{"id":54569,"date":"2019-12-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-28T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/chetyre-printsipa-perevoda-ili-v-chem-zhe-chelovek-ne-ustupit-mashinnomu-perevodchiku"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:35","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:35","slug":"chetyre-printsipa-perevoda-ili-v-chem-zhe-chelovek-ne-ustupit-mashinnomu-perevodchiku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/chetyre-printsipa-perevoda-ili-v-chem-zhe-chelovek-ne-ustupit-mashinnomu-perevodchiku","title":{"rendered":"Neli t\u00f5lkeprintsiipi, milles inimene ei j\u00e4\u00e4 alla masint\u00f5lkijale.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Juba pikka aega on ringelnud kuulujutud, et masint\u00f5lge v\u00f5ib asendada inimt\u00f5lkija, ja aeg-ajalt kuuleb v\u00e4iteid, et \"Inimese ja Google'i n\u00e4rviv\u00f5rgu masint\u00f5lgete vahel ei ole peaaegu mingit vahet\", kui Google kuulutas v\u00e4lja n\u00e4rviv\u00f5rgu masint\u00f5lkes\u00fcsteemi (GNMT). Loomulikult on viimastel aastatel n\u00e4rviv\u00f5rgud teinud tohutu sammu arengus ja sisenevad \u00fcha tihedamalt igap\u00e4evaellu, kuid kas tehisintellekt on t\u00f5eliselt tugevnenud t\u00f5lkereas piisaval m\u00e4\u00e4ral, et inimesi asendada?
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nJah, aeg ei seisa. Globaliseerumise protsessid siduvad rahvaid, piirkondi, linnu ja riike \u00fchte v\u00f5rku, kus iga\u00fcks saab teavet, mis asub teisel pool maakera (loomulikult, kui ta on interneti eest maksnud). Inimesi t\u00f5mbab j\u00e4rjest enam v\u00e4liskultuur, traditsioonid ja eriti kirjandus, sageli just originaalkeeles; reeglina saavad inimesed seda teavet juba t\u00f6\u00f6deldud ja t\u00f5lgitud keeles, mille on valmistanud vastavad kogukonnad v\u00f5i inimgrupid, avalikud lehed v\u00f5i uudistesaitide kaudu. Kuid juhtub ka, et teave j\u00f5uab kohale algses vormis, nagu m\u00f5ni k\u00f6ide originaalkeeles, aga kurja! \u2013 inimene ei pruugi alati sellel k\u00f6idul t\u00f5lget olla (uue kirjanduse ilmub nii palju, et t\u00f5lkida ei j\u00f5ua, ja t\u00f5lgitakse esmajoones populaarseid teoseid), ja tal endal ei ole oskusi lugeda ja m\u00f5ista, millest raamat r\u00e4\u00e4gib. Ja siis on tal mitu teed: oodata ametlikku t\u00f5lget (aga kui teos ei ole populaarne, siis tuleb oodata kaua), oodata entusiastlikku t\u00f5lget (jah, leidub selliseid julgemaid, kes selle t\u00f6\u00f6 endale v\u00f5tavad) v\u00f5i kasutada abivahendeid, nagu Google Translate.<\/p>\n

Kaks esimest teed on sarnased, kuna sa toetud inimt\u00f6\u00f6le. Kuigi teine on veidi kaheldavam, ei ole k\u00f5ik ametlikud t\u00f5lgid head, seega \u00fchendame konditsionaalselt need kokku. Teine tee on aga palju v\u00e4hem sobiv, kuigi osa inimesi on juba valmis seda kui valmis ja l\u00f5plikku toodet vastu v\u00f5tma, ja see esitab suurema ohu kui t\u00f5lkija kvaliteet ise, mis on mugav t\u00f6\u00f6riist, mis on m\u00f5eldud t\u00f5lkijate rutiinse t\u00f6\u00f6 lihtsustamiseks, kuid mitte rohkem. Et mitte alla j\u00e4\u00e4da sellele \u201evaenlasele\u201c, keda toetavad eelk\u00f5ige t\u00f5lke kvaliteedi suhtes leebed inimesed, tuleb j\u00e4rgida allpool esitatud p\u00f5him\u00f5tteid.<\/p>\n

1. Sa t\u00f5lgid teksti t\u00e4hendust, mitte s\u00f5nu. Kui ei saa aru \u2013 ei t\u00f5lgi.<\/h3>\n

\nMasin t\u00f6\u00f6tab algoritmide j\u00e4rgi. Ja need on t\u00f5epoolest keerulised keelevahelised algoritmid, kus kasutatakse s\u00f5naraamatuid ja grammatikareegleid, sellele tuleb anda tunnustust. Kuid! Teksti t\u00f5lkimine ei ole lihtsalt s\u00f5nade t\u00f5lkimine \u00fchest keelest teise, vaid palju keerulisem protsess. Oluline puudus masint\u00f5lkest on see, et ta ei suuda m\u00f5ista teksti t\u00e4hendust. <\/p>\n

Seet\u00f5ttu, inimene-t\u00f5lk, arenda oma t\u00f5lgitava keele teadmisi kuni k\u00f5nek\u00e4\u00e4ndude, \u00fctlemiste ja fraasiliste v\u00e4ljenditeni. T\u00e4hendus \u2013 see on peamine ja esimene asi, mida sa pead tekstist omandama!<\/p>\n

2. \u00d5pi oma emakeelt, kallist s\u00fcdamele, kodumaist, suurt ja v\u00f5imsat vene keelt. T\u00f5lge peab t\u00e4ielikult vastama t\u00f5lgitava keele normidele, antud juhul vene keelele.<\/h3>\n

\nJah, ma pean seda punkti sama oluliseks kui v\u00f5\u00f5rkeele teadmise, millest t\u00f5lget tehakse. On sageli juhtumeid, kus t\u00f5lkijana tegutsevad inimesed teevad vigu oma emakeeles... Kui su kodus valitseb segadus ja kaos, kuidas sa saad minna teise koju ja \u00f5petada selle peremeest korda pidama? \u00d5ige, ei saa. <\/p>\n

Ma arvan, et t\u00f5lke strateegias on soovitatav j\u00e4rgida domestikatsiooni, mist\u00f5ttu pean igasuguseid katseid esitada kultuurilisi erinevusi tekstis, kasutades vene keelele mittesobivaid vahendeid, kohalikeks *-manni vormideks, kus t\u00e4he asemel v\u00f5ib n\u00e4iteks kasutada gallo- v\u00f5i anglo- jne. Muidugi v\u00f5ib teatud s\u00f5naringi, nagu riigispetsiifilised tiitlid (vali, \u0161ahh, kuningas jne), p\u00f6\u00f6ramisviisid (mees, h\u00e4rra, isand) kohandada, kuid see oleks m\u00f5ttetu. <\/p>\n

Armasta oma keelt. Hinda seda. <\/p>\n

Ja olenemata sellest, mida ekspertid \u00fctlevad tekstis kultuuriliste erip\u00e4rade s\u00e4ilitamise kohta, on k\u00f5ige olulisem tekstis selle s\u00fc\u017eee, tegelased, emotsioonid ja t\u00e4hendused; kultuurikeskkonna m\u00f5istmiseks saab kasutada ka muid meetodeid, n\u00e4iteks \u00f5ppida originaalkeelt. Ja t\u00f5lkija ongi vajalik, et t\u00f5lkida tekst loetavaks vormiks, st emakeelde.<\/p>\n

3. \u00c4ra karda v\u00e4liskirjanduse teksti \u00fcmberkujundamist<\/h3>\n

\nMa ei hakka s\u00fcvitsi minema t\u00f5lketeooriasse, kuid on olemas mitmeid konkreetseid t\u00f5lketehnikaid. T\u00f5lgitud tekstis v\u00f5ivad lisanduda v\u00f5i \u00e4ra j\u00e4\u00e4da elemente, neid v\u00f5ib liigutada \u2014 see k\u00f5ik s\u00f5ltub t\u00f5lgitava teksti anal\u00fc\u00fcsist, aga eeldab ka head emakeelt. \u00dcldiselt, siinkohal j\u00e4\u00e4b masint\u00f5lkija inimesest kaugele maha. Masin t\u00f5lgib \"nagu on\", aga inimene v\u00f5ib otsustada \"kuidas paremini\" ja tegutseda vastavalt.<\/p>\n

4. Ja neljas, ole kannatlik ja visad<\/h3>\n

\nSest tekstide t\u00f5lkimine on v\u00e4ga raske t\u00f6\u00f6, mis n\u00f5uab palju energiat ja aega, samuti teadmisi, laialdast silmaringi ja kohanemisv\u00f5imet. <\/p>\n

Mis puutub mind, siis teen t\u00f5lkeid jaapani keelest, mis seab mind silmitsi mitmete lisabarj\u00e4\u00e4ridega, ja masint\u00f5lkijale ei tee elu lihtsamaks, kuna idamaiste keeltes m\u00e4ngib visuaalne \u00e4ratundmine v\u00e4ga olulist osa. Kuid selle aja jooksul, mil olen t\u00f5lkinud v\u00e4lismaiseid tekste, olen v\u00e4lja t\u00f6\u00f6tanud need neli p\u00f5him\u00f5tet, mis muudavad t\u00f5lkimise t\u00f5lkimiseks, mitte lihtsalt v\u00e4lismaise teksti kopeerimiseks ning mis minu arvates on igal juhul ainulaadsed, olgu need jaapani v\u00f5i inglise keelt. <\/p>\n

Ja kokkuv\u00f5ttes, milles t\u00e4pselt t\u00f5lkija masinale alla ei j\u00e4\u00e4?<\/h3>\n

\nInimene ei j\u00e4\u00e4 masin\u00fcbersetajale alla tekstist arusaamise oskuselt, mis ei ole ilmne, sisu. Masin m\u00f5istab s\u00f5nu, s\u00f5naliite, grammatikat, leksikat, m\u00f5nikord eristab homon\u00fc\u00fcme, kuid sisu kui teksti komposiit ei saa ta l\u00e4hitulevikus kindlasti osata. Kuid ka inimesel, et m\u00f5ista teksti sisu, peab h\u00e4sti valdama emakeelt ning lugeja peab arvestama, et masin\u00fcbersetuse tulemus v\u00f5ib olla t\u00f5elisest tekstis sisust v\u00e4ga kaugel.<\/p>\n

T\u00f5lketehingute kohta saate lugeda ja samal ajal harjutada siit.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

K\u00f5ik muu, arvan ma, j\u00e4\u00e4b tavap\u00e4raste teadmiste raamidesse.
\n
Allikas: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0423\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430-\u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430, \u0430 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u00ab\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 Google Neural Machine, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043c\u044b\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 Google \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 (GNMT). \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0447\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54569","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Neli t\u00f5lkeprintsiipi, mille juures inimene masint\u00f5lkele j\u00e4rele ei j\u00e4\u00e4? | ProHoster","description":"Juba ammu on \u00f5hus k\u00f5lanud kuuldusi, et masint\u00f5lge suudab asendada inimt\u00f5lkijat, ja vahel kuuleb v\u00e4iteid nagu \"Inimese ja Google Neural Machine'i t\u00f5lked on peaaegu.\"","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/chetyre-printsipa-perevoda-ili-v-chem-zhe-chelovek-ne-ustupit-mashinnomu-perevodchiku","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"et_EE","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0427\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0443? 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