{"id":42137,"date":"2019-03-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-03-17T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/flightradar24-kak-eto-rabotaet"},"modified":"2020-02-18T13:44:56","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T10:44:56","slug":"flightradar24-kak-eto-rabotaet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/flightradar24-kak-eto-rabotaet","title":{"rendered":"Flightradar24 \u2014 kuidas see t\u00f6\u00f6tab?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00f5en\u00e4oliselt on iga\u00fcks, kes on kunagi saatnud v\u00f5i saatnud sugulasi v\u00f5i s\u00f5pru lennuki peale, kasutanud tasuta teenust Flightradar24. See on v\u00e4ga mugav viis lennuki asukoha j\u00e4lgimiseks reaalajas.<\/p>\n

\"Flightradar24
\n
\nK\u00fcsimuste p\u00f5hjal, mida olen tuttavatelt esitanud, teab v\u00e4ga v\u00e4he inimesi, et see teenus toetub vaid entusiastidele, kes saadavad serverisse andmeid. Veelgi v\u00e4hem inimesi teab, et projekti saab liituda iga\u00fcks.<\/p>\n

T\u00e4idame selle t\u00fchimiku. R\u00e4\u00e4gime, kuidas see t\u00f6\u00f6tab, allpool.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Riistvara<\/h2>\n

\nEsimene k\u00fcsimus - kust saadakse andmed. <\/p>\n

Igal tsiviillennukil on spetsiaalne saatja, nn ADS-B transponder<\/b>:<\/p>\n

\"Flightradar24
\n(pilt Garmini kodulehelt)<\/i><\/p>\n

See seade saadab sagedusel 1090 MHz spetsiaalseid pakette, mis sisaldavad lennu p\u00f5hiparameetreid, lennuki t\u00fc\u00fcpi, selle koordinaate, sihtkohta jne. <\/p>\n

Signaal spektris n\u00e4eb v\u00e4lja umbes nii:<\/p>\n

\"Flightradar24
\n
\nJa mis meie jaoks k\u00f5ige t\u00e4htsam, nende andmete dekodeerimine pole keeruline, piisab RTL-SDR vastuv\u00f5tjast, mille hind on umbes 8 $, \u00fchendatuna arvutiga. T\u00f5en\u00e4oliselt on idee n\u00fc\u00fcd selge - kui koguda andmeid mitmest vastuv\u00f5tjast, siis saame sellise pildi:<\/p>\n

\"Flightradar24
\n
\nAga see pole veel k\u00f5ik. Osa lennukitest edastab andmepakette, kuid nendes puuduvad GPS-koordinaadid. Kui vastu v\u00f5tta andmeid samaaegselt mitmest vastuv\u00f5tjast, mille koordinaadid on teada, siis anal\u00fc\u00fcsides erinevusi erinevates vastuv\u00f5tjates, saab teada lennuki asukoha. Seda tehnoloogiat nimetatakse multilateration (MLAT), selle kohta saab rohkem lugeda veebisaidil<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Ja l\u00f5puks, viimane k\u00fcsimus - kuidas andmeid vastu v\u00f5etakse. Vastus on lihtne, vastuv\u00f5tjat saab paigaldada iga\u00fcks, hinnaklass on 0 kuni 50 $. N\u00e4iteks n\u00e4eb Flightaware teenuse vastuv\u00f5tjate kaart v\u00e4lja selline:<\/p>\n

\"Flightradar24
\n
\nNagu n\u00e4ha, on Venemaa osa katmist puudusi, seega on siin m\u00f5nel t\u00e4iesti v\u00f5imalik olla esimene.<\/p>\n

Andmete vastuv\u00f5tmiseks on vajalikud:<\/p>\n

\u2014 Raspberry Pi2\/3, millel on interneti\u00fchendus (hind alates 20 $)
\n \u2014 RTL-SDR dongle (hind alates 10 $)
\n \u2014 v\u00e4hemalt lihtne antenn, mis koosneb kahest 6,8 cm pikkusest juhtmest (1\/4 dipool 1090 MHz-l)<\/p>\n

Samuti on soovitatav koht, kust avaneb v\u00e4hemalt osaline vaade taevasse, kuna gigahertsisageduse signaalid neelavad takistused nagu hooned v\u00f5i puud.<\/p>\n

Mul on olnud nii Raspberry Pi, kui RTL-SDR, seega polnud mul vaja midagi osta. Kuid keegi saab tasuta proovida valmis vastuv\u00f5tjat \u2014 nii Flightradar kui Flightaware saadavad komplekte tasuta kasutajatele nendest piirkondadest, kus katvus hetkel on puudulik. Sooviavaldust saab esitada lingil (Flightradar<\/a><\/noindex> v\u00f5i Flightaware<\/a><\/noindex>), loomulikult on m\u00f5istlik proovida neil, kes elavad piisavalt kaugel aladel.<\/p>\n

Kasutasin RTL-SDR V3 komplekti, mis koos antenni ja mini-statiga maksis 27$ tasuta kohaletoimetamisega Hiinast:<\/p>\n

\"Flightradar24
\n
\nMuide, kui teine boonus, saavad k\u00f5ik, kes saadavad andmeid serverisse, nii Flightradar24 kui Flightaware piiramatu juurdep\u00e4\u00e4su premium-kontole<\/b> ja k\u00f5igile serveri funktsioonidele (eriti maksab selline juurdep\u00e4\u00e4s umbes 50$\/kuu). Nii et kui keegi huvitub lennundusest ja soovib sellise kontoga laiemat juurdep\u00e4\u00e4su, on RTLSDR vastuv\u00f5tja paigaldamine t\u00e4iesti odav alternatiiv. <\/p>\n

Testimine<\/h2>\n

\nPaigaldamine on \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt lihtne, Raspberry Pi-l piisab vastuv\u00f5tja \u00fchendamisest ja \u00fche k\u00e4su k\u00e4ivitamisest:<\/p>\n

sudo bash -c \"$(wget -O - http:\/\/repo.feed.flightradar24.com\/install_fr24_rpi.sh)\"<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nSkript k\u00fcsib vajalikud andmed (koordinaadid ja vastuv\u00f5tja t\u00fc\u00fcp, e-posti aadress), seej\u00e4rel t\u00f6\u00f6tab tarkvara automaatselt, kasutajalt rohkem t\u00e4helepanu ei n\u00f5uta. Samuti saab samal ajal aktiveerida premium-konto (FR24 jaoks lingil https:\/\/www.flightradar24.com\/premium\/signup?account=free<\/a><\/noindex>) ja kohe kasutada k\u00f5iki selle v\u00f5imalusi (lennuj\u00e4lgimine jne).<\/p>\n
Saate minna Raspberry Pi IP-aadressile ja n\u00e4ha praegust olekut:<\/p>\n
\"Flightradar24
\nPalju rohkem teavet saab n\u00e4ha Flightradar24 konto lehelt:<\/p>\n
\"Flightradar24
\n
\nElan 6. korrusel, suhteliselt l\u00e4hedal lennujaamale, seega p\u00e4eva jooksul registreeritud lennukite arv oli \u00fcle 1000, isegi lihtsalt aknalaual oleva antenniga. Huvi pakub, et isegi sellise antenniga oli maksimaalne kaugus vastuv\u00f5etud lennukist 215 miili. Erinevaid antennivalikuid saab leida ebay's, otsides ads-b antenni.<\/p>\n
Alternatiiv<\/h2>\n
\nBoonus neile, kellel jagus kannatust siiani lugeda. M\u00f5nel lugejal v\u00f5ib tekkida k\u00fcsimus: kas on v\u00f5imalik ilma kolmandate osapoolte teenusteta, nagu Flightradar, hakkama saada? Loomulikult on v\u00f5imalik, Raspberry Pi-l saab dekoodri k\u00e4ivitada ka otse. Allalaadimiseks saab kasutada allolevat aadressi github.com\/antirez\/dump1090<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
Piisab, kui Raspberry Pi-l tippida 3 k\u00e4sku:<\/p>\n
git clone https:\/\/github.com\/antirez\/dump1090.git\ncd dump1090\/\nmake<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nSee, the decoder can be launched with the command:<\/p>\n
.\/dump1090 --interactive --net<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nThe decoder starts working, and we see \"raw data\" \u2014 a list of visible \"flights\":<\/p>\n
\"Flightradar24
\n
\nNow you can use a browser on the Raspberry Pi and enjoy your own local Flightradar; the picture might look something like this:<\/p>\n
\"Flightradar24
\n
\nWhy might this be necessary? First of all, just out of curiosity, and secondly, Flightradar24 unfortunately filters some of the data and shows not all<\/i> planes (for example, military, governmental, or business jets may not be shown). By launching your own local service, we see everything \"as it is\", without any censorship. However, the amount of data is limited by our local location and the quality of the antenna; additionally, the MLAT technology will not be available. Dump1090 is available in source code, so those interested can even create their own version of Flightradar, with blackjack and other bells and whistles.<\/p>\n
J\u00e4reldused<\/h2>\n
\nAs you can see, it's not that complicated, but it's quite interesting and inexpensive. For context, 10 years ago, the Airnav RadarBox receiver cost around $1000; now you can get an RTL-SDR, which does the same thing, for $10.<\/p>\n
In my case, the receiver was only powered on for testing; there\u2019s no practical reason to keep it constantly on since the coverage density in the European part is already reaching 100%. For residents of remote regions in Russia, on the contrary, it can be quite interesting \u2014 the opportunity arises to do something useful for air travelers worldwide, expanding the coverage area, as well as gaining access to a premium account of the aforementioned sites.<\/p>\n
Happy experimenting, everyone.<\/p>\n
Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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