{"id":30053,"date":"2019-10-31T21:33:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:33:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:26","slug":"optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2","title":{"rendered":"Optimisation des performances d'apache2","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Beaucoup utilisent apache2 comme serveur web. Cependant, peu pensent \u00e0 optimiser ses performances, ce qui affecte directement la vitesse de chargement des pages du site, la rapidit\u00e9 de traitement des scripts (notamment PHP), ainsi que la charge du CPU et l'augmentation de l'utilisation de la RAM. <\/p>\n<p>Ainsi, le guide suivant doit aider les utilisateurs d\u00e9butants (et pas seulement).<br \/>\nTous les exemples ci-dessous ont \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9s sur Raspberry PI 3, Debian 9, Apache 2.4.38, PHP 7.3.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nAlors, commen\u00e7ons.<\/p>\n<h3>1. D\u00e9sactivation des modules inutilis\u00e9s<\/h3>\n<p>\nLa premi\u00e8re m\u00e9thode consiste simplement \u00e0 d\u00e9sactiver les modules que vous n'utilisez pas :<\/p>\n<p>La liste des modules actuellement utilis\u00e9s peut \u00eatre affich\u00e9e avec la commande :<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">apache2ctl -M<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nPour d\u00e9sactiver un module, on utilise la commande :<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">a2dismod *nom du module*<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nEn revanche, pour activer un module, on utilise la commande :<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">a2enmod *nom du module*<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nNotez qu'en utilisant <i>a2dismod<\/i>, le nom du module doit \u00eatre \u00e9crit sans le mot module.<\/p>\n<p>Par exemple, si vous avez vu dans la sortie de la commande <i>apache2ctl -M<\/i> proxy_module <i>, pour le d\u00e9sactiver, il faut utiliser la commande \u2014<\/i>a2dismod proxy <i>Les modules les plus gourmands en ressources syst\u00e8me (d'apr\u00e8s mon exp\u00e9rience personnelle) sont :<\/i><\/p>\n<p>PHP, Ruby, Perl et autres modules pour divers langages de script<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rewrite<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/ssl-sertifikat\/\"   title=\"SSL\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2258\">SSL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>CGI<\/li>\n<li>Donc, dans les cas o\u00f9 ces modules ne vous sont pas n\u00e9cessaires, je recommande de les d\u00e9sactiver.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nAussi, apr\u00e8s avoir d\u00e9sactiv\u00e9 un module, je recommande d'utiliser la commande \u2014<\/p>\n<p>apache2ctl configtest <i>, qui v\u00e9rifiera la configuration des sites utilis\u00e9s et signalera une erreur si l'un des modules d\u00e9sactiv\u00e9s \u00e9tait n\u00e9cessaire.<\/i>2. Changement de MPM (Module de Multi-Traitement) et utilisation de php-fpm<\/p>\n<h3>Par d\u00e9faut, apr\u00e8s installation, apache2 utilise MPM Prefork (1 processus par connexion), ce qui r\u00e9duit significativement les performances, mais am\u00e9liore la stabilit\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/h3>\n<p>\nMais pour optimiser les performances, je recommande d'utiliser MPM Worker, qui permet d'utiliser plusieurs processus sur une seule connexion.<\/p>\n<p>Pour l'activer, utilisons les commandes suivantes :<\/p>\n<p>a2dismod mpm_prefork  \\\/\\\/ D\u00e9sactiver prefork\na2dismod php7.3  \\\/\\\/ D\u00e9sactiver le module php, qui d\u00e9pend de prefork\na2enmod mpm_worker  \\\/\\\/ Activer worker<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">Cependant, lors de l'utilisation de Worker, vous pourriez rencontrer un probl\u00e8me, car le module php7.3 d\u00e9pend du module Prefork.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n.<\/p>\n<p>Pour r\u00e9soudre ce probl\u00e8me, nous allons installer le module php7.3-fpm, qui sera utilis\u00e9 pour ex\u00e9cuter des scripts PHP :<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">apt-get update &amp;&amp; apt-get install php7.3-fpm  \n\/\/ Nous installons\nsystemctl enable php7.3-fpm &amp;&amp; systemctl start php7.3-fpm  \n\/\/ Nous l'ajoutons au d\u00e9marrage automatique et d\u00e9marrons\n\na2enmod php7.3-fpm &amp;&amp; a2enconf php7.3-fpm.conf  \n\/\/ Nous activons le module et sa configuration\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nIl convient de noter que l'utilisation de php-fpm r\u00e9duira \u00e9galement la quantit\u00e9 de RAM utilis\u00e9e par le processus apache2 et acc\u00e9l\u00e9rera l\u00e9g\u00e8rement l'ex\u00e9cution des scripts PHP.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Conclusion<\/h3>\n<p>\nAinsi, par ces simples actions, nous avons pu optimiser la performance et r\u00e9duire la charge sur la machine (dans ce cas RPI3).<\/p>\n<p>Bien s\u00fbr, il existe des centaines d'autres options d'optimisation, comme l'activation de la compression (qui est effectivement utile, mais qui est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement d\u00e9j\u00e0 activ\u00e9e par d\u00e9faut), la modification des param\u00e8tres (fichiers de configuration) MPM, la d\u00e9sactivation de HostnameLookups, etc., mais dans cet article, j'ai essay\u00e9 de pr\u00e9senter pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment les points qui m'ont le plus aid\u00e9, et j'esp\u00e8re qu'ils aideront d'autres.<br \/>\n<br \/>Source : <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/444732\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 apache2 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432 (\u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 php), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0426\u041f \u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0451\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0417\u0423. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0430\u043b, \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0447\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c (\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e) \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 apache2 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.2\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u041e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 apache2 | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 apache2 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430.\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T18:33:26+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T18:33:26+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Optimisation des performances d'apache2 | ProHoster","description":"Beaucoup utilisent apache2 comme serveur web.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"fr_FR","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 apache2 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 apache2 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T18:33:26+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T18:33:26+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"30053","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"Article","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-02-09 17:29:02","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-03-01 03:43:14","updated":"2026-02-09 17:29:02","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30053","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30053"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30053\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":159502,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30053\/revisions\/159502"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30053"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30053"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30053"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}