{"id":38916,"date":"2019-10-31T22:26:43","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:26:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/v-debian-11-predlagaetsya-po-umolchaniyu-zadejstvovat-nftables-i-firewalld\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:26:43","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:26:43","slug":"v-debian-11-predlagaetsya-po-umolchaniyu-zadejstvovat-nftables-i-firewalld","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/v-debian-11-predlagaetsya-po-umolchaniyu-zadejstvovat-nftables-i-firewalld","title":{"rendered":"Dans Debian 11, il est propos\u00e9 par d\u00e9faut d'utiliser nftables et firewalld","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Arturo Borrero, d\u00e9veloppeur Debian, membre de l'\u00e9quipe principale du projet Netfilter et en charge des paquets li\u00e9s \u00e0 nftables, iptables et netfilter dans Debian. a propos\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> de migrer la distribution Debian 11 vers l'utilisation de nftables par d\u00e9faut. Si la proposition est approuv\u00e9e, les paquets iptables seront consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme des options facultatives, ne faisant pas partie de l'installation de base.<\/p>\n

Le filtre de paquets Nftables se distingue par l'unification des interfaces de filtrage des paquets pour IPv4, IPv6, ARP et les ponts r\u00e9seau. Nftables fournit au niveau du noyau une interface g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, ind\u00e9pendante du protocole sp\u00e9cifique, permettant des fonctions de base d'extraction de donn\u00e9es des paquets, d'ex\u00e9cution d'op\u00e9rations sur les donn\u00e9es et de contr\u00f4le du flux. La logique de filtrage et les gestionnaires sp\u00e9cifiques aux protocoles sont compil\u00e9s en bytecode dans l'espace utilisateur, puis ce bytecode est charg\u00e9 dans le noyau via l'interface Netlink et ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 dans une machine virtuelle sp\u00e9ciale, semblable aux BPF (Berkeley Packet Filters). <\/p>\n

Par d\u00e9faut, Debian 11 propose \u00e9galement d'utiliser le pare-feu dynamique firewalld, qui sert de couche au-dessus de nftables. Firewalld fonctionne en tant que processus en arri\u00e8re-plan, permettant de modifier dynamiquement les r\u00e8gles de filtrage des paquets via DBus, sans avoir besoin de red\u00e9marrer les r\u00e8gles de filtrage et sans couper les connexions \u00e9tablies. L'outil utilis\u00e9 pour g\u00e9rer le pare-feu est firewall-cmd, qui lors de la cr\u00e9ation des r\u00e8gles se base non sur les interfaces r\u00e9seau et les num\u00e9ros de ports, mais sur les noms de services (par exemple, pour ouvrir l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 SSH, il faut ex\u00e9cuter \u00ab firewall-cmd --add --service=ssh \u00bb, pour fermer SSH \u2014 \u00ab firewall-cmd --remove --service=ssh \u00bb). adresses IP<\/a>, d'interfaces r\u00e9seau et de num\u00e9ros de ports, ainsi que des noms de services (par exemple, pour ouvrir l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 SSH, il faut ex\u00e9cuter \u00abfirewall-cmd \u2014add \u2014service=ssh\u00bb, pour fermer SSH \u2014 \u00abfirewall-cmd \u2014remove \u2014service=ssh\u00bb).<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Source : opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0410\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u0440\u043e (Arturo Borrero), \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a Debian, \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432 Coreteam \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Netfilter \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432 Debian \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 nftables, iptables \u0438 netfilter, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Debian 11 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 nftables \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e. \u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0441 iptables \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443. \u041f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Debian 11 propose d'utiliser nftables et firewalld par d\u00e9faut | ProHoster","description":"Arturo Borrero, d\u00e9veloppeur Debian, membre de l'\u00e9quipe principale du projet Netfilter et en charge des paquets li\u00e9s \u00e0 nftables, iptables et netfilter dans 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