{"id":32661,"date":"2019-10-31T21:48:16","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:48:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/chillernoe-ohlazhdenie-tsod-kakoj-teplonositel-vybrat\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:48:16","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:48:16","slug":"chillernoe-ohlazhdenie-tsod-kakoj-teplonositel-vybrat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chillernoe-ohlazhdenie-tsod-kakoj-teplonositel-vybrat","title":{"rendered":"Chilleri jahutus andmekeskustes: millist jahutusvedelikku valida?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Andmekeskustes kasutatakse k\u00f5ige sagedamini tsentraliseeritud mitme tsooniga s\u00fcsteeme, kus on veega jahutavad masinad (chillerid). Need on efektiivsemad freoniga konditsioneeridest, kuna ringluses olev jahutusvedelik ei muutu gaasiliseks ja chilleri kompressori-kondensaator hakkab t\u00f6\u00f6le ainult temperatuuri t\u00f5ustes teatud tasemeni. \u00dcks k\u00f5ige olulisemaid k\u00fcsimusi chilleris\u00fcsteemi projekteerimisel on: millist jahutusvedelikku on parem kasutada? See v\u00f5ib olla vesi v\u00f5i multiatomsete alkhoholide veelahus \u2013 prop\u00fcleengl\u00fckool v\u00f5i et\u00fcleengl\u00fckool. Proovime v\u00e4lja selgitada iga variandi eeliseid ja puuduseid.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

F\u00fc\u00fcsika ja keemia<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

F\u00fc\u00fcsikaliste omaduste (soojusmahtuvus, tihedus, kinemaatiline viskoossus) poolest peetakse vett optimaalseks jahutusvedelikuks. Samuti saab seda rahulikult mahutada mulda v\u00f5i kanalisatsiooni. Kahjuks kasutatakse meie laiuskraadidel vett ainult siseruumides, kuna see k\u00fclmub temperatuuril 0 \u00b0C. Sel juhul v\u00e4heneb jahutusvedeliku tihedus ja selle maht suureneb. Protsess toimub ebakorrap\u00e4raselt ning seda ei saa kompenseerida paisupaagi abil. K\u00fclmumiskohti isoleeritakse, staatiline r\u00f5hk torude seintel suureneb ja l\u00f5puks toimub purunemine. Multiatomsete alkhoholide veelahused on neist puudustest vabastatud. Need k\u00fclmuvad palju madalamal temperatuuril, ilma kohalikku k\u00fclmumise k\u00f5rgaid tekitamata. Nende tihedus kristallimise ajal v\u00e4heneb palju v\u00e4hem kui vees j\u00e4\u00e4tumise korral, seega ei suurene maht nii palju \u2013 isegi k\u00fclmunud gl\u00fckoolide veelahused ei h\u00e4vita torusid.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Tellijatel on sageli eelisse prop\u00fcleengl\u00fckooli, sest see ei ole toksiline. Tegelikult on see lubatud toidu lisaaine E1520, mida kasutatakse k\u00fcpsetistes ja teistes toiduainetes niiskuse hoidjana. Seda rakendatakse ka kosmeetikatoodetes ja paljudes muudes kohtades. Kui t\u00e4ita s\u00fcsteem prop\u00fcleengl\u00fckooli vees lahusega, ei ole erilisi ettevaatussamme vaja: tellijal on vaja vaid lisatanklat lekete kompenseerimiseks. Eet\u00fcleengl\u00fckooliga t\u00f6\u00f6tamine on keerulisem - see aine kuulub m\u00f5\u00f5dukalt toksiliste seas (kolmas ohtlikkuse klass). Selle maksimaalne lubatud kontsentratsioon \u00f5hus on 5 mg\/m3, kuid t\u00e4nu madalale lenduvusele normaalses temperatuuris v\u00f5ib selle mitmeh\u00f5lmise alkoholi aurudega m\u00fcrgitada ainult pikka aega hingates.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Halvimad asjaolud on heitmete osas: vesi ja prop\u00fcleengl\u00fckool ei vaja h\u00e4vitamist, kuid eet\u00fcleengl\u00fckooli kontsentratsioon \u00fchiskasutatavas vees ei tohi \u00fcletada 1 mg\/l. Seet\u00f5ttu peavad andmesaalide omanikud arvestama oma eelarvesse eraldi \u00e4ravoolus\u00fcsteemid, isoleeritud mahutid ja\/v\u00f5i lahjendamiss\u00fcsteem, et \u00e4ra voolata jahutusvedelikku veega: lihtsalt kanalisatsiooni suunamine ei ole lubatud. Lahjendamiseks vajalikud veehulgad \u00fcletavad sada korda jahutusvedeliku koguse, ja kaetud pinnasele v\u00f5i p\u00f5randale selle valamine on \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt ebasoovitav - toksiline mitmeh\u00f5lmine alkohol tuleb suure veehulga abil maha pesta. Siiski on eet\u00fcleengl\u00fckooli kasutamine kaasaegsetes konditsioneerimisseadmetes andmekeskustes<\/a> samuti t\u00e4iesti ohutu, kui j\u00e4rgida k\u00f5iki vajalikke ettevaatusabin\u00f5usid.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Majandus<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Vett on praktiliselt tasuta v\u00f5rreldes mitme atomiga alkoholide baasil valmistatud soojusvedelike hindadega. Prop\u00fcleengl\u00fckooli vesilahus chillers ja fankoidide s\u00fcsteemis on \u00fcsna kallis \u2013 maksab umbes 80 rubla liitri kohta. Arvestades soojusvedeliku perioodilise vahetamise vajadust, kujuneb see \u00fcsna suurt summat. Eet\u00fcleengl\u00fckooli vesilahuse hind on peaaegu poole v\u00f5rra madalam, kuid sellega tuleb arvestada ka kasutuskuludega, mis on samuti suhteliselt v\u00e4iksed. On n\u00fcansse, mis on seotud viskoossuse ja soojuse mahutavusega: prop\u00fcleengl\u00fckooli baasil olev soojusvedelik n\u00f5uab k\u00f5rgemat r\u00f5hku, mida loob ringluspump. Kokkuv\u00f5ttes on eet\u00fcleengl\u00fckooliga t\u00f6\u00f6tamise kulud oluliselt madalamad, mist\u00f5ttu valitakse see variant sageli, vaatamata soojusvedeliku teatud toksilisusele. Veel \u00fcks variant kulude v\u00e4hendamiseks on kahe kontuuriga s\u00fcsteemi kasutamine soojust vahetava seadmega, kus siseruumides, kus on positiivne temperatuur, ringleb tavaline vesi, samas kui v\u00e4ljaspool suunatakse soojus k\u00fclmumatu gl\u00fckolilahuse abil. Sellise s\u00fcsteemi efektiivsus on veidi madalam, kuid kallite soojusvedelike maht v\u00e4heneb m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rselt.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Summary<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Tegelikult on k\u00f5ik loetletud jahutuss\u00fcsteemide variandid (v\u00e4lja arvatud meie laiuskraadides mitteeluj\u00f5ulised puhtalt veep\u00f5hised) \u00f5igustatud. Valik s\u00f5ltub t\u00e4ielikust omamise maksumusest, mida tuleb igas konkreetses olukorras arvestada juba projekteerimise etapis. Ainus asi, mida kindlasti ei tohiks teha: muuta kontseptsiooni, kui projekt on praktiliselt valmis. Veelgi enam, ei tohiks muuta soojusvedelikku, kui inseneris\u00fcsteemide paigaldamine tulevases andmekeskuses on juba k\u00e4imas. Nii m\u00f5tted kui ka vaevad toovad kaasa t\u00f5sised kulud, seega tasub valik teha kord ja l\u00f5plikult.<\/p>\n

Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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