{"id":52749,"date":"2019-11-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-15T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/chetyryohurovnevaya-model-sistemnogo-administratora"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:00:33","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:00:33","slug":"chetyryohurovnevaya-model-sistemnogo-administratora","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chetyryohurovnevaya-model-sistemnogo-administratora","title":{"rendered":"Neljatasandi s\u00fcsteemiadministraatori mudel","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Sissejuhatus<\/h4>\n

\nTootmisettev\u00f5tte HR palus kirjutada, mida peaks s\u00fcsteemiadministraator tegema? \u00dche IT-mehega organisatsioonide jaoks on see k\u00fcsimus petlik. P\u00fc\u00fcdsin lihtsate s\u00f5nadega kirjeldada \u00fche spetsialisti funktsionaalset taset. Loodan, et see aitab kedagi suhelda mitte-IT inimestega. Kui ma midagi unustasin, siis vanemad kolleegid parandavad mind.<\/p>\n

\"Neljatasandi
\n<\/p>\n

Tase: Tehnik<\/h4>\n

\n\u00dclesanded<\/i>. Siin lahendatakse majanduslikke k\u00fcsimusi. Selle taseme jaoks on vajalik, et asjad, mida saab f\u00fc\u00fcsiliselt k\u00e4sitleda, t\u00f6\u00f6taksid. Sellel tasemel: auditeerimine, inventuur, raamatupidamiss\u00fcsteem, puuri v\u00f5ti, kruvikeeraja. Eemaldage kaablid lauadest. Asendage ventilaator v\u00f5i toiteplokk. Leidke IT-lepingud, garantiid ja pange need kaustadesse. Kirjutage \u00fcles 1C spetsialisti, b\u00fcrootehnika meistri, teenusepakkujate telefoninumarid. Tutvuge koristajaga. Koristaja on teie s\u00f5ber ja abiline. <\/p>\n

See on alus. Te ei saa j\u00e4rgmistes tasemetes tegutseda, kui teid h\u00e4irivad telefonik\u00f5ned, mis puudutavad kahvatut tr\u00fckimist v\u00f5i t\u00fchjenenud akut. Varu kassett peab olema MFP laua all ja varu akud hiirte jaoks \u2013 kontorihalduril. Te peaksite selle eest hoolitsema. <\/p>\n

Sellel tasemel t\u00f6\u00f6tate peaaegu mitte arvutiga. Teid ei huvita operatsioonis\u00fcsteemi koostise versioon, vaid kas ettev\u00f5ttes on tavaline tolmuimeja.<\/p>\n

Koost\u00f6\u00f6<\/i>. Sellel tasemel, peale IT-seotute, suhtlete te haldaja, hoone inseneri, koristajate, elektriku ja teistega. Suhtlege lugupidavalt. Te olete nende kolleegid. Teil on palju \u00fchiseid \u00fclesandeid. Te peaksite aitama \u00fcksteist. <\/p>\n

Kvaliteedid<\/i>. K\u00e4te osavus, korrektsus, armastus korra vastu.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Tase 2: Abitehnik<\/h4>\n

\n\u00dclesanded<\/i>. T\u00f6\u00f6 kasutajaprogrammidega. 80% tehnilisest toest lasub Abitehniku \u00f5lgadel.<\/p>\n

Istume arvuti taha. Teate v\u00e4hemalt kolme viisi, kuidas enamus kasutajate probleeme lahendada. See tekitab mingit leebust. Kuid pidage meeles, et raha teenivad ettev\u00f5tte jaoks nemad. Ja teie oskate lihtsalt kiiresti Windowsit uuesti installida ning teate, et teatud t\u00fc\u00fcpi tr\u00fckkimise draivereid ei tohiks kunagi kasutada. Sisuliselt olete lihtsalt v\u00e4ga kogenud kasutaja. V\u00f5ite lahendada probleemi Exceli tabeliga ja Wordi dokumendiga. Installida ja seadistada mistahes programmi. <\/p>\n

Selle tasemel t\u00f6\u00f6tate arvutiga. Peamiselt kellegi teise omaga. Te peaksite teadma konkreetset tarkvara, millega ettev\u00f5ttes t\u00f6\u00f6tatakse. Raamatupidamine on igal pool, seega on 1C seadistamise erip\u00e4rad kliendi poolel igas konfigureerimises teie leib. Kuid on ka disainereid, juriste ja tootmisosakondi. Ka neil on programmid oma erip\u00e4radega. Sageli on ka programmeerijaid. Hea uudis: nad seadistavad k\u00f5ik ise. <\/p>\n

Koost\u00f6\u00f6<\/i>. Te m\u00f5istate. Kasutajatega. Kuid mitte ainult. Veebiteenused t\u00f5rjuvad tavap\u00e4raseid rakendusi. Kodulehtedel tehakse taotlusi, hallatakse tarnet, v\u00e4ljastatakse lubasid ja t\u00f6\u00f6tatakse riigilepingutega. Need teenused ei ole teie loodud. Kuid vastutuse v\u00f5etakse teie peale. Miks ei saa sellelt veebilehelt Excelisse koondust printida? Eile t\u00f6\u00f6tas. Teil on vaja tehnilise toe telefoninumbrit ja paari \u0161amaanibufet. <\/p>\n

Kvaliteedid<\/i>. Vastupidavus, oskus kiiresti probleeme lahendada, t\u00e4psus.<\/p>\n

3. tase: S\u00fcsteemiadministraator<\/h4>\n

\n\u00dclesanded<\/i>. Teenused, serverid, v\u00f5rgud, varundamine, dokumentatsioon.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcsi tehniliselt juhendajalt: kas server t\u00f6\u00f6tab? Ta vastab: peate v\u00f5tma v\u00f5tmed serveriruumist ja kontrollima, kas must kast roheliste tuledega sumiseb. <\/p>\n

Aga s\u00fcsteemiadministraator ei suuda sellele k\u00fcsimusele vastata.<\/b>Tal tuleb k\u00f5igepealt aru saada, mida silmas peeti. T\u00f5en\u00e4oliselt r\u00e4\u00e4gitakse 1C: Ettev\u00f5te serverist. Kuid see ei pruugi olla kindel. V\u00f5ib-olla Microsoft SQL Serveri andmebaasist, kuhu see 1C salvestab andmeid? V\u00f5i Windows Server 2019 virtuaalsest operatsioonis\u00fcsteemist, kus see SQL Server t\u00f6\u00f6tab? Windows Server 2019, omakorda (\u00e4rge muretsege, see on peagi l\u00e4bi), t\u00f6\u00f6tab VMware ESX Serveris, kus t\u00f6\u00f6tab veel tosin teist. virtuaalserverite<\/a>. Ja seal t\u00f6\u00f6tab juba VMware ESX selle musta serveri peal, kus on ilusad tuled.
\nSellel tasemel on teil korralik arvuti kahe monitoriga, millest \u00fchel on avatud artikkel \"kuidas seadistada XXX<\/i> ja YYY<\/i>\" teisel - kaugserveri konsool, kus YYY<\/i>, kus proovite teha XXX<\/i>. Ja teete seda h\u00e4sti, ja teil on k\u00f5ik suurep\u00e4rane, kui see kaugserver on katsetuskeskkonnas. <\/p>\n

Skriptide programmeerimine, varundamine, j\u00e4lgimiss\u00fcsteemid, andmebaasid, virtualiseerimine serverid<\/a> \u2014 need on Admin's tasks. Users tire him, distracting him from the wonderful world of console commands, file storage, and cloud servers. He also dislikes talking to management, as it's difficult to explain exactly what he does here and why to buy yet another server for 300 thousand.<\/p>\n

It's all because the Admin deals with infrastructure services.
\nAsk Google what that is, and... it won't become clearer. In fact, it\u2019s simple.
\nThese are systems that are not needed by themselves. They are only necessary for the work of other systems. <\/p>\n

Here\u2019s a laptop. You need it for work. To set up many laptops, you need the Active Directory directory service. AD is an infrastructure service. Can you do without Active Directory? Sure. But it\u2019s more convenient with it. Where five admins were needed, now one can handle it.<\/p>\n

Koost\u00f6\u00f6<\/i>. The Admin still has to communicate. A lot. With other admins. You\u2019ll resolve with the client's admin why mail isn\u2019t going between your companies' mail servers. With the IP telephony provider, why the extension doesn't work. With Diadoc, why the electronic signatures of documents aren't working. You will clarify the boundaries of responsibility with the 1C franchisee. And developers need to provide a virtual environment for web servers and access to the database.<\/p>\n

Kvaliteedid<\/i>. The ability to break down a complex task into several simple ones, patience, attention. The ability to prioritize. <\/p>\n

3.1 Level: Network Engineer<\/h4>\n

\nNetwork Administrator. This is a specialist in computer networks. His own big world. No provider, telecommunications operator, or bank can do without a Network Engineer. Large companies with branch networks also have plenty of work for Network Engineers. Any sysadmin should master the basics of this profession.<\/p>\n

3.2 Level: Developer<\/h4>\n

\nThese are programmers. Their own caste, even several. Some write online stores, others work with 1C processing. The work is interesting, but if there\u2019s a programmer position in an ordinary, non-technical company, there\u2019s probably something wrong with the business processes. Sysadmins write code to automate their tasks, but still, Admins and Developers are different professions. <\/p>\n

Level 4: Manager<\/h4>\n

\n\u00dclesanded<\/i>. IT Management. Risk management. Managing business expectations. Calculating economic efficiency.<\/p>\n

Te m\u00f5tle oma IT arendustrateegiale. Sa j\u00e4lgid seda protsessi. Sa edastad oma n\u00e4gemuse juhtkonnale. Sa korraldad projekte selle strateegia raames. Sa jaotad oma meeskonna aega ja osakonna eelarvet. <\/p>\n

Kuidas Linux t\u00f6\u00f6tab, ei huvita sind, aga pead oluliseks, kas \u00fcleminek Windowsilt Linuxile on kasumlik, arvestades kasutuskulusid. <\/p>\n

Sa ei hakka uurima, miks sait ei t\u00f6\u00f6tanud, aga tead, mis maksis ettev\u00f5ttele tunni seadme seismine. <\/p>\n

Ja kui s\u00fcsteemiadministraator tagab, et k\u00f5ik t\u00f6\u00f6tab ja on stabiilne, siis sina, juht, vastupidi, segad teda. Sest sina teed muudatusi. Ja muudatused toovad endaga kaasa seisaku riski ettev\u00f5tte jaoks, lisat\u00f6\u00f6 s\u00fcsteemiadministraatorile ja aeglustavad kasutajate koolituse etappi. <\/p>\n

Koost\u00f6\u00f6<\/i>. Juhtkond, tippjuhtkond, teenusepakkujad. Sa suhtled \u00e4riga. On oluline m\u00f5ista \u00e4riprotsesse ja kuidas IT v\u00f5ib m\u00f5jutada \u00e4ri tervikuna. <\/p>\n

Kvaliteedid<\/i>. Oskus suhelda juhtkonnaga, leppida kokku teiste juhtidega, seada eesm\u00e4rke ja saavutada nende t\u00e4itmine. S\u00fcsteemne l\u00e4henemine.<\/p>\n

J\u00e4reldused<\/h4>\n

\nKasutajad ootavad, et sa muudaksid nende eest cartridge. Juhtkond sooviks n\u00e4ha, millised strateegilised algatused tulevad sinu suunalt. M\u00f5lemad on oma viisil \u00f5iged. Leida tasakaal nende n\u00f5udmiste vahel ja luua suhteid kollektiivis - see on huvitav \u00fclesanne. Kuidas sa selle lahendad?
\n
Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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