u00dcldiselt v\u00f5ib mitmeid asju kindlalt v\u00e4ita. Esiteks, projekt ei ole triviaalne ning on juba tekitanud t\u00f5siselt suurt huvi suurettev\u00f5tete esindajates. Teiseks, mitte-spetsialistile on see ilmne arusaamatus, millest, nagu tundub, tuleneb ka andmete nappus selle kohta avalikkuses (ja ka videost hr Limoni osalusel, et see tark h\u00e4rrasmees ei ole kordagi esineja). Kolmandaks, on ebat\u00f5en\u00e4oline, et sellest saab \u201eBitcoini tapja\u201c v\u00f5i midagi muud nii patetilist, kuid selle v\u00e4lja\u00f6eldud eelised n\u00e4ivad piisavalt tugevad, et projekti j\u00e4lgida on v\u00e4ga oluline.<\/p>\n

T\u00f5si, liiguvad kuuldused, et peagi kavatsevad korraldajad kaasata uut t\u00f5ukefondi, seega on t\u00e4iesti v\u00f5imalik, et selles osalemine on t\u00f5eliselt m\u00f5ttekas.
\n
Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0410\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0443\u0441\u0430, \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u2014 \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0438\u0445\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0437\u0433 \u2014 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043e Hedera Hashgraph. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Swirlds Inc. \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442: \u041f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430 Hedera Hashgraph. \u0412 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0445: \u041b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d \u0411\u0430\u0438\u0440\u0434, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0430 Hashgraph, \u0441\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Ajule, mida toetab: Hedera Hashgraphi jaotatud registrite platvorm | 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