{"id":94658,"date":"2020-09-19T13:42:15","date_gmt":"2020-09-19T11:42:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/red-hat-razvivaet-novuyu-fs-nvfs-effektivnuyu-dlya-nvm-pamyati"},"modified":"2020-09-19T13:42:15","modified_gmt":"2020-09-19T11:42:15","slug":"red-hat-razvivaet-novuyu-fs-nvfs-effektivnuyu-dlya-nvm-pamyati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/red-hat-razvivaet-novuyu-fs-nvfs-effektivnuyu-dlya-nvm-pamyati","title":{"rendered":"Red Hat arendab uut NVFS failis\u00fcsteemi, mis on efektiivne NVM-m\u00e4lu jaoks","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Mikul\u00e1\u0161 Pato\u010dka, \u00fcks LVM-i arendajatest ja mitme teose autor, leiutise autor<\/a><\/noindex>, mis on seotud salvestuss\u00fcsteemide t\u00f6\u00f6 optimeerimisega, t\u00f6\u00f6tab ettev\u00f5ttes Red Hat, esitles<\/a><\/noindex> Linuxi tuumade arendajate postiloendis on uus failis\u00fcsteem NVFS<\/a><\/noindex>, mille eesm\u00e4rk on luua kompaktne ja kiire failis\u00fcsteem energiavaba m\u00e4lu (NVM, non-volatile memory, n\u00e4iteks NVDIMM) kiipide jaoks, mis \u00fchendavad RAM-i j\u00f5udluse p\u00fcsiva sisu salvestamise v\u00f5imalusega. <\/p>\n

NVFS-i arendamisel on arvesse v\u00f5etud failis\u00fcsteemi NOVA<\/a><\/noindex>, mis loodi 2017. aastal spetsiaalselt NVM-m\u00e4lu jaoks, kuid ei saanud Linuxi tuuma koosseisu ja oma toe<\/a><\/noindex> Linuxi tuumadele versioonides 4.13 kuni 5.1.
\nPakutav failis\u00fcsteem NVFS on m\u00e4rksa lihtsam kui NOVA (4972 koodi rida vs 21459), pakub fsck t\u00f6\u00f6riista, omab k\u00f5rgemat j\u00f5udlust, toetab laiendatud atribuutide (xattrs), turvakihti, ACL-e ja kvoote, kuid ei toeta hetkepilte. Arhitektuur<\/a><\/noindex> NVFS on l\u00e4hedane
\nExt4 failis\u00fcsteemile ja sobib h\u00e4sti VFS aluseks olevate failis\u00fcsteemide mudelisse, mis v\u00e4hendab kihte ja v\u00f5imaldab kasutada moodulit, mis ei n\u00f5ua tuuma pat\u0161imise.<\/p>\n

NVFS kasutab tuuma liideseid DAX<\/a><\/noindex> otsejuurdep\u00e4\u00e4suks p\u00fcsivale m\u00e4lule, m\u00f6\u00f6da lehek\u00fclje vahem\u00e4lu. NVM-i m\u00e4lu kasutamisel, kus rakendatakse baitide aadressimist, kaardistatakse seadme sisu tuuma lineaarse aadressiruumi, ilma traditsioonilise blokeerimisseadme taseme ja vahevahem\u00e4lu kasutamiseta. Kaustade sisu salvestamiseks kasutatakse radix puu<\/a><\/noindex> , kus iga faili nimi on r\u00e4situd ja r\u00e4simise v\u00e4\u00e4rtust kasutatakse puus otsimiseks.<\/p>\n

Andmete terviklikkust tagatakse mehhanismi kaudu \u201cpehmed uuendused<\/a><\/noindex>\u201d (nagu UFS FreeBSD-s ja FFS OpenBSD-s) ilma \u017eurnaalimiseta. Failide kahjustumise v\u00e4ltimiseks grupeeritakse NVFS-is andmete muutmise operatsioonid selliselt, et krahh ei saa viia plokkide v\u00f5i inode-de kadumiseni ning struktuuride terviklikkus taastatakse fsck utiliidi abil. Utiliit fsck t\u00f6\u00f6tab mitme t\u00f6\u00f6protsessi re\u017eiimis ja tagab j\u00f5udluse kuni 1,6 miljonit inode-d sekundis.<\/p>\n

Uues j\u00f5udlustestide k\u00e4igus<\/a><\/noindex> NVFS viis l\u00e4bi juhtmete kopeerimist Linuxi tuuma algtekstidest NVM-m\u00e4lus ligikaudu 10% kiiremini kui NOVA, 30% kiiremini kui ext4 ja 37% kiiremini kui XFS. Andmete otsingu testis osutus failis\u00fcsteem NVFS NOVA-st 3% kiiremaks, samas kui ext4 ja XFS olid 15% aeglasemad (ent aktiivse ketta vahem\u00e4lu korral oli NOVA 15% aeglasem).
\nMiljoni katalooge puudutava toimingu testis \u00fcletas NVFS NOVA-d 40%, ext4 22% ja XFS 46%. Andmebaasi tegevuse simuleerimise korral \u00fcletas failis\u00fcsteem NVFS NOVA-d 20%, ext4 18 korda ja XFS 5 korda. Testis fs_mark olid NVFS ja NOVA n\u00e4itajad umbkaudselt samal tasemel, samas kui ext4 ja XFS j\u00e4id umbes 3 korda maha.<\/p>\n

Traditsiooniliste failis\u00fcsteemide mahaj\u00e4\u00e4mus NVM-m\u00e4lus on tingitud sellest, et need ei ole kohandatud bait-rahade addressimiseks, mis on seotud energia s\u00f5ltumatute m\u00e4lude kasutamisega, mis n\u00e4evad v\u00e4lja nagu tavaline RAM. Tavaliste salvestusseadmetest lugemine tagab aatomilisuse operatsioonil sektoori lugemise\/kirjutamise tasemel, samas kui NVM-m\u00e4lu tagab juurdep\u00e4\u00e4su individuaalsete masinakirjelduste tasemel. Lisaks p\u00fc\u00fcavad traditsioonilised failis\u00fcsteemid v\u00e4hendada salvestusseadmest tulevat koormust, kuna neid peetakse juba aeglasemaks kui RAM, ja nad p\u00fc\u00fcavad r\u00fchmitada operatsioone, et tagada j\u00e4rjestikune lugemine, kui kasutatakse k\u00f5vakettaid, t\u00f6\u00f6tada p\u00e4ringute j\u00e4rjekordadega, v\u00f5idelda killustatusega ning jagada erinevate operatsioonide t\u00e4itmise prioriteete. NVM-m\u00e4lu puhul on sellised keerukused liigsed, kuna andmete juurdep\u00e4\u00e4su kiirus on v\u00f5rdne RAM-iga ja juurdep\u00e4\u00e4su j\u00e4rjekord ei oma t\u00e4htsust.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Allikas: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Linux \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 NVFS, \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0421 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 (NVM, non-volatile memory, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 NVDIMM), \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u041e\u0417\u0423 \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-94658","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Red Hat arendab uut failis\u00fcsteemi NVFS, mis on efektiivne NVM-m\u00e4lu jaoks | ProHoster","description":"Mikul\u00e1\u0161 Pato\u010dka, \u00fcks LVM-i arendajatest ja mitmete optimeerimisega seotud leiutiste 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