{"id":105066,"date":"2022-09-11T09:37:07","date_gmt":"2022-09-11T09:37:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-sistemy-iniczializaczii-gnu-shepherd-0-9-2"},"modified":"2026-05-20T17:49:32","modified_gmt":"2026-05-20T17:49:32","slug":"vypusk-sistemy-iniczializaczii-gnu-shepherd-0-9-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/vypusk-sistemy-iniczializaczii-gnu-shepherd-0-9-2","title":{"rendered":"Publication du syst\u00e8me d'initialisation GNU Shepherd 0.9.2","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Le gestionnaire de services GNU Shepherd 0.9.2 (anciennement dmd) a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9, d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par les cr\u00e9ateurs de la distribution GNU Guix System comme alternative au syst\u00e8me d'initialisation SysV-init, prenant en charge les d\u00e9pendances. Le d\u00e9mon de gestion et les utilitaires de Shepherd sont \u00e9crits en Guile (une des impl\u00e9mentations du langage Scheme), qui est \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9 pour d\u00e9finir les param\u00e8tres de configuration et de d\u00e9marrage des services. Shepherd est d\u00e9j\u00e0 utilis\u00e9 dans la distribution GuixSD GNU\/Linux et vise \u00e9galement une utilisation avec GNU\/Hurd, mais peut fonctionner sur tout syst\u00e8me d'exploitation compatible POSIX pour lequel le langage Guile est disponible.      <\/p>\n<p>Shepherd g\u00e8re le lancement et l'arr\u00eat des services, prenant en compte les relations entre les services, d\u00e9terminant et lan\u00e7ant dynamiquement les services dont d\u00e9pend le service choisi. Shepherd prend \u00e9galement en charge la d\u00e9finition des conflits entre les services et emp\u00eache leur ex\u00e9cution simultan\u00e9e. Le projet peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 \u00e0 la fois comme principal syst\u00e8me d'initialisation (init avec PID 1) et de mani\u00e8re isol\u00e9e pour g\u00e9rer les processus d'arri\u00e8re-plan de diff\u00e9rents utilisateurs (par exemple, pour lancer tor, privoxy, mcron, etc.) avec des droits d'acc\u00e8s de ces utilisateurs.     <\/p>\n<p>Parmi les changements :  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Les descripteurs de fichiers utilis\u00e9s dans Shepherd sont d\u00e9sormais marqu\u00e9s avec le drapeau O_CLOEXEC (close-on-exec) au lieu d'\u00eatre imm\u00e9diatement ferm\u00e9s lors de l'ex\u00e9cution de la \u00ab exec-command \u00bb, ce qui permet de transmettre les descripteurs \u00e0 des services lanc\u00e9s de mani\u00e8re indirecte via \u00ab exec-command \u00bb.\n<li class=\"l\"> Les connexions clients sont d\u00e9sormais g\u00e9r\u00e9es en mode non-bloquant, ce qui permet d'\u00e9viter le blocage de shepherd lors de l'envoi d'une commande incompl\u00e8te.\n<li class=\"l\"> La cr\u00e9ation d'un r\u00e9pertoire pour les fichiers journaux sp\u00e9cifi\u00e9s dans la configuration \u00ab log-file \u00bb est assur\u00e9e en cas d'absence.      <\/ul>\n<p>Source : <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=57763\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 GNU Shepherd 0.9.2 (\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 dmd), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 GNU Guix System \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 SysV-init, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d \u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b Shepherd \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Guile (\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 Scheme), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432. Shepherd \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435 GuixSD GNU\/Linux \u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 GNU Shepherd 0.9.2 (\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 dmd), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 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