{"id":116675,"date":"2024-06-20T18:06:01","date_gmt":"2024-06-20T16:06:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/proekt-exectos-razvivaet-otkrytuyu-os-naczelennuyu-na-sovmestimost-s-prilozheniyami-windows"},"modified":"2024-06-20T18:06:01","modified_gmt":"2024-06-20T16:06:01","slug":"proekt-exectos-razvivaet-otkrytuyu-os-naczelennuyu-na-sovmestimost-s-prilozheniyami-windows","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/proekt-exectos-razvivaet-otkrytuyu-os-naczelennuyu-na-sovmestimost-s-prilozheniyami-windows","title":{"rendered":"Le projet ExectOS d\u00e9veloppe un syst\u00e8me d'exploitation open source ax\u00e9 sur la compatibilit\u00e9 avec les applications Windows","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Le projet ExectOS a entrepris de cr\u00e9er une nouvelle syst\u00e8me d'exploitation depuis z\u00e9ro, \u00e9quip\u00e9 d'un micro-noyau avec une architecture XT, inspir\u00e9e du noyau Windows NT. Les composants du noyau dans ExectOS sont s\u00e9par\u00e9s du sous-syst\u00e8me qui g\u00e8re les pilotes de p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques, ce qui permet de mettre \u00e0 jour le noyau principal sans avoir besoin de recompiler les pilotes pour un nouveau noyau. Le code du projet est \u00e9crit en C et distribu\u00e9 sous la licence GPLv3.<\/p>\n<p>Le syst\u00e8me d'exploitation se d\u00e9veloppe en prenant en compte la possibilit\u00e9 de fournir une couche pour ex\u00e9cuter des applications existantes utilisant l'API Win32, ainsi que la capacit\u00e9 d'utiliser des pilotes fournis pour Windows. Actuellement, ces couches ne sont qu'en projet, et seules des applications et des pilotes propres sont utilis\u00e9s. Les diff\u00e9rences avec ReactOS se r\u00e9sument au fait qu'ExectOS d\u00e9veloppe un syst\u00e8me d'exploitation autonome avec sa propre architecture XT, fournissant une couche de compatibilit\u00e9 avec les applications Windows, tandis que ReactOS tente de reproduire Windows.<\/p>\n<p>L'architecture du noyau XT permet la multit\u00e2che pr\u00e9emptive et comprend deux couches de base : le micro-noyau et les composants fonctionnant dans l'espace utilisateur. Les composants de niveau noyau s'ex\u00e9cutent dans une zone de m\u00e9moire prot\u00e9g\u00e9e et ont un acc\u00e8s complet au mat\u00e9riel et aux ressources syst\u00e8me. Contrairement au noyau NT, le XT n'a pas de niveau HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer) s\u00e9par\u00e9, agissant comme une couche entre le mat\u00e9riel et le reste du syst\u00e8me d'exploitation.  <\/p>\n<p>Le niveau utilisateur comprend des sous-syst\u00e8mes permettant d'ex\u00e9cuter des applications \u00e9crites pour diff\u00e9rents syst\u00e8mes d'exploitation. Par exemple, ces sous-syst\u00e8mes peuvent impl\u00e9menter des couches pour prendre en charge un environnement compatible POSIX ou pour permettre l'ex\u00e9cution de programmes bas\u00e9s sur l'API Win32. Le projet d\u00e9veloppe \u00e9galement son propre chargeur de d\u00e9marrage XT Boot Loader, prenant en charge UEFI, et un outil de construction XTChain bas\u00e9 sur LLVM\/Clang\/LLD.<\/p>\n<p>Actuellement, le syst\u00e8me ne prend en charge que les processeurs bas\u00e9s sur les architectures i686 et x86_64, mais l'outil de compilation prend \u00e9galement en charge l'architecture ARM64. Le projet est en d\u00e9veloppement depuis 2022, mais la cr\u00e9ation n'a pas encore d\u00e9pass\u00e9 le stade initial. Pour tester l'\u00e9tat actuel, des compilations de test sont p\u00e9riodiquement cr\u00e9\u00e9es, pouvant \u00eatre lanc\u00e9es dans QEMU ou charg\u00e9es sur des syst\u00e8mes avec EFI via une cl\u00e9 USB.<\/p>\n<p>La raison de la cr\u00e9ation de ce nouveau syst\u00e8me d'exploitation est le d\u00e9sir de se lib\u00e9rer des limites et des contraintes qui pourraient freiner la mise en \u0153uvre d'id\u00e9es fondamentalement nouvelles pour la construction de syst\u00e8mes d'exploitation. Certaines id\u00e9es que les auteurs d'ExectOS essaient de r\u00e9aliser divergent consid\u00e9rablement de l'architecture d'autres projets, et il est plus facile de les impl\u00e9menter sans tenir compte du code existant. Les d\u00e9veloppeurs d'ExectOS souhaitaient \u00e9galement avoir une totale libert\u00e9 dans les exp\u00e9rimentations et la possibilit\u00e9, \u00e0 ce stade, de ne pas se soucier de la compatibilit\u00e9 et de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 des exigences quelconques.<br \/>\n<br \/>Source : <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=61412\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 ExectOS \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 XT, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Windows NT. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0432 ExectOS \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 GPLv3. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-116675","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 ExectOS \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c 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