{"id":54569,"date":"2019-12-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-28T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/chetyre-printsipa-perevoda-ili-v-chem-zhe-chelovek-ne-ustupit-mashinnomu-perevodchiku"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:35","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:35","slug":"chetyre-printsipa-perevoda-ili-v-chem-zhe-chelovek-ne-ustupit-mashinnomu-perevodchiku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/chetyre-printsipa-perevoda-ili-v-chem-zhe-chelovek-ne-ustupit-mashinnomu-perevodchiku","title":{"rendered":"Neli t\u00f5lkeprintsiipi, milles inimene masint\u00f5lkijale ei ole alla j\u00e4\u00e4v?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Juba ammu on \u00f5hus kuuldud, et masint\u00f5lge suudab asendada inimt\u00f5lkijat, vahel kostab v\u00e4iteid, nagu \"Inimt\u00f5lked ja Google'i n\u00e4rvivoogude masint\u00f5lge on peaaegu vahetatavad,\" kui Google kuulutas v\u00e4lja n\u00e4rviv\u00f5rkude masint\u00f5lkes\u00fcsteemi (GNMT). Loomulikult on n\u00e4rviv\u00f5rgud viimastel aastatel teinud tohutu sammu edasi ja tungivad \u00fcha kindlamalt igap\u00e4evaellu, kuid kas tehisintellekt on t\u00f5eliselt nii tugev, et suudab inimesi t\u00e4ies mahus asendada?
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nJah, aeg ei seisa. Globaliseerumise protsessid \u00fchendavad rahvaid, piirkondi, linnu ja riike \u00fchtseks v\u00f5rgustikuks, kus iga\u00fcks v\u00f5ib saada teavet, mis asub teises maailma nurgas (loomulikult, kui on makstud interneti eest). Inimesi k\u00f6idavad \u00fcha enam v\u00e4liskultuur, traditsioonid, ja eriti kirjandus, sealhulgas originaalkeeles; tavaliselt tarbivad inimesed sarnast teavet juba t\u00f6\u00f6deldatud ja t\u00f5lgituna arusaadavamasse keelde vastavate kogukondade, gruppide, avalike organisatsioonide v\u00f5i uudiste veebisaitide kaudu. Kuid juhtub ka nii, et teave j\u00f5uab kohale algses vormis, n\u00e4iteks m\u00f5ne k\u00f6itena originaalkeeles, aga kurvastuseks \u2014 inimesel pole alati sellel k\u00f6itel t\u00f5lget (uusi kirjandusteoseid ilmub niipalju, et ei j\u00f5ua k\u00f5ike t\u00f5lkida ning t\u00f5lgitakse esmalt populaarsed teosed), ja tal endal pole oskusi lugeda ja m\u00f5ista, millest raamatus kirjutatakse. Ja siin on tal mitu teed: oodata ametlikku t\u00f5lget (aga kui teos ei ole populaarne, siis tuleb kaua oodata), oodata fanaatiku t\u00f5lget (jah, leidub selliseid julgeid, kes sellele vaevusele \u00fcle v\u00f5tavad) v\u00f5i kasutada abivahendeid, nagu Google Translate.<\/p>\n

Esimene kaks teed on sarnased, kuna sa toetud inimt\u00f6\u00f6le; kuigi teine on kahtlasem, ei ole k\u00f5ik ametlikud t\u00f5lkijad head, seega \u00fchendame nad tinglikult \u00fcheks. Teine tee on seevastu palju v\u00e4hem sobilik, kuigi osa inimesi on juba valmis seda valmis ja l\u00f5plikuks tooteks pidama, ja just see kujutab suuremat ohtu kui masina enda t\u00f5lkija kvaliteet, mis on mugav t\u00f6\u00f6riist, mis on m\u00f5eldud t\u00f5lkija igap\u00e4evase t\u00f6\u00f6 lihtsustamiseks, aga mitte rohkem. Ja et mitte laskuda sellesse \u201evaenlasse\u201c, keda toetavad eelk\u00f5ige kvaliteedi suhtes leebed inimesed, tuleb j\u00e4rgida allpool toodud p\u00f5him\u00f5tteid.<\/p>\n

1. Sa t\u00f5lgid teksti sisu, mitte s\u00f5nu. Kui ma ei m\u00f5ista, siis ma ei t\u00f5lgi.<\/h3>\n

\nMasin toimib vastavalt algoritmidele. Ja need on t\u00f5epoolest keerulised vahelooduslikud algoritmid s\u00f5naraamatute ja grammatikareeglitega, seda tuleb tunnustada. Kuid! Teksti t\u00f5lkimine ei ole lihtsalt s\u00f5nade t\u00f5lkimine \u00fchest keelest teise, vaid palju keerulisem protsess. Oluline puudus masinat\u00f5lkijast on see, et ta ei suuda m\u00f5ista teksti sisu. <\/p>\n

Seet\u00f5ttu, t\u00f5lkija, arenda oma teadmisi t\u00f5lgitavas keeles kuni k\u00f5nek\u00e4\u00e4ndude, vanas\u00f5nade ja v\u00e4ljendite tasemeni. M\u00f5te on see, mis on k\u00f5ige olulisem ja esimene, mida pead tekstist omandama!<\/p>\n

2. \u00d5pi oma emakeelt, armsat, kodust, suurt ja v\u00e4gevat eesti keelt. T\u00f5lge peab t\u00e4ielikult vastama selle keele normidele, kuhu t\u00f5lgitakse, meie juhul eesti keelele.<\/h3>\n

\nJah, ma arvan, et see punkt on sama oluline kui v\u00e4lismaise keele tundmine, millest t\u00f5lget tehakse. Tihti juhtub, et t\u00f5lkijaks hakata p\u00fc\u00fcdnud inimesed teevad oma emakeeles vigu... Kui sinu kodus valitseb segadus ja kaos, kuidas sa saad minna teise makku ja \u00f5petada sealset peremeest korda pidama? \u00d5igesti, ei saa. <\/p>\n

Ma olen \u00fcldiselt lokaliseerimise strateegiate pooldaja ja seet\u00f5ttu usun, et igasugused katsed esitada kultuurilisi erinevusi tekstis l\u00e4bi vene keelele ebat\u00fc\u00fcpiliste vahendite on kohalikud vormid *-maniast, kus t\u00e4he asemel v\u00f5ib n\u00e4iteks kasutada gallo- v\u00f5i anglo- jne. Muidugi on teatud s\u00f5nade ring, nagu spetsiifilised pealkirjad (vali, \u0161ahh, kuningas jne), p\u00f6\u00f6rdumise viisid (h\u00e4ra, lord, h\u00e4rra) v\u00f5imalikud transformatsioonid, kuid see oleks m\u00f5istlikum. <\/p>\n

Armasta oma keelt. Hinda seda. <\/p>\n

Ja olgu teemad, mida teadlased r\u00e4\u00e4givad kultuuriliste omaduste s\u00e4ilitamisest, teksti peamine sisu on siiski s\u00fc\u017eee, tegelased, emotsioonid ja m\u00f5tted, samas kui kultuurikeskkonda on v\u00f5imalik m\u00f5ista muude meetoditega, n\u00e4iteks originaali keele \u00f5ppimisega. Ja t\u00f5lkija on vajalik, et muuta tekst lugemiseks kergesti arusaadavaks, st oma keelde.<\/p>\n

3. \u00c4ra karda v\u00e4lismaise teksti \u00fcmberkujundamist<\/h3>\n

\nMa ei hakka s\u00fcvenema t\u00f5lgeteooriasse, kuid on mitmeid konkreetseid tekstiliste t\u00f5lke-transformatsioonide meetodeid. T\u00f5lgitavas tekstis v\u00f5ivad lisanduda t\u00e4iendavad elemendid, m\u00f5ned v\u00f5ivad j\u00e4\u00e4da vahele v\u00f5i neid v\u00f5ib liigutada - k\u00f5ik see s\u00f5ltub t\u00f5lgitava teksti anal\u00fc\u00fcsist, kuid eeldab ka head emakeele oskust. Muide, masint\u00f5lke puhul j\u00e4\u00e4b inimene t\u00f5lkijast oluliselt maha. Masin t\u00f5lgib \u201enagu on\u201c, samas kui inimene oskab otsustada \u201ekuidas oleks parem\u201c ja tegutseda vastavalt.<\/p>\n

4. Ja neljas, ole kannatlik ja p\u00fcsiv<\/h3>\n

\nSest teksti t\u00f5lkimine on v\u00e4ga raske t\u00f6\u00f6, mis n\u00f5uab palju j\u00f5udu ja aega ning samuti teadmisi, laia silmaringi ja oskust kohaneda. <\/p>\n

Minu puhul t\u00f5lgin ma jaapani keelest, mis seab mind silmitsi mitmete lisav\u00e4ljendustega, ning masint\u00f5lkele ei tee elu kergemaks, kuna mustrite \u00e4ratundmine ida keeles m\u00e4ngib \u00fclisuur roll. Kuid ajaga, mil olen t\u00f5lkinud v\u00f5\u00f5rkeelseid tekste, olen v\u00e4lja t\u00f6\u00f6tanud neli eelpool mainitud p\u00f5him\u00f5tet, mis muudavad t\u00f5lke t\u00f5eliseks T\u00f5lkeks, mitte lihtsalt v\u00f5\u00f5rkeelsest tekstist kopeerimiseks. Need p\u00f5him\u00f5tted on minu arvates unikaalsed olenemata keelest \u2014 olgu see siis jaapani v\u00f5i inglise keel n\u00e4iteks. <\/p>\n

Kokkuv\u00f5tteks, kus siis t\u00f5lkija masinale ikkagi alla ei j\u00e4\u00e4?<\/h3>\n

\nInimene ei j\u00e4\u00e4 alla masint\u00f5lkijale oskuses m\u00f5ista, mis ei ole ilmne, sisu. Masin m\u00f5istab s\u00f5nu, s\u00f5nade seoseid, grammatika, s\u00f5navara, eranditult m\u00f5istab ta isegi homon\u00fc\u00fcme, kuid sisu kui tervikuna teksti m\u00f5ista, ei oska ta l\u00e4hiajal kindlasti. Kuid ka inimesel on vaja teksti sisu m\u00f5istmiseks oskuslikult valitseda oma emakeelt ja lugejal arvestada, et masint\u00f5lke tulemus v\u00f5ib olla t\u00f5elisest teksti sisust \u00fcsna kaugel.<\/p>\n

T\u00f5lkimise muutustest saate lugeda ja samal ajal harjutada siit.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

K\u00f5ik muu, ma arvan, ei \u00fcleta tavaliste teadmiste piire.
\n
Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0423\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430-\u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430, \u0430 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u00ab\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 Google Neural Machine, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043c\u044b\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 Google \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 (GNMT). \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0447\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54569","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Neli t\u00f5lke p\u00f5him\u00f5tet, v\u00f5i millega inimene masint\u00f5lkijale j\u00e4rele ei j\u00e4\u00e4? | ProHoster","description":"Juba ammu levivad kuuldused, et masint\u00f5lge suudab asendada inimt\u00f5lkijat, ja aeg-ajalt kuuleme v\u00e4iteid, nagu et \"Inimt\u00f5lkija ja Google Neural Machine'i t\u00f5lked on peaaegu eristamatud,\" kui Google kuulutas v\u00e4lja n\u00e4rviv\u00f5rkude masint\u00f5lke s\u00fcsteemi (GNMT). Loomulikult on viimase aja jooksul n\u00e4rviv\u00f5rgud teinud tohutu edusamme oma arengus ja muutuvad \u00fcha tugevamaks.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/chetyre-printsipa-perevoda-ili-v-chem-zhe-chelovek-ne-ustupit-mashinnomu-perevodchiku","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"et_EE","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0427\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 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