{"id":30674,"date":"2019-10-31T21:36:50","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:36:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/50-letnij-modem-vzglyad-iznutri\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:36:50","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:36:50","slug":"50-letnij-modem-vzglyad-iznutri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/administrirovanie\/50-letnij-modem-vzglyad-iznutri","title":{"rendered":"50-aastane modem: pilk sisse","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"50-aastane
\n
\nM\u00f5ned aastad tagasi k\u00fclastas autor W6TRW korraldatud laat v\u00e4lja Northrop Grumman parklas Redondo Beachis, Californias. Televisioonide, mis meenutasid j\u00e4\u00e4karusid, ja hulga mobiiltelefonide laadijate ning toiteplokkide vahel paistis puidust kast, millel oli lukku, puidust k\u00e4epide ja DB-25 pesaga k\u00fclg. Pesaga k\u00f5rval oli l\u00fcliti: pooldupleks \u2014 t\u00e4isdupleks. Autor sai aru, mis see on. Modem. Puidust modem. T\u00e4psemalt \u2014 akustilise paarituse modem, mille tootis Livermore Data Systems umbes 1965. aastal.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

\"50-aastane
\n
\nModem on endiselt laadal. Vahetult p\u00e4rast pildistamist ostis autor selle 20 dollari eest.<\/i><\/p>\n

Kuna mitte k\u00f5ik ei tea, mis on akustiliste paarituste modem \u2014 v\u00e4ike ajalooline \u00fclevaade. Probleem oli selles, et kunagi kuulusid telefonifirmadele mitte ainult liinid. Neid tuli rentida ka telefoniseadmete jaoks. Need lugejad, kes kogesid dial-up-\u00fchendust, \u00fchendasid modemid telefoniliinidega otse. Tol ajal, kui see modem valmistati, oli selline toimimine keelatud. Vastavalt 1934. aasta Ameerika seadusele ei tohtinud kodustele telefonidele midagi \u00fchendada \u00fchtegi viisi pidi. Aastal 1956, p\u00e4rast Hush-A-Phone Corp v. United States kohtuasja, muudeti reeglit: mehaaniliselt<\/i> \u00fchendamine muutus v\u00f5imalikuks. Hush-A-Phone \u2014 see on sellist asja<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Ameerikas lubati 1968. aastal formaalselt erinevaid seadmeid telefoniliiniga elektriliselt \u00fchendada (Carterphone'i otsus<\/a><\/noindex>). Kuid kuni 1978. aastani ei olnud seda v\u00f5imalust v\u00f5imalik kasutada, kuna tariifid, spetsifikatsioonid ja sertifitseerimismeetodid polnud v\u00e4lja t\u00f6\u00f6tatud. Seet\u00f5ttu oli 1956\u20131978 aasta jooksul m\u00f5te kasutada akustiliselt paaritavaid modemeid ja automaatvastajaid. Tegelikult toodeti neid kauem \u2014 harjumuse t\u00f5ttu.<\/p>\n

See modem, mis mul autoril praegu laual on, on ajaloo lahutamatu, kuid samas ebatavaline lehek\u00fclg. See on valmistatud enne Carterphone'i otsust ja seet\u00f5ttu ei saa see otse telefoniv\u00f5rku \u00fchendada. See on projekteeritud enne paljude mikrokiipide v\u00e4ljat\u00f6\u00f6tamist, mis t\u00e4nap\u00e4eval on klassikaks peetud. Selle modemi esimene versioon tuli v\u00e4lja vaid aasta hiljem kui Bell 103, esimene kommerts edukas modem. Teie ees on suurep\u00e4rane n\u00e4ide sellest, kui palju v\u00f5imalusi saab \u201ev\u00e4lja pigistada\u201c vaid kleinikestest kolmeteistk\u00fcmnest transistorist. P\u00e4rast seda unustati see modem pikaks ajaks, kuni sellest tehti kaks videot, \u00fcks 2009. aastal ja teine 2011. aastal:<\/p>\n

\r\n \"Vaata\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

\r\n \"Vaata\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Videoblogija phreakmonkey sai k\u00e4tte varajase eksemplari modemist, mille seerianumber on veidi \u00fcle 200. Sellised modemid eristuvad p\u00e4hklipuu korpustega, mille osad on \u00fchendatud 'lendab sabad'. Phreakmonkey arvates on seda tunnust pidades v\u00f5imalik m\u00e4\u00e4rata modemi vanust, kuna 'lendab sabad' on ajakulukad. Alates seerianumbrist 850 hakkasid modemid olema puidu korpustes, kus olid kastikujulised \u00fchendused. Seej\u00e4rel hakati korpuse osi \u00fchendama soontega. Livermore Data Systems pidi modemite valmistamisega kiirusel edasi minema.<\/p>\n

Aastal 2007 piilus blogija Brent Hilpert sellesse modemisse ja kirjeldas selle ehitust<\/a><\/noindex>. Eriti huvitav on selle skeem. K\u00f5ik kolmeteist transistori modemis on standardsed ja sel ajal laialt levinud. \u00dcks germaanium PNP-transistor on seal kasutatud p\u00f5hjusel, mida autorile arusaamatuks j\u00e4\u00e4b. K\u00f5iki neid t\u00fc\u00fcpe transistore on t\u00e4na lihtne leida vanadest varudest. Kokku umbes kaksk\u00fcmmend dollarit \u2013 ja teie k\u00e4es on t\u00e4iskomplekt transistore, mis on vajalikud t\u00e4pselt sellise modemi kordamiseks. T\u00f5si, vajalikud on ka teised komponendid, sealhulgas miniatuursed transformaatorid.<\/p>\n

\"50-aastane
\n
\nModemi akustilise \u00fchenduse seade on keegi v\u00e4lja t\u00f5mmanud, \u00fclej\u00e4\u00e4nud vastab t\u00e4ielikult dokumentatsioonile. Ristplaadi peal on kolm plaati. Esimesel on k\u00f5ik toiteploki detailid, v\u00e4lja arvatud transformaator, teisel on modulaator ja kolmandal demodulaator. Transistori 2N5138 peal on kuup\u00e4ev: 1969. aasta 37. n\u00e4dal. Modemi t\u00e4pset tootmiskuup\u00e4eva ei ole \u00f5nnestunud kindlaks teha, kuid t\u00f5en\u00e4oliselt on see toodetud ja tarnitud enne 1970. aastat.<\/p>\n

\"50-aastane
\n
\n\"50-aastane
\n
\nPistiku\u00fchendus t\u00e4hendab, et modem on hilisemate v\u00e4ljalasetega.<\/i><\/p>\n

\"50-aastane
\n
\n\"50-aastane
\n
\n\"50-aastane
\n
\n\"50-aastane
\n
\n\"50-aastane
\n
\nAutor ostis selle modemi lihtsalt, et hoida seda enda juures. See on puidust modem, kuid t\u00f5en\u00e4oliselt mitte keegi autorist tuttav ei kujuta ette, kui lahe see on. See on kunstiteos, milles on nii palju ebatavalist. Autor tahtis seda parandada, kuid m\u00f5istis, et see ei ole praktiline.<\/p>\n

Esiteks tuleb leida originaalne akustilise paaristamise seade. Selle puudumise t\u00f5ttu ei m\u00f5istnud kirbuturu k\u00fclastajad, millega nad tegu on. Livermore Data Systems'i embleem ja seerianumber asusid algselt selle seadme peal, kuid n\u00fc\u00fcd nende puudumine raskendas toodet modemina tuvastada, sest nad ei ole arvutimuseumide t\u00f6\u00f6tajad. Loomulikult on ahvatlev printida akustilise paaristamise seadme \u00fcksikasjad, aga kas selle teostamiseni ka j\u00f5utakse?<\/p>\n

Teiseks on seal t\u00f5en\u00e4oliselt kadunud paljude kondensaatorite parameetrid. Loomulikult on huvitav v\u00f5tta ja \u00fcle vaadata k\u00f5ik plaadid, kuid kui autor soovib saada t\u00f6\u00f6tavat modemit akustilise paaristamisega, siis on parem variant.<\/p>\n

R\u00e4\u00e4gime nutikast konstruktsioonist nimega «andmete WC\"<\/a><\/noindex>«, mille arendas v\u00e4lja Chaos Computer Club 1985. aastal vastusena sarnasele keeldudele, mis sel ajal Saksamaa F\u00f6deraalses Vabariigis kehtis. See modem on lihtsamalt ehitatud, kuid selle v\u00f5imalused on laiemad. See on loodud AM7910 mikroskeemil, mida on endiselt harva m\u00fc\u00fcgis, ja t\u00f6\u00f6tab kiirusel kuni 1200 Bitt. Sellel on lihtsam ehitada modem nullist kui diskreetsetest transistoridest.<\/p>\n

\u00dcldiselt pole selle puidust modemi taastamine m\u00f5tet, kuid oli v\u00e4ga huvitav see lahti v\u00f5tta, fotoseanss korraldada ja k\u00f5ik tagasi kokku panna. Peaaegu nii n\u00e4gi v\u00e4lja sisemine elektroonika, kuni seal polnud mikrokiipe. Kuid kui autor peaks leidma sobiva akustilise sidumise seadme sellele modemile, siis m\u00f5tleks ta kindlasti veel kord: \u00e4kki siiski tasub parandamisele m\u00f5elda?
\n
Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Televiisorite, mis meenutasid j\u00e4\u00e4karusid, ja hulga telefonide laadijate ning toiteplokkide vahel paistis puidust kast, millel oli lukku, puidust k\u00e4epide ja k\u00fcljes DB-25 pesa. Pesa k\u00f5rval oli l\u00fcliti: pooldupleks \u2013 t\u00e4isdupleks. 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