{"id":37655,"date":"2019-10-31T22:18:51","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:18:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/live-distributiv-knoppix-posle-4h-let-ispolzovaniya-otkazalsya-ot-systemd\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:18:51","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:18:51","slug":"live-distributiv-knoppix-posle-4h-let-ispolzovaniya-otkazalsya-ot-systemd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/live-distributiv-knoppix-posle-4h-let-ispolzovaniya-otkazalsya-ot-systemd","title":{"rendered":"Live Knoppixi jaotamine loobus systemd-st p\u00e4rast 4-aastast kasutamist.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

P\u00e4rast nelja aastat systemd-i kasutamist eemaldas Debianil p\u00f5hinev Knoppixi distributsioon vaidlusi tekitava alglaadimiss\u00fcsteemi.<\/i><\/p>\n

Sellel p\u00fchap\u00e4eval (18. augustil *<\/b>) ilmus Knoppixi populaarse Linuxi distributsiooni versioon 8.6, mis p\u00f5hineb Debiani peal. V\u00e4ljalaske aluseks on 9. juulil ilmunud Debian 10 (Buster), koos mitmete pakettidega testimis- ja ebastabiilsetest harudest, et tagada uute graafikakaartide tugi. Knoppix on \u00fcks esimesi live-CD Linuxi distributsioone ja on siiani suurte entusiastide seas populaarne.<\/p>\n

Knoppix 8.6 v\u00e4ljalase \u2014 esimene avalik versioon jaotust, mis loobus systemd-st, Lennart Poetteringi poolt Red Hat'is v\u00e4lja t\u00f6\u00f6tatud alglaadimisseerias, mis pidi asendama sysvinit. Kuigi systemd kohandamine oli vastuoluline ja kritiseeritud, on systemd hetkel peamine valik mainstream'is. Kasutatakse upstream Knoppix'is \u2014 Debianis; RHEL, CentOS ja Fedora; openSUSE ja SLES, samuti Mageia ja Arch.<\/p>\n

Rahulolematuste p\u00f5hjused systemd osas on peamiselt seotud nende funktsioonide \u00fcleliigsusega, mida alams\u00fcsteem omaks v\u00f5tab, kuna projekt ei vasta Unix'i p\u00f5hifilosoofiale \u2018tee \u00fcks asi ja tee see h\u00e4sti\u2019. Teised aspektid, nagu kahes formaadis logid (erinevalt inimesele loetavatest tekstiloggidest), on samuti kriitika all.<\/p>\n

Tehniliselt oli Knoppixi esimene versioon, mis eemaldas systemd, 8.5; kuid see versioon levitati eksklusiivselt koos tr\u00fckitud v\u00e4ljaannete Linux Magazine Germany, varasemal aastal, ja ei olnud avalikult allalaaditav. Knoppixi looja Klaus Knopper kirjutas l\u00fchidalt otsusest eemaldada systemd selle versiooni puhul (saksakeelsest t\u00f5lkest, lingid lisatud konteksti jaoks):<\/p>\n

\u2018Endiselt vastuoluline start-up systemd, mis hiljuti tekitas pahameelt seoses turvaaukradega<\/a>, integreeriti Debianisse alates versioonist 8.0 (Jessie) ja eemaldati alates Knoppix versioonist 8.5. Olen \u00fcletanud s\u00fcsteemi k\u00e4ivitusest tulenevad ranged s\u00f5ltuvused oma pakettidega (parandustega *<\/b>).<\/p>\n

Selleks, et s\u00e4ilitada systemd-sarnane sessioonihaldus ja seel\u00e4bi s\u00e4ilitada tavakasutaja v\u00f5ime s\u00fcsteemi sulgeda ja taask\u00e4ivitada, kasutasin sessioonihaldurit elogind. See v\u00f5imaldas v\u00e4ltida systemd sekkumist paljude s\u00fcsteemikomponentide juurde ja v\u00e4hendada s\u00fcsteemi \u00fcldist keerukust. Kui peate k\u00e4ivitama oma teenuseid s\u00fcsteemi k\u00e4ivitamisel, ei pea te looma mingeid systemd \u00fcksusi, lihtsalt kirjutage oma teenused tekstifaili \/etc\/rc.local, mis sisaldab n\u00e4iteid koos selgitustega.\u2019<\/p>\n

<\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Knoppix kasutas systemd-d 2014. aastast 2019. aastani, olles teine v\u00e4ga l\u00fchikeses jaotuste nimekirjas, mis integreeris seej\u00e4rel loobus systemd-st \u2014 Void Linux on esimesena sellises nimekirjas. Samuti loodi 2016. aastal Debianist fork \u2014 Devuan, mis p\u00f5hines systemd-vabas filosoofias. (On olemas sarnane fork Arch Linuxist \u2014 Artix, mis kasutab openRC-d. *<\/b>)<\/p>\n

Knoppix sisaldab ka s\u00fcsteemi inimesele, kellel on piiratud v\u00f5imekus, ADRIANE (Audio Desktop Reference Implementation And Networking Environment), mis on \u2018k\u00f5ne men\u00fc\u00fc s\u00fcsteem, mille eesm\u00e4rk on lihtsustada t\u00f6\u00f6tamist ja internetti juurdep\u00e4\u00e4su arvutikasutajatele isegi siis, kui nad ei n\u00e4e arvuti ekraani\u2019, valikuliselt sisaldab Compiz'i p\u00f5hist ekraaniloope.<\/p>\n

* \u2014 t\u00f5lkija m\u00e4rk.<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/noindex><\/p>\n

Allikas: linux.org.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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