{"id":37957,"date":"2019-10-31T22:20:50","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:20:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/mini-intervyu-olega-anastaseva-otkazoustojchivost-v-apache-cassandra\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:20:50","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:20:50","slug":"mini-intervyu-olega-anastaseva-otkazoustojchivost-v-apache-cassandra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/administrirovanie\/mini-intervyu-olega-anastaseva-otkazoustojchivost-v-apache-cassandra","title":{"rendered":"Miniekspert Oleg Anastasjev: talitavus Apache Cassandra's","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Miniekspert
\n
\nOdnoklassniki on suurim Apache Cassandra kasutaja Venemere piirkonnas ja \u00fcks suurimaid maailmas. Alustasime Cassandra kasutamist 2010. aastal fotode hindade salvestamiseks, ja praegu hallatakse Cassandra all petabaitide andmeid tuhandetes s\u00f5lmedes, lisaks on me isegi v\u00e4lja t\u00f6\u00f6tanud oma NewSQL tehinguandmebaas<\/a><\/noindex>.
\n12. septembril korraldame oma Peterburi kontoris teisest koosolekust, mis on p\u00fchendatud Apache Cassandra'le<\/a><\/noindex>. Peaesinejaks on Odnoklassniki peainsener Oleg Anastasjev. Oleg on ekspert hajutatud ja talitavatetes s\u00fcsteemides, ta on t\u00f6\u00f6tanud Cassandraga juba \u00fcle 10 aasta ning on korduvalt r\u00e4\u00e4kinud selle toote kasutamise erip\u00e4radest konverentsidel<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

Koosoleku eel r\u00e4\u00e4kisime Olegiga hajutatud s\u00fcsteemide talitavusest Cassandra abil, uurisime, millest ta koosolekul r\u00e4\u00e4gib ja miks tasub sellele \u00fcritusele tulla.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nOleg alustas oma programmeerijakarj\u00e4\u00e4ri 1995. aastal. Ta arendas tarkvara panganduses, telekommunikatsioonis ja transpordis. Alates 2007. aastast t\u00f6\u00f6tab ta juhtiva arendajana Odnoklassnikis, platvormi meeskonnas. Tema \u00fclesannete hulka kuulub k\u00f5rgelt koormatud s\u00fcsteemide, suurte andmesalvestite arhitektuuride ja lahenduste v\u00e4ljat\u00f6\u00f6tamine ning portaali j\u00f5udlus- ja usaldusprobleemide lahendamine. Samuti tegeleb ta ettev\u00f5tte sees arendajate koolitamisega.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Oleg, tere! Mais toimus esimene meet-up<\/a><\/noindex>, mis oli p\u00fchendatud Apache Cassandra'le. Osalejad r\u00e4\u00e4givad, et arutelud kestsid hiliste \u00f6\u00f6tundideni. Palun r\u00e4\u00e4gi, millised on sinu muljed esimesest meet-upist? <\/b><\/p>\n

Kohtumisele tulid arendajad erineva taustaga erinevatest ettev\u00f5tetest, et jagada oma muresid, ootamatuid probleemilahendusi ja h\u00e4mmastavaid lugusid. \u00d5nnestus veeta suur osa kohtumisest arutelu formaadis, kuid arutelusid oli nii palju, et me suutsime k\u00e4sitleda vaid kolmandikku planeeritud teemadest. Palju t\u00e4helepanu p\u00f6\u00f6rati sellele, kuidas ja mida me j\u00e4lgime, tuues n\u00e4iteid meie tegelikest tootmisteenustest.<\/p>\n

See oli mulle huvitav ja v\u00e4ga meeldis.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Ahnokirjeldusest l\u00e4htuvalt teisest meet-upist<\/a><\/noindex> on t\u00e4ielikult p\u00fchendatud rikete taluvusele, miks valisite just selle teema? <\/b><\/p>\n

Cassandra on t\u00fc\u00fcpiline koormatud jaotatud s\u00fcsteem, millel on tohutult funktsioone peale kasutaja p\u00e4ringute t\u00f6\u00f6tlemise: gossip, rikete tuvastamine, skeemimuudatuste levitamine, klastrite suurendamine\/v\u00e4hendamine, anti-entropy, varundamine ja taastamine jne. Nagu mistahes jaotatud s\u00fcsteemis, suureneb riketega kokku puutuva riski v\u00f5imalus koos riistvara kasvuga, mist\u00f5ttu t\u00f6\u00f6stuslike Cassandra klastrite haldamine n\u00f5uab s\u00fcgavat arusaamist selle toimimisest, et ennustada k\u00e4itumist rikete korral ja operaatori tegevust. Aastate jooksul, mil me oleme Cassandra't kasutanud, oleme omandanud m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rse ekspertiisi<\/a><\/noindex>, mida oleme valmis jagama, samuti tahan arutada, kuidas kolleegid valdkonnas lahendavad t\u00fc\u00fcpilisi probleeme.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Kui jutt on Cassandra'st, mida sa m\u00f5istad rikete taluvuse all?<\/b> <\/p>\n

Esiteks muidugi s\u00fcsteemi v\u00f5ime taluda typilisi riistvara t\u00f5rkeid: masinate, ketaste v\u00f5i v\u00f5rgu\u00fchenduse kadumist s\u00f5lmedega\/andmekeskustega. Kuid teema on palju laiem ja h\u00f5lmab ka t\u00f5rkej\u00e4rgset taastumist, sealhulgas t\u00f5rkeid, milleks inimesed harva valmis on, n\u00e4iteks kasutaja vigu.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Kas saad tuua n\u00e4ite k\u00f5ige koormatumast ja suurimast andmeklastris?<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00dcks meie suurimaid klastri on kingitusklaster: rohkem kui 200 s\u00f5lme ja sadadest TB andmeid. Kuid see ei ole k\u00f5ige koormatum, kuna see on varustatud jaotatud vahem\u00e4luga. Meie k\u00f5ige koormatumad klastrid hoidavad k\u00fcmneid tuhandeid RPS kirjutamise ajal ja tuhandeid RPS lugemise ajal.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Vau! Kui tihti midagi katki l\u00e4heb?<\/b><\/p>\n

Jah, pidevalt.<\/a><\/noindex>! Kokku on meil \u00fcle 6000 serveri, ja iga n\u00e4dal vahetatakse v\u00e4lja paar serverit ja mitu tosinat ketast (mitte arvestades paralleelseid uuendamise ja laiendamise protsesse). Iga rikke t\u00fc\u00fcbi jaoks on kirjutatud selge juhis, mida ja mis j\u00e4rjekorras teha, k\u00f5ik on v\u00f5imalusel automatiseeritud, seega on rikete k\u00e4sitlemine rutiinne ja 99% juhtudest j\u00e4\u00e4b kasutajatele m\u00e4rkamatuks.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Kuidas te selliste riketega toime tulete?<\/b><\/p>\n

Alates Cassandra kasutuselev\u00f5tust ja esimestest juhtumitest oleme t\u00f6\u00f6tanud v\u00e4lja varukoopiate ja taastamise mehhanismid, loonud deploy-protseduurid, mis arvestavad Cassandra klastrite seisundit ja n\u00e4iteks ei lase uuesti k\u00e4ivitada s\u00f5lmi, kui andmete kaotus on v\u00f5imalik. Me kavatseme sellest k\u00f5igest r\u00e4\u00e4kida kohtumisel.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Nagu sa \u00fctlesid, ei ole t\u00e4iesti usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rseid s\u00fcsteeme eksisteerimas. Milliste riketega te valmistute ja kas te suudate need \u00fcle elada?<\/b><\/p>\n

R\u00e4\u00e4kides meie Cassandra klastrite paigaldustest, ei m\u00e4rka kasutajad, kui me kaotame m\u00f5ned masinad \u00fches andmekeskuses v\u00f5i isegi \u00fche andmekeskuse tervikuna (selliseid olukordi on juhtunud). Andmekeskuste arvu kasvades m\u00f5tleme sellele, et alustada t\u00f6\u00f6kindluse tagamist kahe andmekeskuse rikke korral.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Mida sinu arvates Cassandra-l \u00fclevaatuskindluse osas puudu j\u00e4\u00e4b?<\/b><\/p>\n

Cassandra, nagu paljud teised varasemad NoSQL andmehoidlad, n\u00f5uab selle sisemise struktuuri ja toimuvaid d\u00fcnaamilisi protsesse s\u00fcgavat m\u00f5istmist. \u00dctleksin, et tal puudub lihtsus, etteennustatavus ja j\u00e4lgitavus. Oleks huvitav kuulda teiste osalejate arvamust!<\/p>\n

Oleg, suur t\u00e4nu, et leidsite aega vastata k\u00fcsimustele! <\/p>\n

Ootame k\u00f5iki, kes soovivad suhelda Apache Cassandra kasutamise ekspertidega 12. septembril meie Peterburi kontorisse. <\/p>\n

Tulge k\u00fclla, see saab olema huvitav!<\/p>\n

Registreeru \u00fcritusele.<\/a><\/noindex>
\n
Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Alustasime Cassandra kasutamist 2010. aastal fotohinnete salvestamiseks, ja praegu on Cassandras hallatavates petabaitides andmeid tuhandetes nodes. 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