{"id":31082,"date":"2019-10-31T21:39:21","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:39:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/zachem-vam-uchit-go\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:39:21","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:39:21","slug":"zachem-vam-uchit-go","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/zachem-vam-uchit-go","title":{"rendered":"Miks peaksite Go \u00f5ppima","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Miks
\nPildi allikas<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Go on suhteliselt noor, kuid populaarne programmeerimiskeel. Vastavalt\u00a0k\u00fcsitluse andmetele<\/a><\/noindex> Stack Overflow's sai Golang kolmanda koha programmeerimiskeelte edetabelis, mida arendajad sooviksid \u00f5ppida. Selles artiklis p\u00fc\u00fcame m\u00f5ista Go populaarsuse p\u00f5hjuseid ning vaatame, kus ja miks seda keelt tasub \u00f5ppida.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Enne kui liigume edasi<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Go programmeerimiskeel loodi Google'i poolt. T\u00f5epoolest, selle t\u00e4isnimetus Golang on tuletatud s\u00f5nadest \"Google language\". Kuigi keelt nimetati nooreks, t\u00e4itub sel aastal juba k\u00fcmme aastat.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Celi, mille keskmes olid Go loojad, oli arendada lihtsalt ja t\u00f5husat programmeerimiskeelt, mida saaks kasutada kvaliteetse tarkvara loomiseks. Rob Pike, \u00fcks Go loojatest, teatas, et Go aarendas programmis, kes on hiljuti oma \u00f5pingud l\u00f5petanud ja tunneb Java, C, C++ v\u00f5i Pythonit. Go on nende jaoks keel, millesse on lihtne s\u00fcveneda ja millega harjub kiiresti.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Alguses oli see t\u00f6\u00f6riist Google\u2019is, kuid aja jooksul tuli see korporatsiooni s\u00fclest v\u00e4lja ja sai avalikkuse omanduseks.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Keeli eelised<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Golangil on palju plusse, nii tuntud kui mitte nii h\u00e4sti tuntud.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Lihtsus.<\/strong> Tegelikult oli see keele loomise peamine eesm\u00e4rk ning seda on \u00f5nnestunud saavutada. Go-l on piisavalt lihtne s\u00fcntaks (teatud eranditega), seega saab rakendusi arendada kiiremini kui m\u00f5nes teises keeles. Siin on kaks huvitavat punkti.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Esiteks, Golang on piisavalt kiiresti omandatav t\u00e4ieliku algaja jaoks, kes ei tea \u00fcldse \u00fchtegi keelt ja plaanib just alustada arendajana. Go kohta v\u00f5ib \u00f6elda, et see on peaaegu sama lihtne (suhteliselt, muidugi) kui PHP v\u00f5i isegi Pascal, kuid samas sama v\u00f5imas kui C++.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Teiseks, Go suudab omandada ka juba \"v\u00e4ljakujunenud programmeerija\", kes tunneb \u00fchte v\u00f5i mitut keelt. K\u00f5ige sagedamini \u00f5pivad arendajad Go p\u00e4rast seda, kui nad on omandanud Pythonit v\u00f5i PHP-d. Paljud programmeerijad kasutavad t\u00f5husalt kombinatsiooni Python\/Go v\u00f5i PHP\/Go.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Suur hulk teeke.<\/strong> Kui Go-st puudub m\u00f5ni v\u00f5imalus, saab kasutada \u00fchte paljusid raamatukogusid ja vajalikku \u00fclesannet t\u00e4ita. Go-l on veel \u00fcks eelis - see suudab probleemideta suhelda C-keele raamatukogudega. On isegi arvamus, et Go-raamatukogud on C-raamatukogude \u00fcmbrikud.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Koodi puhtus.<\/strong> Go kompilaator v\u00f5imaldab hoida koodi \"puhtana\". N\u00e4iteks peetakse kasutamata muutujaid kompileerimisveaks. Go-s lahendatakse suurem osa vormindamisprobleeme. Seda tehakse n\u00e4iteks gofmt programmi abil salvestamisel v\u00f5i kompileerimisel. Vormindamine korrigeeritakse automaatselt. Lisainfot selle kohta saab lugeda \u00f5petusest. T\u00f5hus<\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Staatiline t\u00fc\u00fcbistamine.<\/strong> Veel \u00fcks Go eelis, mis v\u00e4hendab arendaja valeotsuste tegemise t\u00f5en\u00e4osust. Jah, esimesed paar p\u00e4eva h\u00e4irib programmeerijat, kes on harjunud d\u00fcnaamilise t\u00fc\u00fcbi m\u00e4\u00e4ramisega, vajadus deklareerida t\u00fc\u00fcp iga muutuja ja funktsiooni jaoks, samuti k\u00f5ike muud. Kuid hiljem saab selgeks, et siin on ainult eeliseid.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

GoDoc<\/a><\/noindex><\/strong>. Utiliit, mis muudab koodi dokumenteerimise v\u00e4ga lihtsaks. Suureks plussiks GoDoc-is on see, et siin ei kasutata t\u00e4iendavaid keeli nagu JavaDoc, PHPDoc v\u00f5i JSDoc. Utiliit kasutab maksimaalselt teavet, mille ta t\u00f5mbab dokumenteeritavast koodist.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Koodi hooldus.<\/b> Seda on lihtne hooldada just t\u00e4nu lihtsale ja lakoonilisele s\u00fcntaksile. See on k\u00f5ik Googlest p\u00e4rinev. Kuna korporatsioonil on tohutul hulgal koodi erinevates tarkvaratoodetes ning k\u00fcmneid tuhandeid arendajaid, kes k\u00f5ike seda k\u00e4sitleda, tekib hooldust\u00f6\u00f6de probleem. Kood peab olema selge k\u00f5igile, kes sellega t\u00f6\u00f6tavad, h\u00e4sti dokumenteeritud ja lakooniline. K\u00f5ik see on Go-ga v\u00f5imalik.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Samuti ei ole Golangis klasse (olemas on struktuurid, struct), pole p\u00e4rimistoetust, mis oluliselt lihtsustab koodi muutmist. Pluss pole erandeid, annotatsioone jne.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Mida saab Go-s kirjutada<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Praktiselt k\u00f5ike, v\u00e4lja arvatud m\u00f5ned aspektid (n\u00e4iteks masin\u00f5ppega seotud arendused - siin sobib siiski rohkem Python koos madala taseme optimeeringutega C\/C++ ja CUDA).<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

K\u00f5ike muud saab kirjutada, eriti on see asjakohane web-teenuste osas. Lisaks on Go hea valik rakenduste arendamiseks nii l\u00f5ppkasutajatele kui ka demonite, kasutajaliideste arendamiseks, see sobib ristplatvormi rakenduste ja teenuste jaoks.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Golang'i n\u00f5udlus<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Miks
\nAja jooksul muutub keel j\u00e4rjest enam n\u00f5utuks. Lisaks \u00fclaltoodud piltidel olevatele ettev\u00f5tetele t\u00f6\u00f6tab Golang'i kallal ka Mail.ru Group, Avito, Ozon, Lamoda, BBC, Canonical ja teised.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u201eMe otsustasime oma \u00e4ri skaleerida, meil on oluline luua t\u00e4iesti uus tehnoloogiline platvorm, mis tagab toote kiire arengu. Panustame Go'le tema kiirusest ja usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rsusest, aga mis k\u00f5ige t\u00e4htsam \u2013 programmeritest, kes seda kasutavad,\u201d \u00fctlesid Ozon'i esindajad 2018. aastal, p\u00e4rast seda kui ettev\u00f5te otsustas minna Golang'i peale.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Aga mis on tulu? Eelmisel aastal oli Go-arendaja keskmine palk 60\u2013140 tuhat rubla andmete<\/a><\/noindex> \u201eMinu \u00dcmber\u201d. V\u00f5rreldes 2017. aastaga kasvas see n\u00e4itaja 8,3%. Eeldatavasti j\u00e4tkub kasv ka 2019. aastal, kuna Golang'i arendajate j\u00e4rele on paljudes ettev\u00f5tetes suuri vajadusi.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Mis edasi?<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Golang'i arengus peatumine ei tule kindlasti k\u00f5ne alla. Heade spetsialistide vajadus, kes seda keelt tunnevad, suureneb pidevalt, seega on spetsialistil (algaja v\u00f5i professionaal) lihtne t\u00f6\u00f6d leida. Tegelikult on see \u00fctlus aktuaalne ka praegu, kuna IT-turul on pidev arendajate puudus.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Go on hea nii algajatele programmeerijatele kui ka professionaalidele, kes juba tunnevad \u00fcht v\u00f5i mitut programmeerimiskeelt. Peaaegu iga programmeerija suudab selle \u00e4ra \u00f5ppida v\u00f5i \u00fcmber \u00f5ppida.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Artikkel valmis koost\u00f6\u00f6s \u00f5petaja Golang'i kursusest<\/a><\/noindex> GeekBrains'is Sergei Kruchiniiniga, kellele suur ait\u00e4h!<\/p>\n

Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u0412\u00a0\u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043c\u044b\u00a0\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u00a0Go, \u0430\u00a0\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u00a0\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u041d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 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