{"id":99293,"date":"2021-02-28T10:22:45","date_gmt":"2021-02-28T08:22:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-yadro-linux-5-12-prinyata-podsistema-kfence-dlya-vyyavleniya-oshibok-pri-rabote-s-pamyatyu"},"modified":"2021-02-28T10:22:45","modified_gmt":"2021-02-28T08:22:45","slug":"v-yadro-linux-5-12-prinyata-podsistema-kfence-dlya-vyyavleniya-oshibok-pri-rabote-s-pamyatyu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/et\/blog\/news\/v-yadro-linux-5-12-prinyata-podsistema-kfence-dlya-vyyavleniya-oshibok-pri-rabote-s-pamyatyu","title":{"rendered":"Linuxi kernelisse 5.12 on lisatud KFence alams\u00fcsteem m\u00e4lu vigu tuvastamiseks","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Arenduses oleva Linuxi kerneli 5.12 koosseisu on lisatud KFence\u2019i (Kernel Electric Fence) mehhanismi teostus, mis kontrollib m\u00e4lukasutust, tuvastades puhvri piiridest v\u00e4ljumise, juba vabastatud m\u00e4lule p\u00f6\u00f6rdumise ja muud sama klassi vead. <\/p>\n

Sarnane funktsionaalsus oli juba p\u00f5hijoonena olemas KASAN-i (kernel address sanitizer, kasutab Address Sanitizer'i kaasaegsetes gcc ja clang) kogumise v\u00f5imalusena \u2014 kuid seda positsioneeriti peamiselt t\u00f5rkeotsingu kasutamiseks. KFence'i alams\u00fcsteem erineb KASAN-ist suure t\u00f6\u00f6kiirusest, mis v\u00f5imaldab seda funktsionaalsust kasutada isegi t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00fcsteemide kernetes. <\/p>\n

Kasutamine t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00fcsteemides v\u00f5imaldab tuvastada m\u00e4lukasutuse vigu, mis ei avaldu testk\u00e4ivitustes ja ilmnevad alles reaalse t\u00f6\u00f6koormuse all v\u00f5i pika t\u00f6\u00f6aja korral (suure uptime\u2019i puhul). Lisaks v\u00f5imaldab KFence\u2019i kasutamine t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00fcsteemides m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rselt suurendada nende masinate arvu, mis on kaasatud kerneli m\u00e4lut\u00f6\u00f6 kontrollimisse. <\/p>\n

KFence saavutab minimaalse koormusest s\u00f5ltumatu lisakulu t\u00e4nu sellele, et hunnikusse lisatakse kindlate ajavahemike j\u00e4rel kaitselehed (guard pages). Kui j\u00e4rgmine kaitseintervall l\u00f5peb, lisab KFence tavap\u00e4rase m\u00e4lueralduss\u00fcsteemi (SLAB v\u00f5i SLUB allocator) kaudu KFence\u2019i objektide puulist j\u00e4rgmise kaitselehe ja alustab uue ajaloenduri arvestust. Iga KFence\u2019i objekt paigutatakse eraldi m\u00e4lulehele ning vasakul ja paremal piiril asuvad m\u00e4lulehed toimivad kaitselehtedena (guard pages), mille suurus valitakse juhuslikult. <\/p>\n

Seega eraldatakse objektide lehed \u00fcksteisest kaitselehtede kaudu, mis on seadistatud genereerima \u201epage fault\u201d igasuguste p\u00f6\u00f6rdumiste korral. Kirjutamisoperatsioonide tuvastamiseks objekti lehtede v\u00e4listes piirides kasutatakse t\u00e4iendavalt <\/p>\n

Kui proovite p\u00f6\u00f6rduda v\u00e4lja poolest m\u00e4luala, m\u00f5jutab operatsioon kaitselehte, mis p\u00f5hjustab \u201epage fault\u201c genereerimist, mille KFence peatab ja logib tuvastatud probleemi andmed. Vaikimisi KFence ei blokeeri viga ning logib lihtsalt hoiatuse, kuid on ette n\u00e4htud seadistamine \u201epanic_on_warn\u201c, mis v\u00f5imaldab tuvastatud vea korral tuua kernelikriisi (panic) seisundisse.
\n
Allikas: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.12 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 KFence (Kernel Electric Fence), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 KASAN (kernel address sanitizer, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 Address Sanitizer \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 gcc […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99293","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Linuxi tuuma 5.12 lisati KFence\u2019i alams\u00fcsteem m\u00e4lukasutuse vigade tuvastamiseks | ProHoster","description":"Arenduses olevasse Linuxi tuuma 5.12 on lisatud KFence\u2019i (Kernel Electric Fence) mehhanismi teostus, mis kontrollib m\u00e4lukasutust, tuvastades puhvrite piiridest v\u00e4ljumist ja p\u00f6\u00f6rdumisi m\u00e4lu poole p\u00e4rast 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\u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0412 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.12 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 KFence (Kernel Electric Fence), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 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