{"id":38916,"date":"2019-10-31T22:26:43","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:26:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/v-debian-11-predlagaetsya-po-umolchaniyu-zadejstvovat-nftables-i-firewalld\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:26:43","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:26:43","slug":"v-debian-11-predlagaetsya-po-umolchaniyu-zadejstvovat-nftables-i-firewalld","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/v-debian-11-predlagaetsya-po-umolchaniyu-zadejstvovat-nftables-i-firewalld","title":{"rendered":"Debian 11-s soovitatakse vaikimisi kasutada nftables ja firewalld.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Arturo Borrero, Debian arendaja, kuulub Netfilter projekti Coreteam'i ja toetab Debianis pakette, mis on seotud nftables, iptables ja netfilter'iga. soovitust<\/a><\/noindex> kanda j\u00e4rgmine oluline Debian 11 v\u00e4ljaanne \u00fcle nftables'i vaikimisi kasutamisele. Kui ettepanek kinnitatakse, liiguvad iptables paketid valikuliseks, mis ei kuulu p\u00f5hitarne hulka.<\/p>\n

Pakettfiltri Nftables'ile on iseloomulik pakettfiltreerimise liideste \u00fchtsus IPv4, IPv6, ARP ja v\u00f5rgusildade jaoks. Nftables pakub tuumatasandil ainult \u00fchtset liidest, mis ei ole seotud spetsiifilise protokolliga ning mis pakkub p\u00f5hifunktsioone andmete v\u00e4ljav\u00f5tmiseks pakettidest, andmete manipulatsiooniks ja voogude juhtimiseks. Filtreerimise loogika ja protokollispetsiifilised t\u00f6\u00f6tlejate kompileeritakse kasutaja ruumis olevasse baitkoodi, misj\u00e4rel see baitkood laaditakse Netlinki liidese abil tuuma ja t\u00e4idetakse spetsiaalses virtuaalmasinas, mis meenutab BPF (Berkeley Packet Filters). <\/p>\n

Vaikimisi pakutakse Debian 11's kasutada ka d\u00fcnaamilist tulem\u00fc\u00fcrifaili firewalld, mis on vormistatud nftables'i peale. Firewalld k\u00e4ivitub taustaprotsessina, mis v\u00f5imaldab d\u00fcnaamiliselt muuta pakettfiltri reegleid DBus'i kaudu, ilma et oleks vaja tulem\u00fc\u00fcri reeglite taaslaadimist ja katkestatud seoseid. Tulem\u00fc\u00fcri haldamiseks kasutatakse utiliiti firewall-cmd, mis m\u00e4\u00e4rab reeglite loomise aluseks mitte IP-aadresse<\/a>, v\u00f5rgu liidestest ja portide nummerdamisest, samuti teenuste nimedest (n\u00e4iteks SSH ligip\u00e4\u00e4su lubamiseks tuleb t\u00e4ita «firewall-cmd —add —service=ssh», SSH sulgemiseks — «firewall-cmd —remove —service=ssh»).<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Allikas: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0410\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u0440\u043e (Arturo Borrero), \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a Debian, \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432 Coreteam \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Netfilter \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432 Debian \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 nftables, iptables \u0438 netfilter, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Debian 11 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 nftables \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e. \u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0441 iptables \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443. \u041f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Debian 11 pakub vaikimisi kasutada nftables'i ja firewalld'i | ProHoster","description":"Arturo Borrero, Debian arendaja, kuulub Netfilter projekti Coreteam'i ja toetab Debianis pakette, mis on seotud nftables, iptables ja 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