{"id":79720,"date":"2020-04-29T19:42:33","date_gmt":"2020-04-29T17:42:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/znachitelnoe-obnovlenie-globalnoj-deczentralizovannoj-fajlovoj-sistemy-ipfs-0-5"},"modified":"2020-04-29T19:42:33","modified_gmt":"2020-04-29T17:42:33","slug":"znachitelnoe-obnovlenie-globalnoj-deczentralizovannoj-fajlovoj-sistemy-ipfs-0-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/znachitelnoe-obnovlenie-globalnoj-deczentralizovannoj-fajlovoj-sistemy-ipfs-0-5","title":{"rendered":"Oluline uuendus globaalses detsentraliseeritud failis\u00fcsteemis IPFS 0.5","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Esitletud<\/a><\/noindex> uue versiooni jagatud failis\u00fcsteemist IPFS 0.5<\/a><\/noindex> (InterPlanetary File System), \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0451\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 P2P-\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. IPFS \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445, \u043a\u0430\u043a Git, BitTorrent, Kademlia, SFS \u0438 Web, \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0439 «\u0440\u043e\u0439» BitTorrent (\u043f\u0438\u0440\u044b, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435), \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f Git-\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0421 IPFS \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b HTTP \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0424\u0421 \/ipfs \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f FUSE. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Go \u0438 GNU \u00dcldine Avaliku litsentsi alusel.<\/a><\/noindex> lisandub Apache 2.0 ja MIT litsentside alla. Lisa arendatakse<\/a><\/noindex> IPFS protokolli rakendus JavaScriptis, mis v\u00f5ib t\u00f6\u00f6tada brauseris.<\/p>\n

Peamine omadus<\/a><\/noindex> IPFS on sisukorraldusse suunatud aadressimine, kus faili ligip\u00e4\u00e4sulink on otseselt seotud selle sisuga (sisaldab sisu kr\u00fcptograafilist hash'i). IPFS-il on sisseehitatud versioonihalduse tugi. Faili aadressi ei saa vabatahtlikult \u00fcmber nimetada, see v\u00f5ib muutuda vaid sisu muutumise korral. Samamoodi ei saa faili muuta ilma aadressi muutmiseta (vana versioon j\u00e4\u00e4b endisele aadressile ja uus on kergesti k\u00e4ttesaadav teise aadressi kaudu, kuna faili sisu hash muutub). Arvestades, et faili identifikaator muutub igal muutmisel, on erinevate failiversioonide jaoks pidevate aadresside sidumiseks ette n\u00e4htud teenused.IPNS<\/a><\/noindex>), v\u00f5i kinnitada pseudon\u00fc\u00fcdide kasutamine sarnasel viisil nagu traditsioonilised FS ja DNS (MFS<\/a><\/noindex> (Mutable File System) ja DNSLink<\/a><\/noindex>).<\/p>\n

Sarnaselt BitTorrentile salvestatakse andmed otse osalejate s\u00fcsteemides, kes vahetavad teavet P2P re\u017eiimis, ilma tsentraliseeritud s\u00f5lmede seotuse vajaduseta. Kui on vaja teatud sisu faili hankida, leiab s\u00fcsteem osalejad, kellel see fail olemas, ning edastab selle nende s\u00fcsteemidest osade kaupa mitmesugustes voogudes. P\u00e4rast faili oma s\u00fcsteemi allalaadimist muutub osaleja automaatselt \u00fcheks selle jagamise punktiks. Osalejate m\u00e4\u00e4ramiseks, kelle s\u00f5lmedes on huvipakkuv sisu, kasutatakse kasutatakse<\/a><\/noindex> jaotatud r\u00e4si tabelit (DHT<\/a><\/noindex>). <\/p>\n

\"Oluline<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Oluliselt v\u00f5ib IPFSi k\u00e4sitleda jaotatud uue p\u00f5lvkonna veebina, kus aadressimine toimub sisu, mitte asukoha ja suvaliste nimede p\u00f5hjal. Lisaks failide s\u00e4ilitamisele ja andmete vahetamisele v\u00f5ib IPFS-i kasutada uute teenuste loomise aluseks, n\u00e4iteks serverivabade veebisaitide korraldamiseks v\u00f5i jaotatud... rakendused<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

IPFS aitab lahendada selliseid probleeme nagu salvestamise usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rsus (kui algne salvestus on riknenud, saab faili laadida teiste kasutajate s\u00fcsteemidest), sisu tsenseerimisele vastupanu (sisu blokeerimiseks tuleb blokeerida k\u00f5ik s\u00fcsteemid, millel on andmete koopia) ja juurdep\u00e4\u00e4su korraldamine, kui otse\u00fchendust internetiga ei ole v\u00f5i kui \u00fchenduse kvaliteet on halb (saab laadida andmeid l\u00e4himate osalejate kaudu kohalikus v\u00f5rgus).<\/p>\n

Versioonis IPFS 0.5<\/a><\/noindex> m\u00e4rgatavalt suurenenud j\u00f5udlus ja t\u00f6\u00f6 usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rsus. Avalik IPFS-v\u00f5rk on \u00fcletanud 100 000 s\u00f5lme, ning muudatused IPFS 0.5 versioonis kajastavad protokolli kohandamist sarnastes tingimustes t\u00f6\u00f6tamiseks. Optimeerimised on peamiselt keskendunud sisu marsruutimise mehhanismide parandamisele, mis vastutavad otsimise, kuulutamise ja andmete hankimise eest, samuti rakendamise efektiivsuse suurendamisele. jaotatud hash-tabel<\/a><\/noindex> (DHT), mis annab teavet s\u00f5lmede kohta, kus on otsitud andmeid. DHT-ga seotud kood on peaaegu t\u00e4ielikult \u00fcmber kirjutatud, mis on oluliselt kiirendanud sisu otsingu ja IPNS-i kirje m\u00e4\u00e4ramise operatsioone.<\/p>\n

Eelk\u00f5ige on andmete lisamise operatsioonide kiirus kahekordistunud, uue sisu v\u00f5rku saatmine 2,5 korda,
\nandmete v\u00e4ljav\u00f5tmine 2 kuni 5 korda ja sisu otsimine 2 kuni 6 korda.
\nUuendatud suunamis- ja teavitamismehanismid on v\u00f5imaldanud v\u00f5rgu t\u00f6\u00f6 kiirusel suureneda 2\u20133 korda, parem l\u00e4bilaskev\u00f5ime ja taustal liikluse edastamine. J\u00e4rgmises v\u00e4ljaandes plaanitakse juurutada QUIC-protokollil p\u00f5hinevat transporti, mis toob kaasa veelgi suurema j\u00f5udluse kasvu, v\u00e4hendades viivitusi. <\/p>\n

IPNS-i (Inter-Planetary Name System) s\u00fcsteemi t\u00f6\u00f6 on kiiruselt paranenud ning usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rsus on t\u00f5usnud, mida kasutatakse pidevate linkide loomisel muutuvale sisule. Uus eksperimentaalne pubsub-transport v\u00f5imaldas kiirendada IPNS-i kirjade edastamist 30\u201340 korda, testides tuhandete s\u00f5lmedega v\u00f5rgus (eksperimentide jaoks on arendatud spetsiaalne P2P-v\u00f5rgu simulaator<\/a><\/noindex>). Ligikahe toodi t\u00f6\u00f6tluse efektiivsus.
\nBadger, mida kasutatakse operatsioonis\u00fcsteemi faili s\u00fcsteemiga suhtlemiseks. Ait\u00e4h as\u00fcnkroonsete kirjutamise toimingute toele t\u00f6\u00f6tab Badger n\u00fc\u00fcd 25 korda kiiremini vanast flatfs-i t\u00f6\u00f6tlusest. T\u00f5usutootlikkus m\u00f5jutab ka mehhanismi Bitswap<\/a><\/noindex>, mis on kasutusel failide edastamiseks s\u00f5lmede vahel.<\/p>\n

\"Oluline<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

\u0418\u0437 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 TLS \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0432 HTTP-\u0448\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0435 — \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (dapps) \u0438 web-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0445\u044d\u0448-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438, IPNS, DNSLink, ENS \u0438 \u0442.\u043f. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d \/p2p, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432 (\/ipfs\/peer_id → \/p2p\/peer_id). \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u043a «.eth» \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0447\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 IPFS \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445.<\/p>\n

IPFS-i arendust toetav startup Protocol Labs arendab paralleelselt projekti FileCoin<\/a><\/noindex>, mis see on IPFS-i pealispind. Kui IPFS v\u00f5imaldab osalistel andmeid omavahel salvestada, k\u00fcsida ja edastada, siis Filecoin areneb plokiahelatehnoloogiatele tugineva platvormina p\u00fcsivaks salvestamiseks. Filecoin annab kasutajatele, kellel on kasutamata kettaruum, v\u00f5imaluse selle v\u00f5rgu jaoks teatud tasu eest pakkuda, samas kui kasutajad, kellel on salvestusruumi vajadus, saavad selle osta. Kui vajadus ruumi j\u00e4rgi kaob, v\u00f5ib kasutaja selle m\u00fc\u00fca. Nii kujuneb v\u00e4lja salvestusruumi turg, mille tehingud toimuvad tokenites. Filecoin<\/a><\/noindex>, mis on loodud kaevandamise abil.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Allikas: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b IPFS 0.5 (InterPlanetary File System), \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0451\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 P2P-\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. IPFS \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445, \u043a\u0430\u043a Git, BitTorrent, Kademlia, SFS \u0438 Web, \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0439 «\u0440\u043e\u0439» BitTorrent (\u043f\u0438\u0440\u044b, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435), \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f Git-\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0421 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":79721,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-79720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Oluline uuendus globaalsesse detsentraliseeritud failis\u00fcsteemi IPFS 0.5 | ProHoster","description":"Esitleti uut versiooni detsentraliseeritud failis\u00fcsteemist IPFS 0.5 (InterPlanetary File System), mis loob globaalse versiooniga failide salvestuse, mis on juurutatud P2P-v\u00f5rgu kujul, mida moodustavad osalejate s\u00fcsteemid. IPFS \u00fchendab ideid, mida on varem rakendatud sellistes s\u00fcsteemides nagu Git, BitTorrent, Kademlia, SFS ja Web, ja sarnaneb \u00fchtse 'parved' BitTorrentiga (peerid, mis osalevad jagamises), vahetades Git-objekte. 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