{"id":37376,"date":"2019-10-31T22:17:16","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/opticheskij-telegraf-svch-set-i-bashnya-tesly-neobychnye-vyshki-svyazi\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:17:16","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:16","slug":"opticheskij-telegraf-svch-set-i-bashnya-tesly-neobychnye-vyshki-svyazi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/opticheskij-telegraf-svch-set-i-bashnya-tesly-neobychnye-vyshki-svyazi","title":{"rendered":"Optiline telegraaf, mikrolainev\u00f5rk ja Tesla torn: ebatavalised side tornid","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Optiline
\n
\nMe k\u00f5ik oleme harjunud, et side tornid ja mastid n\u00e4evad igavad v\u00f5i inetud v\u00e4lja. \u00d5nneks on ajaloos olnud \u2014 ja on praegugi \u2014 huvitavaid ja ebatavalisi n\u00e4iteid neist, \u00fcldiselt utilitaarsetest ehitistest. Oleme kogunud v\u00e4ikese valiku side torne, mis on meile eriti t\u00e4helepanuv\u00e4\u00e4rsed.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Stockholmi torn<\/h1>\n

\nAlustame meie valiku k\u00f5ige ebatavalisema ja vanima konstruktsiooni \u2014 \u00ab\u00e4ssaga\u00bb. Seda on isegi raske nimetada \u00abtorniks\u00bb. 1887. aastal ehitati Stockholmis ruudukujuline terastorn. Nurkades tornikestega, lipuvarde ja dekoratsioonidega \u00fcmber \u2014 ilu!<\/p>\n

\"Optiline
\n
\n\"Optiline
\n
\nTorn n\u00e4gi talvel eriti maagiline v\u00e4lja, kui juhtmed olid j\u00e4\u00e4s:<\/p>\n

\"Optiline
\n
\n\"Optiline
\n
\n1913. aastal lakkas torn olemast telefonikeskus, kuid seda ei demonteeritud ja j\u00e4eti linna m\u00e4lestusm\u00e4rgiks. Kahjuks juhtus 40 aastat hiljem hoones tulekahju ja torn tuli \u00e4ra v\u00f5tta.<\/p>\n

Mikrolainev\u00f5rk<\/h1>\n

\n1948. aastal k\u00e4ivitas Ameerika ettev\u00f5te AT&T kallis projekti mikrolainete raadioreleede v\u00f5rgustiku loomiseks. 1951. aastal alustati 107 tornist koosneva v\u00f5rgu kasutusele v\u00f5tmist. Esmakordselt oli v\u00f5imalik teha telefonik\u00f5nesid \u00fcle kogu riigi ja edastada TV-signaali ainult \"\u00f5hu kaudu\", ilma juhtmeta. Nende antennide lehtrid meenutavad millegagi grammofone v\u00f5i disainikolonne, mis on loodud tagurpidi lehtri skeemi j\u00e4rgi.<\/p>\n

Kuid hiljem j\u00e4eti v\u00f5rgustik k\u00f5rvale, sest mikrolainete raadioside asemel tuli optiline kiud. Tornide saatus kujunes erinevaks: m\u00f5ned roostetavad kasutult, teised on l\u00f5hutud rauaks, m\u00f5ned kasutavad v\u00e4iksemad ettev\u00f5tted suhtluseks; m\u00f5ned tornid kasutavad kohalikud elanikud oma vajaduste jaoks.<\/p>\n

\"Optiline
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\n\"Optiline
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\n\"Optiline
\n<\/p>\n

Wordencliffi torn<\/h1>\n

\nNikola Tesla oli geenius ja t\u00f5en\u00e4oliselt alahinnatud. V\u00f5ib-olla ei puudunud seal ka karvane hullumeelsus. V\u00f5ib-olla, kui investorid teda ei petnud, oleks ta v\u00f5inud ajalukku minna kui inimene, kes muutis kogu inimkonna elu. Kuid n\u00fc\u00fcd saab sellest vaid oletada.<\/p>\n

1901. aastal alustas Tesla Wardencliffi torni ehitamist, mis pidi olema aluseks transatlantilisele sidejoonele. Samuti soovis Tesla selle abil t\u00f5estada juhtmevaba elektri\u00fclekande p\u00f5him\u00f5ttelist v\u00f5imalikkust \u2014 leiutaja unistas luua \u00fclemaailmset elektri, raadioteabe ja raadiov\u00f5rgu edastamise s\u00fcsteemi. Kahjuks olid tema ambitsioonid vastuolus tema enda investorite \u00e4rihuvidega, mist\u00f5ttu l\u00f5petasid nad lihtsalt finansierimise, mille t\u00f5ttu projekti tuli 1905. aastal sulgeda.<\/p>\n

Torn ehitati Tesla laboratooriumi l\u00e4hedale:<\/p>\n

\"Optiline
\n
\nKahjuks ei ole geeniuse looming t\u00e4nap\u00e4evani s\u00e4ilinud \u2014 torn lammutati 1917. aastal.<\/p>\n

Kolmjalgne hiiglane<\/h1>\n

\nEnt see torn elab ja tegutseb, on aktiivselt kasutusel ja toob kasu. 298 meetri k\u00f5rgune konstruktsioon on ehitatud San Francisco m\u00e4ele. See valmis 1973. aastal ja kasutatakse t\u00e4naseni tele- ja raadiovaatamiseks. Kuni 2017. aastani oli Sutro torn (Sutro) linna k\u00f5rgeim arhitektuuriobjekt.<\/p>\n

\"Optiline
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\nPildi kl\u00f5psamisel avaneb t\u00e4issuuruses foto:<\/p>\n

\"Optiline<\/a><\/noindex>
\nVaade San Franciscost tornilt:<\/p>\n

\"Optiline
\n<\/p>\n

Madalas vees<\/h1>\n

\nKordagi Ameerika \u00dchendriigid ehitasid Mehhiko lahte mitu raadioside jaama.<\/p>\n

\"Optiline
\nOtse p\u00f5hjas, madalas vees paigaldati betoonalustele terasest jalad ning vee kohal k\u00f5rguvad saledad antennide mastid koos seadmete platvormidega, millele mahub v\u00e4ike majake. V\u00e4ga ebatavaline vaatepilt \u2014 meres k\u00f5rguv \u00f5huline mast.<\/p>\n

\"Optiline
\nNagu see tavaliselt juhtub, on sidetehnoloogia areng teinud masti ebavajalikuks, ning t\u00e4na ei tea s\u00f5jav\u00e4gi, mida nendega teha: kas l\u00f5igata need maha, v\u00f5i uppuda, v\u00f5i j\u00e4tta need nii nagu nad on. Huvi pakub, et aastate jooksul on antennid muutunud omamoodi kunstlike rifideks koos oma pisikeste \u00f6kos\u00fcsteemidega, ja nendele on endale leidnud koha meres\u00f5itjad ja sukeldumise armastajad, kes on isegi esitanud petitsioon, et masti ei h\u00e4vitaks.<\/p>\n

\"Optiline
\n\"Optiline
\n\"Optiline<\/p>\n

Kuni raadio<\/h1>\n

\nJa l\u00f5petuseks tahame r\u00e4\u00e4kida kahe prantslase, vendade Chappe leiutisest. 1792. aastal demonstreerisid nad nn \"semafori\" - v\u00e4ikese torniga, millel oli p\u00f6\u00f6rlev horisontaalne vars, mille otstes asusid samuti p\u00f6\u00f6rlevad pulgad. Vendade Chappe ettepanek koodida t\u00e4hestiku t\u00e4hed ja numbrid algas selle pulga ja pulkade erinevate asendite abil.<\/p>\n

\"Optiline
\n
\nPulki ja vart tuli keerata k\u00e4sitsi. T\u00e4na tundub see k\u00f5ik \u00fclimalt aeglane ja ebamugav, peale selle oli sellel s\u00fcsteemil t\u00f5sine puudus: see s\u00f5ltus t\u00e4ielikult ilmast ja p\u00e4evavalgusest. Kuid 18. sajandi l\u00f5pus oli see suurep\u00e4rane edasiminek - linnade vahel l\u00fchikesi s\u00f5numeid sai edastada umbes 20 minutiga torni s\u00fcsteemi kaudu.<\/p>\n

\"Optiline
\nJuba 19. sajandi keskpaiku olid k\u00f5ik optilised telegraafid - sealhulgas variandid, mis kasutasid valgussignaale - asendatud elektrilise, juhtmega telegraafiga. M\u00f5nedes arhitektuuri m\u00e4lestistes on siiani s\u00e4ilinud tornid, kus enne asusid semaforitorni. N\u00e4iteks Talvepalee katusele.
\n
Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Oleme kogunud v\u00e4ikese valiku side tornidest, mis tundusid meile eriti t\u00e4helepanuv\u00e4\u00e4rsed. Stockholmi torn Alustame \u201e\u00e4ssast\u201d \u2014 k\u00f5ige ebatavalisemast ja vanimast konstruktsioonist.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/opticheskij-telegraf-svch-set-i-bashnya-tesly-neobychnye-vyshki-svyazi","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"et_EE","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, \u0421\u0412\u0427-\u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044f \u0422\u0435\u0441\u043b\u044b: 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