{"id":32684,"date":"2019-10-31T21:48:22","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:48:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/testirovanie-razdeleniya-bazovoj-sistemy-freebsd-na-pakety\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:48:22","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:48:22","slug":"testirovanie-razdeleniya-bazovoj-sistemy-freebsd-na-pakety","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/testirovanie-razdeleniya-bazovoj-sistemy-freebsd-na-pakety","title":{"rendered":"Test de la s\u00e9paration du syst\u00e8me de base FreeBSD en paquets","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Projet TrueOS <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.freebsd.org\/pipermail\/freebsd-current\/2019-April\/073202.html\">a annonc\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> sur le test de versions exp\u00e9rimentales <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/pkg.trueos.org\/iso\/freebsd12-pkgbase\/\">FreeBSD 12-STABLE<\/a><\/noindex> et <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/pkg.trueos.org\/iso\/freebsd-pkgbase\/\">FreeBSD 13-CURRENT<\/a><\/noindex>, dans lequel le syst\u00e8me de base monolithique est transform\u00e9 en un ensemble de paquets interconnect\u00e9s. Les versions \u00e9voluent dans le cadre du projet <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/trueos.github.io\/pkgbase-docs\/\">pkgbase<\/a><\/noindex>, fournissant des moyens d'utiliser le gestionnaire de paquets standard pkg pour g\u00e9rer les paquets formant le syst\u00e8me de base. <\/p>\n<p>La fourniture sous forme de paquets s\u00e9par\u00e9s permet de simplifier consid\u00e9rablement le processus de mise \u00e0 jour du syst\u00e8me de base et d'utiliser une seule utilit\u00e9 pkg pour mettre \u00e0 jour les applications suppl\u00e9mentaires (ports) ainsi que le syst\u00e8me de base, y compris les composants de l'espace utilisateur et le noyau. Le projet offre \u00e9galement la possibilit\u00e9 d'\u00e9tablir des fronti\u00e8res moins rigides entre le syst\u00e8me de base et les ports \/ le d\u00e9p\u00f4t de paquets, tout en tenant compte de la compatibilit\u00e9 des logiciels tiers avec les composants de l'environnement principal et du noyau lors de la mise \u00e0 jour.<\/p>\n<p>Pkgbase divise le syst\u00e8me de base en plusieurs paquets :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> userland (m\u00e9tapaquet englobant tous les paquets avec des composants de l'espace utilisateur du syst\u00e8me de base)\n<li class=\"l\"> userland-base (fichiers ex\u00e9cutables principaux et biblioth\u00e8ques)\n<li class=\"l\"> userland-docs (manuels syst\u00e8me)\n<li class=\"l\"> userland-debug (fichiers de d\u00e9bogage, plac\u00e9s dans \/usr\/lib\/debug)\n<li class=\"l\"> userland-lib32 (biblioth\u00e8ques pour la compatibilit\u00e9 avec les applications 32 bits);\n<li class=\"l\"> userland-tests (frameworks de tests)\n<li class=\"l\"> kernel (noyau principal en configuration GENERIC)\n<li class=\"l\"> kernel-debug (noyau compil\u00e9 en mode d\u00e9bogage) <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.freebsd.org\/cgi\/man.cgi?witness(4)\">Witness<\/a><\/noindex>)\n<li class=\"l\"> kernel-symbols (symboles de d\u00e9bogage pour le noyau, plac\u00e9s dans \/usr\/lib\/debug)\n<li class=\"l\"> kernel-debug-symbols (symboles de d\u00e9bogage lors de la compilation du noyau en mode Witness)\n<\/ul>\n<p>De plus, plusieurs paquets sont fournis pour la compilation \u00e0 partir des sources : src (code du syst\u00e8me de base, install\u00e9 dans \/usr\/src), buildworld (fichier \/usr\/dist\/world.txz avec le journal de compilation buildworld), buildkernel (fichier \/usr\/dist\/kernel.txz avec le journal de compilation buildkernel) et buildkernel-debug (fichier \/usr\/dist\/kernel-debug.txz avec le journal de d\u00e9bogage de la compilation du noyau).<\/p>\n<p>Les paquets pour la branche 13-CURRENT seront mis \u00e0 jour une fois par semaine, tandis que ceux de la branche 12-STABLE le seront toutes les 48 heures. En cas de modification des fichiers de configuration par d\u00e9faut, lors de l'installation de la mise \u00e0 jour, une fusion avec les modifications locales dans le r\u00e9pertoire \/etc est effectu\u00e9e. Si un conflit est d\u00e9tect\u00e9, emp\u00eachant la fusion des param\u00e8tres, la version locale est conserv\u00e9e, et les modifications sugg\u00e9r\u00e9es sont enregistr\u00e9es dans des fichiers avec l'extension .pkgnew pour un examen manuel ult\u00e9rieur (pour obtenir la liste des fichiers en conflit avec les param\u00e8tres, vous pouvez utiliser la commande `find \/etc | grep '.pkgnew$'`).<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Source : <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50598\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 TrueOS \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a FreeBSD 12-STABLE \u0438 FreeBSD 13-CURRENT, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0421\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 pkgbase, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0430 pkg \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32684","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 TrueOS \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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