{"id":38608,"date":"2019-10-31T22:24:51","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:24:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/vremya-pervyh-istoriya-kak-my-vnedryali-scratch-kak-yazyk-programmirovaniya-robotov\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:24:51","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:24:51","slug":"vremya-pervyh-istoriya-kak-my-vnedryali-scratch-kak-yazyk-programmirovaniya-robotov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/vremya-pervyh-istoriya-kak-my-vnedryali-scratch-kak-yazyk-programmirovaniya-robotov","title":{"rendered":"Esimeste aeg. Lugu sellest, kuidas me tutvustasime Scratchi kui robootika programmeerimiskeelt","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Vaadates praegust haridusrobotite mitmekesisust, on r\u00f5\u00f5m, et lastele on kergesti k\u00e4tte saadavad suurel hulgal konstruktoreid ja valmistooteid ning et programmeerimise alused on muutunud ligip\u00e4\u00e4setavaks (sisaldades isegi lasteaias \u00f5ppimist). Massiliselt levib tendents alustada modulaarse programmeerimisega, liikudes seej\u00e4rel edasi keerukamate keelte juurde. Ent olukord ei ole alati olnud selline.<\/p>\n

\"Esimeste
\n
\nAastatel 2009-2010 hakkas Venemaa massiliselt tutvuma Arduino ja Scratchiga. Kergesti k\u00e4tte saadav elektroonika ja programmeerimine hakkasid v\u00f5itma nii entusiastide kui ka \u00f5petajate meeli, ning idee neid \u00fchendada oli juba laiemalt levinud (ja osaliselt oli see juba teostatud) maailma infopinnal.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nTegelikult oli Scratch, mis ilmus sel ajal versioonina 1.4, juba toetanud v\u00e4lisseadmeid. Selles oli olemas toetav Lego WeDo (mootoriplokid) ja PicoBoardi plaadid.<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

Ent mind huvitas Arduino ja robotid selle baasil, eelistatult t\u00f6\u00f6tavad algversioonil. Sel ajal m\u00f5tles \u00fcks Jaapani arduino entusiast v\u00e4lja, kuidas platvorme \u00fchendada, ja jagas skeeme (kuigi mitte t\u00e4ielikult ja pidin ise m\u00f5tlema) ning tarkvara avalikkusele (kuid kahjuks mitte inglise keeles). Selle projekti alusel s\u00fcndis 2010. aastal ScratchDuino (tol ajal t\u00f6\u00f6tasin koos oma naisega Linuxi Keskuses).<\/p>\n

Konseptsioon 'vahetatavast kassetist' (kas see ei meenuta Micro:bitit?), magnetiline kinnituss\u00fcsteem robotite komponentide jaoks ning Scratchi sisseehitatud v\u00f5imaluste kasutamine sensorite t\u00f6\u00f6tlemisel ja mootorite juhtimisel.<\/p>\n

\"Esimeste
\n
\n\"Esimeste
\n
\nRobot oli algselt m\u00f5eldud Lego koosk\u00f5la s\u00e4ilitamiseks:<\/p>\n

\"Esimeste
\n
\n2011. aastal n\u00e4gi platvorm ilmavalgust ning (p\u00e4rast minu ja mu naise projekti lahkumist 2013. aastal) elab ja areneb see praegu nime all ROBBO.<\/p>\n

\"Esimeste
\n
\nM\u00f5ned v\u00f5ivad vaielda, et sarnased projektid olid olemas. Jah, umbes samal ajal hakkas arenema projekt S4A, kuid need keskendusid programmeerimisele spetsiifiliselt Arduino stiilis (oma digitaalsete ja analoogsete v\u00e4ljundite poolest) muudetud Scratchis, samas kui minu v\u00e4lja t\u00f6\u00f6tatud lahendus suutis t\u00f6\u00f6tada 'vanilje' versiooniga (kuigi me muutsime selle ka, et kuvada plokke sensoritele alates 1 kuni 4).<\/p>\n

Hiljem tuli v\u00e4lja Scratch 2.0, mille kaasabil hakkasid ilmnema pluginaid nii Arduino jaoks kui ka populaarsetele robotitele, ja Scratch 3.0 toetab pakendist suure hulga robotiplatforme.<\/p>\n

Blockly.<\/b> Kui vaadata populaarseid roboteid, nagu MBot (mis muide alguses kasutas samuti kohandatud Scratchi), siis nad programmeeritakse plokkkeeles, kuid see ei ole Scratch, vaid Google'i muudetud Blockly. Ma ei tea, kas minu t\u00f6\u00f6 m\u00f5jutas selle arendust, kuid v\u00f5in kindlasti \u00f6elda, et kui me 2013. aastal Londonis n\u00e4itasime Blockly arendajaile Scratchduino platvormi, ei olnud seal veel roboteid.<\/p>\n

\"Esimeste
\n
\nPraegu on Blockly modifikatsioonid paljude robotitehnika komplektide ja \u00f5pperobotite aluseks, ja see on juba teine lugu, kuna viimase aja jooksul on olnud tohutult projekte nii Venemaal kui ka maailmas, mis on tulnud ja kadunud. Kuid Venemaal olime me just Scratch rakenduses ja Lego \"vastasseisus\" esimesed \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

Mis juhtus p\u00e4rast 2013. aastat. Meie abikaasaga asutasime 2014. aastal oma projekti \u041f\u0420\u041e\u0421\u0422\u041e\u0420\u041e\u0411\u041e\u0422 (tuntud ka kui SIMPLEROBOT) ja suundusime lauam\u00e4ngude arendusse. Kuid Scratch ei lase meil rahu.<\/p>\n

Meil on huvitavad arendused robotite modelleerimiseks Scratchis ja selle j\u00e4rglases Snap!
\nPDF-faili kirjeldusega saab alla laadida ja vabalt kasutada. linki pidi<\/a><\/noindex>, valmis projekte leiab siit.<\/a><\/noindex>T\u00f6\u00f6tab ka Scratchi 3. versioonis.<\/p>\n

Samuti oleme tagasi programmeerimise juurde Scratchis meie uues lauam\u00e4ngus \"Golementide lahing. Parobotite kaardiliiga\" ja oleksime r\u00f5\u00f5msad, kui te toetaksite selle v\u00e4ljaandmist Crowdrepublicis.<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

\"Esimeste
\n
\nKui sa seisad millegi p\u00f5hjatees ja \"tunned\" trende enne nende massilist ilmumist ning oled r\u00f5\u00f5mus, et oled esimene ja loonud sisuliselt turu, siis on kurb, et au ei langenud sulle. Kuid ma saan uhkusega \u00f6elda, et Scratchi ja Arduino sulam Venemaa robotitehnikas tekkis t\u00e4nu ka minu pingutustele.
\n
Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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