{"id":36191,"date":"2019-10-31T22:10:11","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:10:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kak-korrektnye-otvety-respondentov-mogut-iskazit-rezultaty-oprosa-do-neuznavaemosti\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:10:11","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:10:11","slug":"kak-korrektnye-otvety-respondentov-mogut-iskazit-rezultaty-oprosa-do-neuznavaemosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/kak-korrektnye-otvety-respondentov-mogut-iskazit-rezultaty-oprosa-do-neuznavaemosti","title":{"rendered":"Kuidas v\u00f5ivad vastajate \"korrektsed\" vastused k\u00fcsitluse tulemusi moonutada kuni \u00e4ratuntavuse kadumiseni","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Uuringu l\u00e4biviimisel p\u00f6\u00f6ratakse suurt t\u00e4helepanu andmete kogumisele, seet\u00f5ttu, kui vastajad on oma vastused andnud, aktsepteeritakse neid a priori korrektsena ning selliste vastuste p\u00f5hjal koostatud aruanne peetakse objektiivseks. Siiski tekivad sageli olukorrad, kus \u00fche v\u00f5i teise vastuse p\u00f5hjalik uuring paljastab vastajate arusaamatuse k\u00fcsitluse s\u00f5nastusest v\u00f5i k\u00fcsimuste juhistest.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\n1.<\/b> Professionaalsete terminite v\u00f5i teatud s\u00f5nade arusaamatus. K\u00fcsimustikku koostades tasub arvesse v\u00f5tta, millistele vastajate r\u00fchmadele see on suunatud: osalejate vanus ja staatus, kas nad elavad suurlinnades v\u00f5i kaugemates asulates jne. Tuleb ettevaatlikult kasutada eritingimusi ja erinevat sl\u00e4ngi \u2013 mitte k\u00f5ik vastajad ei pruugi neid m\u00f5ista, ja mitte k\u00f5ik ei m\u00f5ista neid v\u00f5rdselt. Sageli ei sunni selline arusaamatus vastajat k\u00fcsitlusega katkestama (mis oleks loomulikult v\u00e4het soovitav) ning nad v\u00f5ivad vastata ka meelevaldselt (mis on veelgi v\u00e4hem soovitav, kuna moonutab andmeid).<\/p>\n

2.<\/b> M\u00f5istmise puudumine k\u00fcsimusest. Paljud teadlased on veendunud, et igal vastajal on iga k\u00fcsimuse kohta \u00fcheselt m\u00f5istetav ja selgelt s\u00f5nastatud arvamus. See ei ole t\u00f5si. M\u00f5nikord on k\u00fcsitletavatel raskusi k\u00fcsimusele vastamisega, kuna nad ei ole kunagi kogu teemast v\u00f5i selle aspektist p\u00f5hjalikult m\u00f5elnud. See raskus v\u00f5ib sundida vastajat k\u00fcsitlust katkestama v\u00f5i vastama t\u00e4iesti ebaselgelt. Aita k\u00fcsitletavatel k\u00fcsimustele vastata, s\u00f5nastades k\u00fcsimuse selgemalt ja pakkudes erinevaid vastusevalikuid.<\/p>\n

\"KuidasAllikas: news.sportbox.ru<\/i><\/p>\n

3.<\/b> K\u00fcsimustiku juhiste v\u00f5i \u00fcksikute k\u00fcsimuste arusaamatus. Nagu kogu k\u00fcsimustiku tekst, peavad juhiste s\u00f5nastused olema kohandatud k\u00f5igi eeldatavate vastajate r\u00fchmade jaoks. P\u00fc\u00fcdke v\u00e4ltida liiga paljusid k\u00fcsimusi, kus tuleb m\u00e4rkida konkreetne arv vastuseid (\u201eM\u00e4rkige kolm k\u00f5ige olulisemat...\u201c), v\u00f5i m\u00e4\u00e4rake k\u00f5ikides sarnastes k\u00fcsimustes sama arv vastuseid, mida tuleb m\u00e4rkida. Samuti on m\u00f5istlik l\u00fchendada keerulisi k\u00fcsimust\u00fc\u00fcpe (matriigid, j\u00e4rjestamine jne), asendades need lihtsamatega. Kui arvate, et vastajad v\u00f5ivad vastata k\u00fcsimustikule mobiiltelefonilt, p\u00fc\u00fcdke veelgi rohkem lihtsustada k\u00fcsitluse struktuuri.<\/p>\n

4.<\/b> Hinnanguskaala m\u00f5istmine. Kasutades k\u00fcsimustikus hinanguskaalat, selgitage vastajatele selle t\u00e4hendust, isegi kui see teie jaoks tundub ilmne. N\u00e4iteks tavaline skaalal 1 kuni 5 m\u00f5istetakse tavaliselt koolihindamise s\u00fcsteemi analoogiana, kuid m\u00f5nikord m\u00e4rkivad vastajad \u00ab1\u00bb, omistades sellele esimese koha t\u00e4henduse. S\u00f5nalistes skaalades on parem v\u00e4ltida subjektiivseid kriteeriume. N\u00e4iteks skaala \u00abkunagi - harva - m\u00f5nikord - sageli\u00bb on v\u00e4ga subjektiivne. Selle asemel tasub pakkuda konkreetseid v\u00e4\u00e4rtusi (nt \u00ab1 kord kuus\u00bb jne).<\/p>\n

5.<\/b> \u00dcldistavad positiivsed ja keskmised hinnangud. Vastajate kalduvus \u00fcldistavatele positiivsetele hinnangutele takistab sageli, n\u00e4iteks tarkvara kasutajate k\u00fcsitlustes ja muudes sarnastes uuringutes. Kui kasutaja on \u00fcldiselt rahul teie programmiga, on tal keeruline seda osadeks jagada ja eraldi hinnata isiku olukorda, uusi funktsioone jne. T\u00f5en\u00e4oliselt paneb ta igal pool k\u00f5rged punktid. Jah, k\u00fcsitluse tulemuste aruanne n\u00e4eb v\u00e4ga positiivne v\u00e4lja, kuid tulemused ei v\u00f5imalda olukorda t\u00f5eliselt hinnata.
\nKeskmised hinnangud takistavad sageli n\u00e4iteks 360-kraadise tagasiside andmist. T\u00f6\u00f6tegijad kalduvad hindama k\u00f5iki oskusi keskmiselt: kui suhe kolleegiga on positiivne, n\u00e4ete tulemustes k\u00f5rgendatud hindeid, kuid kui suhted kolleegiga on pingelised, siis isegi tema selgelt tugevad juhtimisomadused saavad alahinnatud. <\/p>\n

M\u00f5lemal juhul on m\u00f5istlik hoolikalt l\u00e4bi m\u00f5elda vastusevariandid, asendades tuttavad hinded \u00fcksikasjalike s\u00f5naliste vastustega iga k\u00fcsimuse jaoks.<\/p>\n

6.<\/b> Arvamuste manipuleerimine. See punkt erineb eelnevatest, kuna teadlased suunavad teadlikult vastajaid kasulikele vastustele, et saavutada \u00ab edukas \u00bb aruanne. Sageli kasutatakse selleks manipuleerimise viise nagu valiku illusioon ja positiivsete omaduste esitlemine. Tavaliselt ei m\u00f5tle juhid, kes uurivad k\u00fcsitlust positiivset tulemust, andmete t\u00f5lgendamise \u00f5igusele. Kuid tasub objektiivselt vaadata ankeedi enda peale: milline on selle loogika, kas ankeedil on kindel joon, ja kas positiivsed ja negatiivsed vastusevariandid on \u00fchtlaselt jaotatud. Veel \u00fcks levinud meetod andmete \u00ab venitajaks \u00bb tegemisel on m\u00f5istete asendamine. N\u00e4iteks, kui enamik t\u00f6\u00f6tajaid hindas uut preemias\u00fcsteemi \u00ab rahuldavaks \u00bb, v\u00f5ib aruandes olla kajastatud, et \u00ab enamiku ettev\u00f5tte t\u00f6\u00f6tajate rahulolu uue preemias\u00fcsteemiga \u00bb.
\n
Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Siiski tekivad tihti olukorrad, kus \u00fcksikute vastuste p\u00f5hjalikumal vaatlemisel ilmnevad k\u00fcsitletud isikute arusaamised k\u00fcsitluse s\u00f5nastusest v\u00f5i k\u00fcsimuste juhistest. 1. 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