{"id":181741,"date":"2026-05-26T02:49:06","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T00:49:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386"},"modified":"2026-05-26T02:49:06","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T00:49:06","slug":"entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386","title":{"rendered":"Des passionn\u00e9s ont d\u00e9sassembl\u00e9 le microcode i386 et cr\u00e9\u00e9 un CPU z386 ouvert","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

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Les passionn\u00e9s ont pu<\/a> il a r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 extraire et \u00e0 d\u00e9sassembler le microcode du processeur Intel 80386, consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme une «bo\u00eete noire» en raison de l'absence de documentation. L'image binaire du microcode a \u00e9t\u00e9 recr\u00e9\u00e9e avec l'aide de l'IA \u00e0 partir de photographies haute r\u00e9solution du cristal, et la logique de fonctionnement a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9compos\u00e9e en tra\u00e7ant les connexions sur le cristal. Au fil du temps, la structure des micro-commandes (\u03bc-ops), les champs, l'ordre d'ex\u00e9cution et les marqueurs de fin d'instructions ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9finis. Progr\u00e8s du projet publi\u00e9s<\/a> sont disponibles sur GitHub en tant que domaine public.<\/p>\n

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Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 constat\u00e9 que dans le CPU 80386, chaque instruction est compl\u00e8tement ex\u00e9cut\u00e9e via le microcode, tandis que dans les 8086 et les processeurs modernes, une partie des instructions est trait\u00e9e directement. De plus, contrairement aux processeurs 8086, dans le 80386, le microcode ne r\u00e9alise pas les algorithmes directement, mais configure principalement les acc\u00e9lerateurs mat\u00e9riels (multiplicateur, diviseur, d\u00e9calage rapide<\/a>, PTU (Protection Test Unit)).<\/p>\n

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Dans le cadre de l'\u00e9tude, un \u00e9ventuel probl\u00e8me de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couvert lors du traitement de la carte de bits de droits d'acc\u00e8s aux entr\u00e9es\/sorties (IO permission bitmap) : lors d'un acc\u00e8s de 4 octets aux ports, seuls les bits de droits d'acc\u00e8s des trois premiers octets \u00e9taient v\u00e9rifi\u00e9s, et l'acc\u00e8s au quatri\u00e8me octet n'\u00e9tait pas contr\u00f4l\u00e9, ce qui permettait th\u00e9oriquement d'acc\u00e9der \u00e0 des registres mat\u00e9riels qui auraient d\u00fb \u00eatre interdits.<\/p>\n

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Sur la base du microcode publi\u00e9 un CPU ouvert<\/a> z386 , a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 en langage SystemVerilog et fonctionne avec des FPGA. Au lieu de r\u00e9aliser chaque instruction sous la forme d'un<\/a>RTL (wikipedia.org) (niveau de transfert d'enregistrements), z386 met en \u0153uvre des structures mat\u00e9rielles contr\u00f4l\u00e9es par le microcode original. La performance de cette r\u00e9alisation correspond \u00e0 celle d'un PC 386 rapide (~70MHz). Sous le contr\u00f4le de z386, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 possible de lancer avec succ\u00e8s DOS 6\/7, DOS\/4GW, DOS\/32A et des jeux tels que Doom et Cannon Fodder.<\/a> \ud83e\udd47Les passionn\u00e9s ont d\u00e9sassembl\u00e9 le microcode i386 et cr\u00e9\u00e9 un CPU ouvert z386 | ProHoster<\/p>\n

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Source : linux.org.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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