{"id":91210,"date":"2020-08-10T01:42:13","date_gmt":"2020-08-09T23:42:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/1-5-shemy-na-otechestvennom-ipsec-vpn-testiruyu-demoversii"},"modified":"2020-08-10T01:42:13","modified_gmt":"2020-08-09T23:42:13","slug":"1-5-shemy-na-otechestvennom-ipsec-vpn-testiruyu-demoversii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/administrirovanie\/1-5-shemy-na-otechestvennom-ipsec-vpn-testiruyu-demoversii","title":{"rendered":"1.5 skeemid kodumaisel IPsec VPN-il. Testin demoversioonide","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 skeemid kodumaisel IPsec VPN-il. Testin demoversioonide\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/34026e07ff4a1fd64227224ca4c96f0d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>Situatsioon<\/h3>\n<p>\nSaavutasin S-Terra VPN versiooni 4.3 kolmekuulise demoversiooni. Tahaksin v\u00e4lja selgitada, kas minu inseneri elu muutub lihtsamaks uuele versioonile \u00fcle minnes.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e4na pole see keeruline, \u00fcks pakike lahustuvat kohvi 3 in 1 peaks piisama. R\u00e4\u00e4gin, kuidas demoversioone saada. Proovin koguda GRE-over-IPsec ja IPsec-over-GRE skeeme.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>Kuidas saada demoversioon<\/h3>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 skeemid kodumaisel IPsec VPN-il. Testin demoversioonide\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/0c5482e01684b8c7b3e35fb9c473b475.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nJoonist n\u00e4htavasti, et demoversiooni saamiseks tuleb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Saada kiri presale@s-terra.ru oma ettev\u00f5tte e-posti aadressilt;<\/li>\n<li>Kirjas m\u00e4rkida oma organisatsiooni KMKR;<\/li>\n<li>Loetleda tooted ja nende kogus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nDemoversioonid kehtivad kolm kuud. Tootja ei piira nende funktsionaalsust. <\/p>\n<h3>K\u00e4itan pilti<\/h3>\n<p>\nTurvav\u00e4rava demoversioon on virtuaalse masina pilt. Kasutan VMWare Workstation'i. T\u00e4ielik loend toetatud h\u00fcperviisoritest ja virtualiseerimiskeskkondadest on saadaval tootja veebisaidil. <\/p>\n<p>Enne aktiivsete tegevuste alustamist tasub t\u00e4helepanu p\u00f6\u00f6rata sellele, et virtuaalmasina pildil puuduvad vaikimisi v\u00f5rgu liidesed: <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 skeemid kodumaisel IPsec VPN-il. Testin demoversioonide\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/b1ffa5f27aae9744fc24a91b709794d6.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nLoogika on selge, kasutaja peab lisama nii palju liideseid, kui tal on vaja. Lisa kohe neli:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 skeemid kodumaisel IPsec VPN-il. Testin demoversioonide\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/626f2e1ba04babd37373298d650b210d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nN\u00fc\u00fcd k\u00e4itan virtuaalmasina. Koheselt p\u00e4rast k\u00e4ivitamist k\u00fcsib v\u00e4rav kasutajanime ja parooli. <\/p>\n<blockquote><p>S-Terra V\u00e4ravas on mitu konsoli erinevate kontodega. Arvutan nende arvu eraldi artiklis. Aga seni:<br \/>\n<code>Logi sisse: administraator<br \/>\nParool: s-terra<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nAlgatan v\u00e4rava. Algatamine on tegevuste j\u00e4rjestus: litsentsi sisestamine, juhuslike arvude generaatori seadistamine (klaviatuuritreener \u2013 minu rekord on 27 sekundit) ja v\u00f5rgu liideste kaardi loomine.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00f5rgu liideste kaart. Asjad l\u00e4hevad lihtsamaks<\/h3>\n<p>\nVersioon 4.2 tervitas aktiivset kasutajat teadetega:<\/p>\n<p><code>IPsec daemon'i k\u00e4ivitamine..... eba\u00f5nnestus<br \/>\nVIGA: ei saanud daemoniga \u00fchendust luua<\/code><\/p>\n<p><i>Aktiivne kasutaja (anon\u00fc\u00fcmse inseneri m\u00e4\u00e4ratluse kohaselt) \u2013 kasutaja, kes suudab k\u00f5ik kiiresti ja ilma dokumentatsioonita seadistada.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Midagi l\u00e4ks valesti, juba enne, kui \u00fcritasin liidese IP aadressi seadistada. K\u00f5ik s\u00f5ltus v\u00f5rgu liideste kaardist. Pidi t\u00e4itma:<\/p>\n<p><code>\/bin\/netifcfg enum &gt; \/home\/map<br \/>\n\/bin\/netifcfg map \/home\/map<br \/>\nteenuse v\u00f5rgus tagasi alustamine<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Tulemuseks on v\u00f5rgu liideste kaart, mis sisaldab f\u00fc\u00fcsiliste liideste nimede (0000:02:03.0) ja nende loogiliste t\u00e4histuste kaardistamist operatsioonis\u00fcsteemis (eth0) ja Cisco-laadses konsolis (FastEthernet0\/0):<\/p>\n<p><code>#Unique ID iface type OS name Cisco-like name<\/p>\n<p>0000:02:03.0 phye eth0 FastEthernet0\/0<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Loogilisi liidese t\u00e4histusi nimetatakse aliaseks. Aliased asuvad failis \/etc\/ifaliases.cf. <br \/>\nVersioonis 4.3 luuakse virtuaalse masina esmakordsel k\u00e4ivitamisel v\u00f5rgukaart automaatselt. Kui muudate virtuaalmasinas v\u00f5rguliideste arvu, siis peaksite olema nii kena ja looma v\u00f5rgukaardi uuesti:<\/p>\n<p><code>\/bin\/netifcfg enum &gt; \/home\/map<br \/>\n\/bin\/netifcfg map \/home\/map<br \/>\nsystemctl restart networking<\/code><\/p>\n<h3>Schema 1: GRE \u00fcle IPsec<\/h3>\n<p>\nPaigaldan kaks virtuaalset v\u00e4ravat, l\u00fclitan nagu joonisel n\u00e4idatud:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 skeemid kodumaisel IPsec VPN-il. Testin demoversioonide\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/bf3b085f6874d04043511ef262979a39.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Samm 1. Seadistan IP aadressid ja marsruudid<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config) #\ninterface fa0\/0\nip address 172.16.1.253 255.255.255.0\nno shutdown\ninterface fa0\/1\nip address 192.168.1.253 255.255.255.0\nno shutdown\nip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.254<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG2(config) #\ninterface fa0\/0\nip address 172.16.1.254 255.255.255.0\nno shutdown\ninterface fa0\/1\nip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0\nno shutdown\nip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.253<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nKontrollin IP-\u00fchendust:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# ping 172.16.1.254 -c 4\nPING 172.16.1.254 (172.16.1.254) 56(84) bytes of data.\n64 bytes from 172.16.1.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.545 ms\n64 bytes from 172.16.1.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.657 ms\n64 bytes from 172.16.1.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.687 ms\n64 bytes from 172.16.1.254: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.273 ms\n\n--- 172.16.1.254 ping statistics ---\n4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3005ms\nrtt min\/avg\/max\/mdev = 0.273\/0.540\/0.687\/0.164 ms<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><b>Samm 2. Seadistan GRE<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Grein GRE seadistuse n\u00e4ide v\u00f5tan ametlikest stsenaariumidest. Loon faili gre1 kataloogis \/etc\/network\/interfaces.d koos sisuga.<\/p>\n<p>VG1 jaoks:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">auto gre1\niface gre1 inet static\naddress 1.1.1.1\nnetmask 255.255.255.252\npre-up ip tunnel add gre1 mode gre remote 172.16.1.254 local 172.16.1.253 key 1 ttl 64 tos inherit\npre-up ethtool -K gre1 tx off &gt; \/dev\/null\npre-up ip link set gre1 mtu 1400\npost-down ip link del gre1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nVG2 jaoks:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">auto gre1\niface gre1 inet static\naddress 1.1.1.2\nnetmask 255.255.255.252\npre-up ip tunnel add gre1 mode gre remote 172.16.1.253 local 172.16.1.254 key 1 ttl 64 tos inherit\npre-up ethtool -K gre1 tx off &gt; \/dev\/null\npre-up ip link set gre1 mtu 1400\npost-down ip link del gre1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nT\u00f5stan liidese s\u00fcsteemis:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# ifup gre1\nroot@VG2:~# ifup gre1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nKontrollin:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# ip address show\n8: gre1@NONE:  mtu 1400 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1\n    link\/gre 172.16.1.253 peer 172.16.1.254\n    inet 1.1.1.1\/30 brd 1.1.1.3 scope global gre1\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n\nroot@VG1:~# ip tunnel show\ngre0: gre\/ip remote any local any ttl inherit nopmtudisc\ngre1: gre\/ip remote 172.16.1.254 local 172.16.1.253 ttl 64 tos inherit key 1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nC-Terra v\u00e4raval on sisseehitatud pakettide nuhkija - tcpdump. Salvestan liiklust pcap faili:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG2:~# tcpdump -i eth0 -w \/home\/dump.pcap<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nK\u00e4ivitame ping GRE liideste vahel:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# ping 1.1.1.2 -c 4\nPING 1.1.1.2 (1.1.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data.\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.918 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.850 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.918 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.974 ms\n\n--- 1.1.1.2 ping statistics ---\n4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3006ms\nrtt min\/avg\/max\/mdev = 0.850\/0.915\/0.974\/0.043 ms<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nGRE tunnel on aktiivne ja t\u00f6\u00f6tab:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 skeemid kodumaisel IPsec VPN-il. Testin demoversioonide\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/0b56c02e36d1dd17b42e3fadcffb6193.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Samm 3. Kr\u00fcpteeri GOSTiga GRE<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Seadistan tuvastamise t\u00fc\u00fcbi \u2013 aadressi j\u00e4rgi. Autentimine eeldefineeritud v\u00f5tmega (Kasutustingimuste alusel tuleb kasutada digitaalseid sertifikaate):<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\ncrypto isakmp identity address\ncrypto isakmp key KEY address 172.16.1.254<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nSeadistan IPsec Phase I parameetrid:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\ncrypto isakmp policy 1\nencr gost\nhash gost3411-256-tc26\nauth pre-share\ngroup vko2<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nSeadistan IPsec Phase II parameetrid:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\ncrypto ipsec transform-set TSET esp-gost28147-4m-imit\nmode tunnel<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nLoon juurdep\u00e4\u00e4sulisti kr\u00fcpteerimiseks. Sihtliiklus \u2014 GRE:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\nip access-list extended LIST\npermit gre host 172.16.1.253 host 172.16.1.254<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nLoon kr\u00fcpto kaardi ja seon selle WAN liidese k\u00fclge:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\ncrypto map CMAP 1 ipsec-isakmp\nmatch address LIST\nset transform-set TSET\nset peer 172.16.1.253\ninterface fa0\/0\n  crypto map CMAP<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nVG2 konfigureerimine on peegeldus, erinevused:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG2(config)#\ncrypto isakmp key KEY address 172.16.1.253\nip access-list extended LIST\npermit gre host 172.16.1.254 host 172.16.1.253\ncrypto map CMAP 1 ipsec-isakmp\nset peer 172.16.1.254<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nKontrollin:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG2:~# tcpdump -i eth0 -w \/home\/dump2.pcap<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# ping 1.1.1.2 -c 4\nPING 1.1.1.2 (1.1.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data.\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1128 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=126 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.07 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.12 ms\n\n--- 1.1.1.2 ping statistika ---\n4 paketti edastatud, 4 vastatud, 0% pakettide kaotus, aeg 3006ms\nrtt min\/avg\/max\/mdev = 1.077\/314.271\/1128.419\/472.826 ms, pipe 2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nISAKMP\/IPsec statistika:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# sa_mgr show\nISAKMP sessioonid: 0 algatatud, 0 vastatud\n\nISAKMP \u00fchendused:\nNum Conn-id (Kohalik Aadress,Port)-(Kaugs Aadress,Port) Oleku Saadetud Vastuv\u00f5etud\n1 1 (172.16.1.253,500)-(172.16.1.254,500) aktiivne 1086 1014\n\nIPsec \u00fchendused:\nNum Conn-id (Kohalik Aadress,Port)-(Kaugs Aadress,Port) Protokoll Tegevus T\u00fc\u00fcp Saadetud Vastuv\u00f5etud\n1 1 (172.16.1.253,*)-(172.16.1.254,*) 47 ESP tunn 480 480<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nGRE pakettide dumpis ei olnud:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 skeemid kodumaisel IPsec VPN-il. Testin demoversioonide\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/cf96619cb4224cbf4da7c15db73587c7.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nKokkuv\u00f5te: GRE-over-IPsec skeem t\u00f6\u00f6tab \u00f5igesti.<\/p>\n<h3>Skeem 1.5: IPsec-over-GRE<\/h3>\n<p>\nIPsec-over-GRE kasutamine v\u00f5rgus ei ole minu plaanides. Koostan, sest tahan. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 skeemid kodumaisel IPsec VPN-il. Testin demoversioonide\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/98909280d82184278e23f2c38b90947d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nEt p\u00f6\u00f6rata GRE-over-IPsec skeem tagurpidi, tuleb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Parandada kr\u00fcpteerimisjuurdep\u00e4\u00e4sulisti \u2013 sihtliiklus LAN1-st LAN2-sse ja vastupidi;<\/li>\n<li>Seada GRE kaudu marsruutimine;<\/li>\n<li>Riputada kr\u00fcpto kaart GRE liidese k\u00fclge.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nVaikimisi Cisco-taolises konsolis pole GRE liidest. See eksisteerib ainult operatsioonis\u00fcsteemis. <\/p>\n<p>Loon GRE liidese Cisco-taolises konsolis. Selleks muudan faili \/etc\/ifaliases.cf:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">liides (nimi=&quot;FastEthernet0\/0&quot; muster=&quot;eth0&quot;)\nliides (nimi=&quot;FastEthernet0\/1&quot; muster=&quot;eth1&quot;)\nliides (nimi=&quot;FastEthernet0\/2&quot; muster=&quot;eth2&quot;)\nliides (nimi=&quot;FastEthernet0\/3&quot; muster=&quot;eth3&quot;)\nliides (nimi=&quot;Tunnel0&quot; muster=&quot;gre1&quot;)\nliides (nimi=&quot;default&quot; muster=&quot;*&quot;)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nkus gre1 \u2013 liidese t\u00e4histus operatsioonis\u00fcsteemis, Tunnel0 \u2013 liidese t\u00e4histus Cisco-taolises konsolis.<\/p>\n<p>Teen faili r\u00e4sistamise \u00fcmberarvutuse:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# integr_mgr calc -f \/etc\/ifaliases.cf\n\nEDU:  Tegevus \u00f5nnestus.<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nN\u00fc\u00fcd on Tunnel0 liides ilmunud Cisco-taolises konsolis:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1# show run\ninterface Tunnel0\nip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.252\nmtu 1400<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nKorrigeerin kr\u00fcpteerimisjuurdep\u00e4\u00e4sulisti:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\nip access-list extended LIST\npermit ip 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nSeadan GRE kaudu marsruutimist:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\nno ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.254\nip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.1.2<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nEemalin kr\u00fcptokaardi Fa0\/0 ja sidumine GRE liidesega:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">VG1(config)#\ninterface Tunnel0\ncrypto map CMAP<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nVG2-le sarnane.<\/p>\n<p>Kontrollin:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG2:~# tcpdump -i eth0 -w \/home\/dump3.pcap<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# ping 192.168.2.254 -I 192.168.1.253 -c 4\nPING 192.168.2.254 (192.168.2.254) from 192.168.1.253 : 56(84) bytes of data.\n64 bytes from 192.168.2.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=492 ms\n64 bytes from 192.168.2.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.08 ms\n64 bytes from 192.168.2.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.06 ms\n64 bytes from 192.168.2.254: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.07 ms\n\n--- 192.168.2.254 ping statistics ---\n4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3006ms\nrtt min\/avg\/max\/mdev = 1.064\/124.048\/492.972\/212.998 ms<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>ISAKMP\/IPsec statistika:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">root@VG1:~# sa_mgr show\nISAKMP sessions: 0 initiated, 0 responded\n\nISAKMP connections:\nNum Conn-id (Local Addr,Port)-(Remote Addr,Port) State Sent Rcvd\n1 2 (172.16.1.253,500)-(172.16.1.254,500) aktiivne 1094 1022\n\nIPsec connections:\nNum Conn-id (Local Addr,Port)-(Remote Addr,Port) Protocol Action Type Sent Rcvd\n1 2 (192.168.1.0-192.168.1.255,*)-(192.168.2.0-192.168.2.255,*) * ESP tunn 352 352<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nTrafi dumpis ESP paketid, mis on GRE-sse kapseldatud:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1.5 skeemid kodumaisel IPsec VPN-il. Testin demoversioonide\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/068865544de126a1673c6fb7b6367ffd.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nV\u00e4ljund: IPsec-over-GRE t\u00f6\u00f6tab \u00f5igesti.<\/p>\n<h3>Summary<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u00dche tassi kohvi jagus. Kirjutasin juhendi demoversiooni saamiseks. Seadsin GRE-over-IPsec \u00fcles ja t\u00f5stsin vastupidi.<\/p>\n<p>Versiooni 4.3 v\u00f5rgu liideste kaart on automaatne! Testin edasi.<\/p>\n<p><i>Anon\u00fc\u00fcmne insener<br \/>\nt.me\/anonimous_engineer<\/i><br \/>\n<br \/>Allikas: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/514190\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u042f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0421-\u0422\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0430 VPN \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 4.3 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430. \u0425\u043e\u0447\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0447\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0444\u0435 3 \u0432 1 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0443, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0443\u044e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u044b GRE-over-IPsec \u0438 IPsec-over-GRE. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u0418\u0437 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":91211,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-91210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/administrirovanie\/1-5-shemy-na-otechestvennom-ipsec-vpn-testiruyu-demoversii\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.1.1\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"et_EE\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd471.5 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c IPsec VPN. \u0422\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/administrirovanie\/1-5-shemy-na-otechestvennom-ipsec-vpn-testiruyu-demoversii\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-08-09T23:42:13+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-08-09T23:42:13+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd471.5 skeeme kodumaisel IPsec VPN-l. 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