La Federal Communications Commission (FCC) des \u00c9tats-Unis a approuv\u00e9 le r\u00e9tablissement des r\u00e8gles concernant le respect de la neutralit\u00e9 du net, qui avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 annul\u00e9es en 2018. Parmi les cinq membres de la commission ayant particip\u00e9 au vote, trois ont vot\u00e9 pour le r\u00e9tablissement des r\u00e8gles interdisant aux fournisseurs d'accorder des priorit\u00e9s payantes, de bloquer l'acc\u00e8s ou de limiter la vitesse d'acc\u00e8s au contenu et aux services distribu\u00e9s l\u00e9galement. <\/p>\n
Conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la d\u00e9cision adopt\u00e9e, l'acc\u00e8s large bande sera consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un \u00ab service d'information \u00bb et non comme un \u00ab service de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications \u00bb, ce qui mettra les diffuseurs de contenu et les op\u00e9rateurs de r\u00e9seaux sur un pied d'\u00e9galit\u00e9 et emp\u00eachera la discrimination d'une des parties. Les r\u00e8gles donneront \u00e9galement \u00e0 la FCC la possibilit\u00e9 d'exiger des fournisseurs des rapports sur les pannes, d'exercer une surveillance en mati\u00e8re de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de contr\u00f4ler la r\u00e9solution des probl\u00e8mes. <\/p>\n
Les partisans de la neutralit\u00e9 du net, parmi lesquels figurent principalement de grands fournisseurs de contenu et des services en ligne, estiment que tous les types de trafic sont \u00e9galement significatifs et s'opposent \u00e0 la discrimination des distributeurs de contenu en permettant aux op\u00e9rateurs de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications de classer le trafic en fonction de sa nature et de sa source. Une telle classification pourrait entra\u00eener une d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de la qualit\u00e9 d'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 certains sites et types de donn\u00e9es en raison d'une priorit\u00e9 accrue accord\u00e9e \u00e0 d'autres, et compliquerait le lancement de nouveaux services sur le march\u00e9, car ceux-ci perdraient d\u00e8s le d\u00e9part en qualit\u00e9 d'acc\u00e8s par rapport aux services ayant pay\u00e9 les fournisseurs pour augmenter la priorit\u00e9 de leur trafic. Selon les partisans de la neutralit\u00e9 du net, les r\u00e8gles instaur\u00e9es sont essentielles pour prot\u00e9ger les droits des consommateurs et pr\u00e9venir les abus de la part des op\u00e9rateurs de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications. <\/p>\n
Les opposants \u00e0 la neutralit\u00e9 du net, parmi lesquels figurent principalement les fournisseurs d'acc\u00e8s Internet et les fabricants d'\u00e9quipements r\u00e9seau, plaident pour la possibilit\u00e9 de modifier les priorit\u00e9s pour diff\u00e9rents types de trafic \u00e0 leur convenance. Cela pourrait, par exemple, permettre de collecter des redevances aupr\u00e8s des fournisseurs de contenu pour acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 leurs ressources ou am\u00e9liorer la qualit\u00e9 de l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 leurs services en r\u00e9duisant la vitesse d'acc\u00e8s aux services de leurs concurrents. Les partisans des nouvelles r\u00e8gles estiment \u00e9galement que la r\u00e9glementation suppl\u00e9mentaire des fournisseurs d'acc\u00e8s large bande ralentira le d\u00e9veloppement du secteur des t\u00e9l\u00e9communications et augmentera la surveillance par l'\u00c9tat, alors que la neutralit\u00e9 du net a jusqu'\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent \u00e9t\u00e9 efficacement r\u00e9gul\u00e9e par le biais de la concurrence sur le march\u00e9. \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0421\u0428\u0410 (FCC) \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b, \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e 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Source : opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"