{"id":53924,"date":"2019-12-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-12T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/chto-takoe-nfc-i-kak-on-rabotaet-osvezhim-osnovy"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:52","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:52","slug":"chto-takoe-nfc-i-kak-on-rabotaet-osvezhim-osnovy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chto-takoe-nfc-i-kak-on-rabotaet-osvezhim-osnovy","title":{"rendered":"Mis on NFC ja kuidas see t\u00f6\u00f6tab? Korratakse p\u00f5hit\u00f5desid.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Tere, Habr kasutajad! Esitan teile artikli t\u00f5lke \u201eWhat is NFC and how does it work<\/a><\/noindex>\u201d, mille autor on Robert Triggs. Tundub, nagu oleks k\u00fcsitav, miks originaali autor pidi sellel teemal kirjutama 2019. aastal, ja miks ma seda 2020. aasta alguses t\u00f5lkima pean? T\u00e4na on NFC saanud t\u00f5eliseks ja ei ole enam lihtsalt geekide tehnoloogia v\u00f5tmetokenite jaoks. N\u00fc\u00fcd see puudutab makseid, osaliselt nutikodu ja nutikat tootmist. Seega \u2014 miks mitte kordata \u00f5pitu, ja kellelegi on see v\u00f5ib-olla ka uus?<\/p>\n

\"Mis
\n
\nNFC on prioriteetselt arenev traadita tehnoloogia, t\u00e4nu online-makstes\u00fcsteemide, nagu Samsung Pay ja Google Pay, arengule. Eriti kui r\u00e4\u00e4kida lipulaevadest ja isegi (keskmise klassi) nutitelefonidest. V\u00f5ib-olla olete seda terminit juba varem kuulnud, aga mida t\u00e4pselt t\u00e4hendab NFC? Selles osas selgitame, mis see on, kuidas see t\u00f6\u00f6tab ja milleks seda kasutatakse.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nNFC t\u00e4histab \"Near Field Communication\" (\"L\u00e4hedal asuv suhtlus\"), mis, nagu nimigi viitab, v\u00f5imaldab suhelda l\u00fchikese vahemaa tagant \u00fchilduvate seadmete vahel. Selleks on vajalik v\u00e4hemalt \u00fcks seade signaali edastamiseks ja teine vastuv\u00f5tmiseks. Mitmed seadmed kasutavad NFC-standardit ning neid loetakse passiivseteks v\u00f5i aktiivseteks.<\/p>\n

Passiivsed NFC-seadmed h\u00f5lmavad silte ja teisi v\u00e4ikseid edastajaid, mis saadavad teavet teistele NFC-seadmetele, ilma et oleks vaja oma toiteallikat. Siiski ei saa nad t\u00f6\u00f6delda mingit teavet, mis on saadetud teistest allikatest, ega \u00fchendada teisi passiivseid seadmeid. Need on sageli kasutusel interaktiivsetel t\u00e4histel seintel v\u00f5i n\u00e4iteks reklaamides.<\/p>\n

Aktiivsed seadmed suudavad andmeid saata v\u00f5i vastu v\u00f5tta ning omavahel ja passiivsete seadmetega andmeid vahetada. Hetkel on nutitelefonid k\u00f5ige levinumad aktiivsete NFC-seadmete vormid. Transiidikaartide lugejad ja kontaktivabad makseterminalid on samuti head n\u00e4ited sellest tehnoloogiast. <\/p>\n

Kuidas NFC t\u00f6\u00f6tab?<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00fc\u00fcd teame, mis on NFC, aga kuidas see t\u00f6\u00f6tab? Nagu Bluetooth, Wi-Fi ja muud traadita signaalid, t\u00f6\u00f6tab NFC teabe edastamise p\u00f5him\u00f5ttel raadiolainete kaudu. L\u00e4hiv\u00e4lja kommunikatsioon on \u00fcks standardeid traadita andmeedastuses. See t\u00e4hendab, et seadmed peavad vastama teatud spetsifikatsioonidele, et omavahel \u00f5igesti suhelda. NFC-tehnoloogia p\u00f5hineb vanadel RFID (raadiofrekventsi\u00f3ne identifitseerimise) ideedel, kus teabe edastamiseks kasutati elektromagnetilist induktsiooni.<\/p>\n

See t\u00e4histab olulist erinevust NFC ja Bluetoothi\/WiFi vahel. Esimene v\u00f5imaldab elektrit induktsioneerida passiivsetes komponentides (passiivne NFC) ning andmete edastamist. See t\u00e4hendab, et passiivsed seadmed ei vaja iseseisvat toiteallikat. Selle asemel saavad nad toite aktiivse NFC poolt genereeritud elektromagnetilisest v\u00e4ljast, kui see satub nende tegevuspiirkonda. Kahjuks ei paku NFC tehnoloogia piisavalt induktiivsust meie nutitelefonide laadimiseks, kuid juhtmevaba laadimine QI p\u00f5hineb umbes samal p\u00f5him\u00f5ttel.<\/p>\n

\"Mis
\n
\nNFC andmeedastuse sagedus on 13,56 megahertsi. Andmeid saab edastada kiirusel 106, 212 v\u00f5i 424 kbit\/s. See on piisavalt kiire andmeedastusvahemikuks \u2014 alates kontaktandmetest kuni piltide ja muusika vahetamiseni.<\/p>\n

Informatsiooni vahetamiseks seadmete vahel on NFC standardil kolm erinevat t\u00f6\u00f6re\u017eiimi. \u00dcks k\u00f5ige levinumaid kasutusviise (NFC) nutitelefonides on peer-to-peer re\u017eiim. See v\u00f5imaldab kahes NFC toega seadmes omavahel erinevat teavet vahetada. Selles re\u017eiimis vahetavad m\u00f5lemad seadmed andmete saatmisel aktiivset ja vastuv\u00f5tmisel passiivset re\u017eiimi.<\/p>\n

Lugemis-\/kirjutamisre\u017eiim on \u00fchesuunaline andme\u00fclekanne. Aktiivne seade, n\u00e4iteks teie nutitelefon, suhtleb teise seadmega, et lugeda sealt teavet. NFC reklaamtaged kasutavad samuti seda re\u017eiimi.<\/p>\n

Viimane t\u00f6\u00f6re\u017eiim on kaardi emuleerimine. NFC seade toimib nagu nutikas v\u00f5i kontaktiteta krediitkaart, et teha makseid v\u00f5i \u00fchendada \u00fchistranspordi tasumisse s\u00fcsteemidega.<\/p>\n

V\u00f5rdlus Bluetoothiga<\/h2>\n

\nNii et, millega NFC teistest juhtmevabadest tehnoloogiatest erineb? V\u00f5ite arvata, et NFC pole eriti vajalik, arvestades, et Bluetooth on laiaulatuslikum ja on juba aastaid juhtiv tehnoloogia (ja muide, domineerib nimetatud nutikodude ja nutitootmise s\u00fcsteemides). Siiski on nende vahel mitu olulist tehnilist erinevust, mis annavad NFC-le teatud olukordades olulisi eeliseid. Peamine argument NFC kasuks on see, et see vajab palju v\u00e4hem energiat kui Bluetooth. See teeb NFC ideaalseks passiivsete seadmete jaoks, nagu varem mainitud interaktiivsed sildid, kuna need t\u00f6\u00f6tavad ilma peamise toiteallikata.<\/p>\n

Kuid selle energias\u00e4\u00e4stu juures on mitmeid olulisi puudusi. Esiteks on edastusvahemik oluliselt v\u00e4iksem kui Bluetoothil. Kui NFC t\u00f6\u00f6tab 10 cm vahemikus, siis Bluetooth edastab andmeid \u00fcle 10 meetri kaugusele. Teiseks puuduseks on see, et NFC on veidi aeglasem kui Bluetooth. See edastab andmeid maksimaalse kiirusena vaid 424 kbit\/s, v\u00f5rreldes 2,1 Mbit\/s Bluetooth 2.1 puhul v\u00f5i umbes 1 Mbit\/s Bluetooth Low Energy puhul.<\/p>\n

Kuid NFC-l on \u00fcks suur eelis: kiire \u00fchendamine. Induktiivse \u00fchenduse ja k\u00e4sitsi paaritamise puudumise t\u00f5ttu kulub kahe seadme vahelise \u00fchenduse loomine v\u00e4hem kui \u00fcks k\u00fcmnendik sekundit. Kuigi t\u00e4nap\u00e4evane Bluetooth \u00fchendub \u00fcsna kiiresti, on NFC siiski v\u00e4ga mugav teatud stsenaariumides. Ja mobiilsed maksed on selle kindel rakendussf\u00e4\u00e4r.<\/p>\n

Samsung Pay, Android Pay ja Apple Pay kasutavad NFC-tehnoloogiat \u2014 kuigi Samsung Pay t\u00f6\u00f6tab teisiti, v\u00f5rreldes teistega. Samas kui Bluetooth on parem seade \u00fchendamiseks failide edastamiseks\/vahetamiseks, k\u00f5laritesse ja nii edasi, loodame, et NFC-l on oma koht t\u00e4nu kiiresti arenevatele mobiilimaksete tehnoloogiatele.<\/p>\n

Muide, k\u00fcsimus Hubist \u2014 kas kasutate NFC-tokenid oma projektides? Kuidas te seda teete?
\n
Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0417\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0425\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430! \u042f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u00abWhat is NFC and how does it work\u00bb \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c Robert Triggs. \u0412\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0431\u044b, \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432 2019-\u043c, \u0430 \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435 2020? \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f NFC \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432-\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53924","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Mis on NFC ja kuidas see t\u00f6\u00f6tab. Kas v\u00e4rskendame aluseid? | ProHoster","description":"Tere, Hubi kasutajad! Tutvustan teile Robert Triggsi artikli \"Mis on NFC ja kuidas see t\u00f6\u00f6tab\" t\u00f5lget. Tundub, et miks peaks originaali autor seda teemat k\u00e4sitlema 2019. aastal, kui mina t\u00f5lgin seda 2020. aasta alguses? T\u00e4na on NFC saanud oma t\u00f5elise elu ja lakanud olemast geekide tehnoloogia v\u00f5tmetokenite jaoks. N\u00fc\u00fcd on see ka","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chto-takoe-nfc-i-kak-on-rabotaet-osvezhim-osnovy","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"et_EE","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 NFC \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442. \u041e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b? | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0417\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0425\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430! \u042f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u00abWhat is NFC and how does it work\u00bb \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c Robert Triggs. \u0412\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0431\u044b, \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432 2019-\u043c, \u0430 \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435 2020? 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