{"id":115283,"date":"2024-04-24T14:30:11","date_gmt":"2024-04-24T12:30:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-9-0-0"},"modified":"2024-04-24T14:30:11","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T12:30:11","slug":"vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-9-0-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-9-0-0","title":{"rendered":"Sortie de l'\u00e9mulateur QEMU 9.0.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La version 9.0 du projet QEMU a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e. En tant qu'\u00e9mulateur, QEMU permet d'ex\u00e9cuter des programmes compil\u00e9s pour une plateforme mat\u00e9rielle sur un syst\u00e8me avec une architecture compl\u00e8tement diff\u00e9rente, par exemple, d'ex\u00e9cuter une application pour ARM sur un PC compatible x86. En mode virtualisation, la performance d'ex\u00e9cution du code dans un environnement isol\u00e9 est proche de celle d'un syst\u00e8me mat\u00e9riel gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l'ex\u00e9cution directe des instructions sur le CPU et \u00e0 l'utilisation d'un hyperviseur Xen ou du module KVM sous Linux, ou du module NVMM sous NetBSD.    <\/p>\n<p>Le projet a \u00e9t\u00e9 initialement cr\u00e9\u00e9 par Fabrice Bellard dans le but de permettre l'ex\u00e9cution de fichiers ex\u00e9cutables Linux compil\u00e9s pour l'architecture x86 sur des architectures diff\u00e9rentes de x86. Au fil des ann\u00e9es, le projet a b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 de la prise en charge compl\u00e8te de 14 architectures mat\u00e9rielles, et le nombre de p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques mat\u00e9riels \u00e9mul\u00e9s a d\u00e9pass\u00e9 400. La version 9.0 a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9par\u00e9e avec plus de 2700 modifications provenant de 220 d\u00e9veloppeurs.           <\/p>\n<p>Am\u00e9liorations cl\u00e9s ajout\u00e9es dans QEMU 9.0 :   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Dans le pilote virtio-blk, qui fournit un p\u00e9riph\u00e9rique de bloc virtuel pour <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/vps\/\"   title=\"machines virtuelles\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2035\">machines virtuelles<\/a>, le support de syst\u00e8me de files d'attente multilevel (multiqueue) a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9, permettant de diviser les files d'attente pour diff\u00e9rents p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques de bloc afin d'assurer un acc\u00e8s multi-thread sur les syst\u00e8mes multi-c\u0153urs (diff\u00e9rentes files d'attente d'un m\u00eame disque peuvent \u00eatre trait\u00e9es par des fils d'entr\u00e9e\/sortie diff\u00e9rents).\n<li class=\"l\"> Le support des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s 'backend_defaults', 'logical_block_size', 'physical_block_size', 'min_io_size', 'opt_io_size' et 'discard_granularity' a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9 \u00e0 l'appareil usb-storage.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dans la biblioth\u00e8que gdbstub, destin\u00e9e au d\u00e9bogage \u00e0 distance dans GDB avec le protocole RSP (Remote Serial Protocol), le mode fork-follow a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9, ainsi que l'op\u00e9ration siginfo:read et l'interception des appels syst\u00e8me dans l'espace utilisateur.\n<li class=\"l\"> Les backends de pr\u00e9allocation de m\u00e9moire ont \u00e9t\u00e9 adapt\u00e9s pour fonctionner en mode multithread et peuvent d\u00e9sormais traiter simultan\u00e9ment des demandes provenant de plusieurs fils.\n<li class=\"l\"> Un mode 'mapped-ram' a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9 aux outils de migration des machines virtuelles, am\u00e9liorant l'efficacit\u00e9 de la cr\u00e9ation de snapshots des machines virtuelles. La d\u00e9tection de la page m\u00e9moire nulle a \u00e9t\u00e9 am\u00e9lior\u00e9e, ce qui a permis d'acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer consid\u00e9rablement la migration des machines virtuelles inactives avec le support de multifd dans le syst\u00e8me. Le support de la reprise \u00e0 partir de l'\u00e9tat enregistr\u00e9 (checkpoint-restart) a \u00e9t\u00e9 mis en \u0153uvre pour la migration bas\u00e9e sur VFIO (Virtual Function I\/O).\n<li class=\"l\"> R\u00e9impl\u00e9mentation du dispositif ESP SCSI (am53c974\/dc390).\n<li class=\"l\"> Le support de l'algorithme de cryptage SM4 a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9, avec la possibilit\u00e9 de l'utiliser dans le pilote de l'appareil bloc 'luks'.\n<li class=\"l\"> Le pilote 'luks' prend d\u00e9sormais en charge la cr\u00e9ation et l'utilisation de fichiers avec en-t\u00eates LUKS enregistr\u00e9s.\n<li class=\"l\"> L'\u00e9mulateur d'architecture ARM prend en charge les cartes L475E-IOT01A IoT, mp3-an536 (MPS3 avec le firmware AN536) et raspi4b (Raspberry Pi 4 Mod\u00e8le B). Ajout du support de l'\u00e9mulation des extensions de processeur ECV (Enhanced Counter Virtualization), NV (Nested Virtualization) et NV2 (Enhanced Nested Virtualization). Les capacit\u00e9s des \u00e9mulateurs de cartes Freescale i.MX6, Allwinner R40, Bananapi, Raspberry Pi, npcm7xx et virt ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tendues.\n<li class=\"l\"> L'\u00e9mulateur d'architecture RISC-V ajoute le support des extensions d'architecture du jeu d'instructions Zacas, amocas, RVA22, Zaamo, Zalrsc et Ztso. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"des machines virtuelles\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4248\">des machines virtuelles<\/a>  RISC-V assure la prise en charge de SMBIOS. Le support ACPI a \u00e9t\u00e9 impl\u00e9ment\u00e9 pour SRAT, SLIT, AIA et PLIC. La prise en charge des tables RHCT a \u00e9t\u00e9 mise \u00e0 jour.\n<li class=\"l\"> Le firmware de l'\u00e9mulateur d'architecture HPPA a \u00e9t\u00e9 mis \u00e0 jour vers la version 16 de SeaBIOS-hppa. La taille maximale de la m\u00e9moire a \u00e9t\u00e9 augment\u00e9e de 3 Go \u00e0 3840 Mo. Le support de l'option '--nodefaults' a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dans l'\u00e9mulateur d'architecture LoongArch, le support de l'acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration KVM a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9 et le support des extensions vectorielles du jeu d'instructions LSX\/LASX a \u00e9t\u00e9 impl\u00e9ment\u00e9.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dans l'\u00e9mulateur d'architecture s390x, le support des instructions CVDG, CVB, CVBY et CVBG a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9. L'\u00e9mulation LAE (Load Address Extended) a \u00e9t\u00e9 am\u00e9lior\u00e9e.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dans l'\u00e9mulateur d'architecture 68k, un dispositif nubus-virtio-mmio a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9, permettant d'acc\u00e9der aux dispositifs virtio depuis les machines q800.\n<li class=\"l\"> Une compilation avec le drapeau '-fzero-call-used-regs' a \u00e9t\u00e9 assur\u00e9e, permettant de se prot\u00e9ger contre les fuites d'informations depuis les fonctions et de r\u00e9duire le nombre de blocs propices \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation de gadgets ROP (Return-Oriented Programming) dans les exploits. Une compilation avec le drapeau '-ftrivial-auto-var-init=zero' pour l'initialisation automatique \u00e0 z\u00e9ro de toutes les variables stock\u00e9es dans la pile a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9e.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pour ex\u00e9cuter QEMU avec KVM, un noyau Linux 4.4 au minimum est d\u00e9sormais requis. Pour les h\u00f4tes ARM, ce seuil est pr\u00e9vu pour \u00eatre \u00e9lev\u00e9 \u00e0 la version 4.19 \u00e0 l'avenir. Le support des syst\u00e8mes d'exploitation Windows 32 bits en tant que syst\u00e8me d'exploitation h\u00f4te a \u00e9t\u00e9 abandonn\u00e9.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ajout du support d'OpenBSD 7.4.      <\/ul>\n<p>Source : <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=61060\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 QEMU 9.0. \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u044d\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 QEMU \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f ARM \u043d\u0430 x86-\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c \u041f\u041a. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 QEMU \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043a \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 CPU \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-115283","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 QEMU 9.0.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-9-0-0\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.2.1\" \/>\n\t\t<meta 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