{"id":34705,"date":"2019-10-31T21:59:54","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:59:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/arm-predstavila-novoe-moshhnoe-yadro-tsp-cortex-a77\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:59:54","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:59:54","slug":"arm-predstavila-novoe-moshhnoe-yadro-tsp-cortex-a77","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/arm-predstavila-novoe-moshhnoe-yadro-tsp-cortex-a77","title":{"rendered":"ARM tutvustas uut v\u00f5imsat protsessorituuma - Cortex-A77","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

ARM esitles oma uusimat protsessoridisaini \u2013 Cortex-A77. Nagu eelmisel aastal v\u00e4lja tulnud Cortex-A76, on see tuum m\u00f5eldud tipptasemel \u00fclesannete t\u00e4itmiseks nutitelefonides ja erinevates seadmetes. Arendaja keskendub t\u00e4itmissete arvule takti kohta (IPC). Taktsagedused ja energiatarve j\u00e4\u00e4vad enam-v\u00e4hem samale tasemele nagu Cortex-A76-l.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Praegu on ARM suunatud oma tuumade tootlikkuse kiirele suurendamisele. Vastavalt nende plaanidele, alustades Cortex-A73-st 2016. aastal ja l\u00f5petades Hercules disainiga 2020. aastal, kavatseb ettev\u00f5te suurendada CPU v\u00f5imsust 2,5 korda. Juba \u00fcleminekud 16 nm-lt 10 nm-le ja seej\u00e4rel 7 nm-le on v\u00f5imaldanud t\u00f5sta taktsagedust ning koos Cortex-A75 ja seej\u00e4rel Cortex-A76 arhitektuuriga, on ARMi hinnangul t\u00e4na saavutatud 1,8-kordne tootlikkuse t\u00f5us. N\u00fc\u00fcd v\u00f5imaldab Cortex-A77 IPC suurenemine veel 20 % tootlikkuse kasvu sama taktsageduse juures. Seega 2,5-kordne kasv 2020. aastal muutub t\u00e4iesti realistlikuks.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Hoolimata 20 % IPC t\u00f5usust ei ole ARMi hinnangul A77 energiatarve suurenenud. Kompromiss seisneb selles, et A77 kristallipinna suurus on umbes 17 % suurem kui A76-l sama tehnoloogia tingimustes. Seet\u00f5ttu suureneb eraldi tuuma maksumus veidi. Kui v\u00f5rrelda ARMi saavutusi t\u00f6\u00f6stuse liidritega, siis tuleb m\u00e4rkida, et AMD on Zen 2-ga saavutanud IPC t\u00f5usu 15 % v\u00f5rreldes Zen+-iga, samas kui Intel tuumade IPC on aastaid peaaegu samal tasemel p\u00fcsinud.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Tellimuste t\u00e4itmise akna suurust (out-of-order window size) on suurendatud 25 %, ulatudes 160 \u00fcksuseni, mis v\u00f5imaldab tuumal saavutada rohkem paralleelsust arvutustes. Juba Cortex-A76-l oli suur h\u00fcbriid-aadressi vahem\u00e4lu (Branch Target Buffer), kuid Cortex-A77-l on see suurenenud veel 33 %, ulatudes 8 Kb, mis v\u00f5imaldab haruvahedn\u00e4gemise plokil t\u00f5husalt hakkama saada suureneva paralleelsete k\u00e4skude arvuga.<\/p>\n

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\n\"ARM<\/p>\n

Veel huvitavam uuendus on t\u00e4iesti uus 1,5 KB vahem\u00e4lu, kus hoitakse makrooperatsioone (MOP), mis tagastatakse dekodeerimismodulist. ARM-i protsessori arhitektuur dekodeerib kasutajarakendusest instruktsioone v\u00e4iksemateks makrooperatsioonideks ja seej\u00e4rel jagab need mikrooperatsioonideks, mis edastatakse t\u00e4itmis\u00fctime. MOP vahem\u00e4lu kasutatakse puuduolevate harude ja l\u00e4htestamiste m\u00f5ju v\u00e4hendamiseks, kuna makrooperatsioonid hoitakse n\u00fc\u00fcd eraldi plokis ja ei vaja kordusdekodeerimist - seel\u00e4bi suurendades \u00fcldist tuuma l\u00e4bilaskev\u00f5imet. M\u00f5nes koormuses on uus plokk \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt kasulik t\u00e4ienduseks standardsele instruktsioonide vahem\u00e4llu.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

T\u00e4itmis\u00fcdisse on lisatud neljas ALU plokk ja teine haruproktsioonide plokk. Neljas ALU suurendab protsessori \u00fcldist l\u00e4bilaskev\u00f5imet 1,5 korda, v\u00f5imaldades \u00fchtse ts\u00fckli juhiseid (n\u00e4iteks ADD ja SUB) ning kaht ts\u00fcklilist t\u00e4isarvutegevust, nagu korrutamine. Kaks muud ALU saavad t\u00f6\u00f6delda ainult baasi \u00fchetasandilisi juhiseid, samas kui viimane plokk koormatakse keerukamate matemaatiliste operatsioonidega, nagu jagamine ja akumuleerimisega korrutamine jne. Teine haruproktsioonide plokk t\u00e4itmis\u00fcdis suurendab samade haruproktsioonide arvu, millega tuum suudab t\u00f6\u00f6tada, see on kasulik juhul, kui kaks kuuest saadetud k\u00e4sust kuuluvad haruproktsioonidele. ARM-i sisetestimine n\u00e4itas j\u00f5udluse kasvu, kasutades seda teist haruproktsiooni plokki.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Muude tuumamuudatuste seas on AES-i kr\u00fcpteerimiskupli lisamine, m\u00e4lu l\u00e4bilaskev\u00f5ime suurendamine, t\u00e4iustatud j\u00e4rgmise p\u00f5lvkonna andmete ettevalmistusmehhanism, mis v\u00f5imaldab suurendada energiat\u00f5husust ja samal ajal suurendada DRAM s\u00fcsteemi l\u00e4bilaskev\u00f5imet, vahem\u00e4lu optimeerimise ja nii edasi.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Suurim t\u00f5us on n\u00e4htav Cortex-A77-s t\u00e4isarvuliste operatsioonide ja ujukoma arvutustes. Seda kinnitavad ARM-i sisetestsid SPEC-is, mis n\u00e4itasid j\u00f5udluse kasvu 20 % ja 35 % vastavalt t\u00e4isarvulistes operatsioonides ja ujukoma arvutustes. M\u00e4lu l\u00e4bilaskev\u00f5ime parendused j\u00e4\u00e4vad kuskile 15\u201320 % vahele. Kokkuv\u00f5ttes annavad A77 optimeerimised ja muudatused keskmiselt 20-protsendilise j\u00f5udluse kasvu v\u00f5rreldes eelneva p\u00f5lvkonnaga. Uute tehnoloogiate, nagu 7 nm ULV, kaudu saame lisav\u00f5ite l\u00f5ppkiipides.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

ARM on v\u00e4lja t\u00f6\u00f6tanud Cortex-A77, et t\u00f6\u00f6tada koos 4+4 big.LITTLE konfiguratsiooniga (4 v\u00f5imsat tuuma ja 4 lihtsat energiat\u00f5husat tuuma). Kuid arvestades uue arhitektuuri suurenenud pinnaala, v\u00f5ivad paljud tootjad kokkuhoiuks esitada konfiguratsioonid 1+3+4 v\u00f5i 2+2+4, mida juba aktiivselt rakendatakse, kus ainult \u00fcks v\u00f5i kaks tuuma on t\u00e4iskohaga, mitte k\u00e4rbitud A77.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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Allikas: 3dnews.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ARM \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 — Cortex-A77. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 Cortex-A76, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0432 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445. \u0412 \u043d\u0451\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 (IPC). \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 Cortex-A76. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f ARM \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":26154,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47ARM esitles uut v\u00f5imsat CPU-tuuma \u2014 Cortex-A77 | ProHoster","description":"ARM tutvustas oma uusimat protsessori disaini \u2014 Cortex-A77. Nagu eelmise aasta Cortex-A76, on see tuum m\u00f5eldud tipptasemel \u00fclesannete t\u00e4itmiseks nutitelefonides ja erinevates seadmetes.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/arm-predstavila-novoe-moshhnoe-yadro-tsp-cortex-a77","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"et_EE","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47ARM \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0426\u041f \u2014 Cortex-A77 | ProHoster","og:description":"ARM \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u2014 Cortex-A77. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 Cortex-A76, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0432 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 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