{"id":36737,"date":"2019-10-31T22:13:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:13:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kak-my-testirovali-neskolko-baz-dannyh-vremennyh-ryadov\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:13:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:13:29","slug":"kak-my-testirovali-neskolko-baz-dannyh-vremennyh-ryadov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-my-testirovali-neskolko-baz-dannyh-vremennyh-ryadov","title":{"rendered":"Kuidas me testisime mitmeid ajareadade andmebaase","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kuidas me testisime mitmeid ajareadade andmebaase\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/14e07eac02df8d1276c46c33276d8a26.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nViimastel aastatel on ajareaktsioonide andmebaasid muutunud haruldasest n\u00e4htusest (spetsialiseeritud peamiselt kas avatud seire-s\u00fcsteemides v\u00f5i Big Data projektides) \u201erahvatooteks\u201c. Venemaal on selle eest erilised t\u00e4nud Jaandekse ja ClickHouse\u2019i suunas. Enne seda, kui teil oli vajalik salvestada suur hulk ajareaktsioonide andmeid, pidi olema kas valmis \u00fcles t\u00f5stma monstratiivse Hadoopi virna ja seda haldama v\u00f5i suhtlema teie s\u00fcsteemile individuaalsete protokollidega. <\/p>\n<p>V\u00f5ib tunduda, et 2019. aastal koosneks artikkel sellest, millist TSDB-d kasutada, ainult \u00fchest lausest: \u201elihtsalt kasutage ClickHouse\u2019i\u201c. Kuid... on n\u00fcansse. <\/p>\n<p>\u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, ClickHouse \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0442, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0438 \u043c\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 ClickHouse&#8217;\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0442\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435\/\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f? <\/p>\n<p>Eelmisel aastal alustasime oma seire-s\u00fcsteemi \u00fcmberdisainimist, mille k\u00e4igus t\u00f5usis k\u00fcsimus sobiva andmebaasi valimise \u00fcle. Soovin jagada siin selle valiku ajalugu.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h4>\u00dclesande seadmine<\/h4>\n<p>\nK\u00f5igepealt \u2014 vajalik eelkommendi. Miks me vajame omamoodi seire-s\u00fcsteemi ja kuidas see toimis?<\/p>\n<p>Alustasime tugiteenuste osutamist 2008. aastal, ja 2010. aastaks sai selgeks, et klientide infrastruktuuridest saadud andmete kogumine olemasolevate lahendustega (me r\u00e4\u00e4gime, palun, Cacti\u2019st, Zabbixist ja tekkivast Graphitest) muutus keeruliseks.<\/p>\n<p>Meie peamised n\u00f5uded olid:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>toetamine (sel hetkel \u2014 k\u00fcmnete, tulevikus \u2014 sadade) klientide raamistikus ja samas keskline teavitamiss\u00fcsteem;<\/li>\n<li>paindlikkus teavitamiss\u00fcsteemi haldamisel (teavituste eskaleerimine vahetult vastutajate vahel, ajakava arvestamine, teadmusbaas);<\/li>\n<li>v\u00f5imalus detailseks graafikute detailimiseks (Zabbix joonistas sel hetkel graafikuid piltidena);<\/li>\n<li>pikaajaline suurte andmehulkade s\u00e4ilitamine (aasta v\u00f5i rohkem) ja nende kiire leidmine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nK\u00e4esolevas artiklis huvitab meid viimane punkt.<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e4\u00e4kides salvestusest, olid n\u00f5uded j\u00e4rgmised:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>s\u00fcsteem peab kiiresti t\u00f6\u00f6tama;<\/li>\n<li>soovitav on, et s\u00fcsteemil oleks SQL-liides;<\/li>\n<li>s\u00fcsteem peab olema stabiilne ning tal olema aktiivne kasutajabaas ja tugi (oleme kunagi pidanud toetama selliseid s\u00fcsteeme nagu MemcacheDB, mida enam ei arendatud, v\u00f5i jaotatud salvestust MooseFS, mille bug tracker oli hiina keeles: me ei tahtnud oma projektiga seda ajalugu korrata);<\/li>\n<li>CAP-teoreemi j\u00e4rgimine: Consistency (vajalik) \u2014 andmed peavad olema ajakohased, me ei soovi, et teavitushalduss\u00fcsteem ei saaks uusi andmeid ja annaks h\u00e4ireid, et andmeid ei ole j\u00f5udnud k\u00f5igisse projektidesse; Partition Tolerance (vajalik) \u2014 me ei soovi saada Split Brain s\u00fcsteemi; Availability (ei ole kriitiline, kui olemas on aktiivne koopia) \u2014 saame ise l\u00fclituda varus\u00fcsteemile, kui juhtub avarii, koodiga.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nOmeti, kummalisel kombel, oli sel hetkel meie jaoks ideaalne lahendus MySQL. Meie andmestruktuur oli \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt lihtne: serveri id, arvesti id, timestamp ja v\u00e4\u00e4rtus; kiire kuumade andmete valik tagati suure buffer pool'i suuruse, ajalooliste andmete valik \u2014 SSD.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kuidas me testisime mitmeid ajareadade andmebaase\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/555bff26c74badf85131c4d9198871af.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nNii saavutasime v\u00e4rskete kahe n\u00e4dala andmete valiku, sekundi detailsusega 200 ms enne andmete t\u00e4ielikku joonistamist, ja elasime selles s\u00fcsteemis \u00fcsna kaua.<\/p>\n<p>Vahepeal m\u00f6\u00f6dus aeg ja andmete hulk kasvas. 2016. aastaks ulatus andmehulk k\u00fcmnete terabaitideni, mis renditud SSD-salvestuste puhul oli m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rne kulu.<\/p>\n<p>Selleks ajaks oli suurenenud kolonnandmebaaside levik, mille \u00fcle hakkasime aktiivselt m\u00f5tlema: kolonnandmebaasides hoitakse andmeid, nagu v\u00f5ime aru saada, kolonnide kaupa, ja kui vaadata meie andmeid, on lihtne n\u00e4ha suurt hulka dublette, mida v\u00f5iks kolonnandmebaasi kasutamisel tihendamisega kokku suruda.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kuidas me testisime mitmeid ajareadade andmebaase\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/2e1a6010fcb09de8cd28ec826752d160.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nSiiski t\u00f6\u00f6tas ettev\u00f5tte jaoks v\u00f5tmes\u00fcsteem stabiilselt edasi ja ei olnud soovi katsetada millegi teisega \u00fcleminekut.<\/p>\n<p>2017. aastal toimunud Percona Live konverentsil San Jos\u00e9's teatas esmakordselt endast Clickhouse'i arendajad. Esmapilgul n\u00e4is s\u00fcsteem tootmisvalmis olevat (noh, Yandex.Metrika \u2014 see on karm tootmine), tugi oli kiire ja lihtne ning mis k\u00f5ige t\u00e4htsam, haldamine oli lihtne. Alates 2018. aastast alustasime \u00fclemineku protsessi. Kuid toona oli palju 'k\u00fcpseid' ja ajaga proovitud TSDB-s\u00fcsteeme ning otsustasime eraldada m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rse aja alternatiivide v\u00f5rdlemiseks, et veenduda, et meie n\u00f5uetega vastavaid alternatiive Clickhouse'ile ei ole.<\/p>\n<p>Lisaks juba mainitud n\u00f5uetele andmete hoidmiseks ilmusid uued:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>uus s\u00fcsteem peab tagama v\u00e4hemalt sama j\u00f5udluse nagu MySQL, samade riistvararessursside juures;<\/li>\n<li>uue s\u00fcsteemi andmehoidla maht peab olema oluliselt v\u00e4iksem;<\/li>\n<li>Andmebaas peab endiselt olema lihtne hallata;<\/li>\n<li>soovisime, et rakendust oleks minimaalne muuta andmebaasi vahetusel.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Milliseid s\u00fcsteeme hakkasime vaatama<\/h4>\n<p>\n<b><u>Apache Hive\/Apache Impala<\/u><\/b><br \/>\nK\u00fcps ja laialdaselt testitud Hadoopi tehnoloogiast. Tegelikult on see SQL-liides, mis on \u00fcles ehitatud andmete hoidmisele oma formaatides HDFS-is. <\/p>\n<p>Plussid.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Stabiilses t\u00f6\u00f6korralduses on andmete skaleerimine v\u00e4ga lihtne.<\/li>\n<li>On olemas veergude lahendused andmete hoidmiseks (v\u00e4hem ruumi).<\/li>\n<li>Paralleelsete \u00fclesannete t\u00e4itmine on ressursside olemasolul v\u00e4ga kiire.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nMiinused.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>See on Hadoop ja selle kasutamine on keeruline. Kui me ei ole valmis kasutama valmislahendust pilves (ja me ei ole hinna t\u00f5ttu valmis), on kogu tehnoloogiaadministraatorite k\u00e4tesse kokku koguda ja hallata ning seda ei oleks me v\u00e4ga soovinud.<\/li>\n<li>Andmed koondatakse <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.percona.com\/blog\/2014\/04\/21\/using-apache-hadoop-and-impala-together-with-mysql-for-data-analysis\/\">t\u00f5eliselt kiiresti<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nSiiski:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kuidas me testisime mitmeid ajareadade andmebaase\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/6baa1b6024def8c1c7518ef386cfc8d3.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nKiirus saavutatakse arvutusserverite arvu skaleerimisega. Teisis\u00f5nu, kui me oleme suur ettev\u00f5te, tegeleme anal\u00fc\u00fctikaga ja \u00e4ri jaoks on kriitiliselt oluline maksimumkiirusel teavet koondada (isegi kui see t\u00e4hendab suurt hulka arvutusressursse), v\u00f5ib see olla meie valik. Kuid me ei olnud valmis oluliselt suurendama riistvara parki \u00fclesannete t\u00e4itmise kiiruse nimel.<\/p>\n<p><b><u>Druid\/Pinot<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n<p>Oleme juba palju l\u00e4hemal konkreetselt TSDB-le, kuid j\u00e4lle - Hadoopi tehnoloogia.<\/p>\n<p>Jah <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@leventov\/comparison-of-the-open-source-olap-systems-for-big-data-clickhouse-druid-and-pinot-8e042a5ed1c7\">suurep\u00e4rane artikkel, mis v\u00f5rdleb Druid'i ja Pinot'i plusse ja miinuseid ClickHouse'iga <\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0445: Druid\/Pinot \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 Clickhouse&#8217;\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Teie andmed on heterogeensed (meie puhul salvestame ainult serveri m\u00f5\u00f5dikute ajaseeriaid ning see on sisuliselt \u00fcks tabel. Ent v\u00f5ivad olla ka teised juhtumid: seadmete ajaseeriad, majanduslikud ajaseeriad jne \u2014 iga\u00fchel oma struktuur, mida tuleb kokku koguda ja t\u00f6\u00f6delda).<\/li>\n<li>Samuti on neid andmeid v\u00e4ga palju.<\/li>\n<li>Tabelid ja ajaseeriad tulevad ja kaovad (see t\u00e4hendab, et mingisugune andmekogum saabub, seda anal\u00fc\u00fcsitakse ja seej\u00e4rel kustutatakse).<\/li>\n<li>Pole selget kriteeriumi, mille alusel andmeid partitsioneerida.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nVastupidistes juhtudel t\u00f6\u00f6tab ClickHouse paremini, see kehtib meie kohta.<\/p>\n<p><b><u>ClickHouse<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>SQL-sarnane.<\/li>\n<li>Lihtne hallata.<\/li>\n<li>Inimesed \u00fctlevad, et see toimib.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nJ\u00f5uab testimise l\u00fchinimekirja.<\/p>\n<p><b><u>InfluxDB<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 ClickHouse&#8217;\u0443. \u0418\u0437 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0432: High Availability \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<p>J\u00f5uab testimise l\u00fchinimekirja.<\/p>\n<p><b><u>Cassandra<\/u><\/b> <\/p>\n<p>\u00dchest k\u00fcljest teame, et seda kasutatakse m\u00f5\u00f5tmisajaseeriate salvestamiseks sellistes monitooringus\u00fcsteemides nagu n\u00e4iteks, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.signalfx.com\/blog\/making-cassandra-perform-as-a-tsdb\/\">SignalFX<\/a><\/noindex> v\u00f5i OkMeter. Siiski on siin omad erip\u00e4rad.<\/p>\n<p>Cassandra ei ole kolonnibaas andmebaas traditsioonilises m\u00f5ttes. See n\u00e4eb pigem v\u00e4lja nagu rea-aga igas reas v\u00f5ib olla erinev arv veerge, millega on lihtne korraldada kolonnide esitamist. Sel moel on m\u00f5istetav, et 2 miljardi veeru piiri korral on v\u00f5imalik salvestada andmeid just veergude kaupa (n\u00e4iteks samu ajaseeriesid). N\u00e4iteks MySQL-is on piirm\u00e4\u00e4raks 4096 veergu ja seal v\u00f5ivad kergesti esineda vead koodiga 1117, kui proovitakse teha sama.<\/p>\n<p>Cassandra mootor on suunatud suurte andmehulkade salvestamisele jaotatud s\u00fcsteemis ilma peamasterita, ning eelnevalt mainitud CAP-teoorias kaldub Cassandra rohkem AP-ile, st andmete k\u00e4ttesaadavusele ja partitsioonide jagunemise taluvusele. Seet\u00f5ttu sobib see t\u00f6\u00f6riist suurep\u00e4raselt, kui on vaja ainult kirjutada sellesse andmebaasi ja harva lugeda. Siin on loogiline kasutada Cassandrat kui \u201ek\u00fclma\u201c salvestust. See t\u00e4hendab, et tegemist on pikaajalise usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rse kohaga suurte ajalooliste andmehulkade s\u00e4ilitamiseks, mis on harva vajalikud, kuid kui vaja, saab neid k\u00e4tte. Siiski, t\u00e4ielikkuse huvides testime seda ka. Kuid nagu ma varem \u00fctlesin, ei ole soovi aktiivselt koodi valitud andmebaasi lahenduse j\u00e4rgi \u00fcmber kirjutada, seega testime seda veidi piiratud viisil \u2014 ilma andmebaasi struktuuri kohandamiseta Cassandra spetsiifilistele omadustele.<\/p>\n<p><b><u>Prometheus<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n<p>No ja juba huvi p\u00e4rast otsustasime testida Prometheuse salvestusv\u00f5imekust \u2014 lihtsalt selleks, et m\u00f5ista, kas oleme kiiremad v\u00f5i aeglasemad kui meie praegused lahendused ja kui palju.<\/p>\n<h4>Testimise metoodika ja tulemused<\/h4>\n<p>\nNii, testisime 5 andmebaasi j\u00e4rgmistes 6 konfiguratsioonis: ClickHouse (1 s\u00f5lm), ClickHouse (jaotatud tabel 3 s\u00f5lmega), InfluxDB, Mysql 8, Cassandra (3 s\u00f5lme) ja Prometheus. Testimise plaan on j\u00e4rgmine:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>laadime n\u00e4dalase ajaloolise andmesisalduse (840 miljonit v\u00e4\u00e4rtust p\u00e4evas; 208 tuhat m\u00f5\u00f5dikut);<\/li>\n<li>genereerime kirjutuskoormust (vaatasime 6 koormuse re\u017eiimi, vt allpool);<\/li>\n<li>samuti teeme perioodiliselt valimisi kirjutamise ajal, simuleerides kasutaja p\u00e4ringute tegemist, kes t\u00f6\u00f6tab diagrammidega. Liialt keeruliseks minemata valisime andmed 10 m\u00f5\u00f5diku kohta (just nii palju neid CPU diagrammil on) n\u00e4dalaks.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nKoormame, simuleerides meie monitooringu agendi k\u00e4itumist, kes saadab iga m\u00f5\u00f5diku v\u00e4\u00e4rtused iga 15 sekundi tagant. Sellega seoses on meil huvi varieerida:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>m\u00f5\u00f5dikutega, kuhu andmeid kirjutatakse;<\/li>\n<li>v\u00e4\u00e4rtuste edastamise intervalli \u00fchte m\u00f5\u00f5dikut;<\/li>\n<li>partii suurust.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPartii suurusest. Kuna peaaegu k\u00f5ik meie katseandmebaasid ei soovita koormata \u00fcksikute sissekannetega, on meil vaja relaat, mis kogub saabuvad m\u00f5\u00f5dikud ja grupeerib need mingisuguste j\u00e4rgi ning kirjutab need andmebaasi partii sissekandega.<\/p>\n<p>Samuti, et paremini m\u00f5ista, kuidas hiljem saadud andmeid t\u00f5lgendada, kujutame ette, et me ei saada lihtsalt kuhja m\u00f5\u00f5dikuid, vaid m\u00f5\u00f5dikud on korraldatud serverite kaupa \u2014 125 m\u00f5\u00f5dikut serveri kohta. Siin on server lihtsalt virtuaalne entiteet \u2014 lihtsalt selleks, et m\u00f5ista, et n\u00e4iteks 10000 m\u00f5\u00f5dikut vastavad umbes 80 serverile.<\/p>\n<p>Nii et silmas pidades meie kuut kirjutamisre\u017eiimi koormust:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kuidas me testisime mitmeid ajareadade andmebaase\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/3ba70050dc7e711cb8f3d14ac1a6707b.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nSiin on kaks aspekti. Esiteks, Cassandra jaoks olid sellised partiide suurused liiga suured, seal kasutasime v\u00e4\u00e4rtusi 50 v\u00f5i 100. Teiseks, kuna Prometheus t\u00f6\u00f6tab rangelt pull-re\u017eiimis, st see l\u00e4heb ise ja v\u00f5tab andmeid m\u00f5\u00f5dikute allikatest (isegi pushgateway, vaatamata oma nimele, ei muuda olukorda), siis vastavad koormused olid realiseeritud statiilsete konfiguratsioonide kombinatsiooniga.<\/p>\n<p>Testimise tulemused on j\u00e4rgmised:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kuidas me testisime mitmeid ajareadade andmebaase\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/9df12bee66ad8c5df720ba08472efead.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kuidas me testisime mitmeid ajareadade andmebaase\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/891090bf0461c7e3c48e38eb36f9e217.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kuidas me testisime mitmeid ajareadade andmebaase\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/137f944b3578ab5bad4ebc5fa6f96b79.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Mida tasub m\u00e4rkida<\/b>: \u0444\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437 Prometheus&#8217;a, \u0443\u0436\u0430\u0441\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437 Cassandra, \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437 InfluxDB; \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b ClickHouse, \u0430 Prometheus \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u044b \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u043c.<\/p>\n<p><u><b>Kokkuv\u00f5ttes<\/b><\/u>: \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438 ClickHouse \u0438 InfluxDB, \u043d\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0438\u0437 Influx\u2019\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 Enterprise-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433, \u0430 ClickHouse \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u041b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0439, \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443 inInfluxDB, \u0430 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u2014 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443 ClickHouse&#8217;\u0430.<br \/>\n<br \/>Allikas: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/itsumma\/blog\/462111\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0417\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u0432 (Time-series databases) \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u0442\u0443\u043a\u0438 (\u0443\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 (\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c), \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0432 Big Data \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445) \u0432 \u00ab\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00bb. \u041d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0420\u0424 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u042f\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443 \u0438 ClickHouse\u2019\u0443. \u0414\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":27518,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36737","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0417\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u044b.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-my-testirovali-neskolko-baz-dannyh-vremennyh-ryadov\" \/>\n\t<meta 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