{"id":39139,"date":"2019-10-31T22:28:03","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/vypusk-mirageos-3-6-platformy-dlya-zapuska-prilozhenij-poverh-gipervizora\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:28:03","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:03","slug":"vypusk-mirageos-3-6-platformy-dlya-zapuska-prilozhenij-poverh-gipervizora","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/vypusk-mirageos-3-6-platformy-dlya-zapuska-prilozhenij-poverh-gipervizora","title":{"rendered":"Sortie de MirageOS 3.6, la plateforme pour ex\u00e9cuter des applications au-dessus d'un hyperviseur.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/mirage.io\/blog\/announcing-mirage-36-release\">A eu lieu<\/a><\/noindex> version du projet <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/mirage.io\">MirageOS 3.6<\/a><\/noindex>, permettant de cr\u00e9er des syst\u00e8mes d'exploitation pour une seule application, dans lesquels l'application est fournie sous forme de \u00ab unikernel \u00bb autonome, capable de fonctionner sans syst\u00e8mes d'exploitation, noyau s\u00e9par\u00e9 et autres couches interm\u00e9diaires. Le langage OCaml est utilis\u00e9 pour le d\u00e9veloppement d'applications. Code du projet <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/mirage\/mirage\">est distribu\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> est sous licence libre ISC.<\/p>\n<p>Toute la fonctionnalit\u00e9 de bas niveau propre au syst\u00e8me d'exploitation est r\u00e9alis\u00e9e sous la forme d'une biblioth\u00e8que attach\u00e9e \u00e0 l'application. L'application peut \u00eatre d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e sur n'importe quel syst\u00e8me d'exploitation, puis compil\u00e9e en un noyau sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 (concept de <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/queue.acm.org\/detail.cfm?id=2566628\">unikernel<\/a><\/noindex>), qui peut \u00eatre ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 directement au-dessus des hyperviseurs Xen, KVM, BHyve et VMM (OpenBSD), au-dessus des plateformes mobiles, sous forme de processus dans un environnement compatible POSIX ou dans des environnements cloud Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud et Google Compute Engine. <\/p>\n<p>L'environnement g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 ne contient rien de superflu et interagit directement avec l'hyperviseur sans pilotes ni couches syst\u00e8me, ce qui permet de r\u00e9duire consid\u00e9rablement les frais g\u00e9n\u00e9raux et d'am\u00e9liorer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Le travail avec MirageOS se divise en trois \u00e9tapes : pr\u00e9paration de la configuration en d\u00e9finissant les <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/opam.ocaml.org\/\">paquets OPAM<\/a><\/noindex>, construction de l'environnement et lancement de l'environnement. Le runtime pour assurer le fonctionnement au-dessus de Xen est bas\u00e9 sur un noyau r\u00e9duit <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.xenproject.org\/wiki\/Mini-OS\">Mini-OS<\/a><\/noindex>, alors que pour d'autres hyperviseurs et syst\u00e8mes bas\u00e9s sur le noyau  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/solo5\/solo5\">Solo5.<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>Bien que les applications et les biblioth\u00e8ques soient form\u00e9es dans un langage de haut niveau (OCaml), les environnements finaux affichent des performances assez satisfaisantes et une taille minimale (par exemple, un serveur DNS n'occupe que 200 Ko). La maintenance des environnements est \u00e9galement simplifi\u00e9e, car en cas de besoin de mise \u00e0 jour ou de modification de configuration, il suffit de cr\u00e9er et de lancer un nouvel environnement. Plusieurs dizaines de biblioth\u00e8ques  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/mirage\">sont prises en charge<\/a><\/noindex> en OCaml pour effectuer des op\u00e9rations r\u00e9seau (DNS, SSH, OpenFlow, HTTP, XMPP, etc.), pour travailler avec des stockages et pour assurer le traitement parall\u00e8le des donn\u00e9es. <\/p>\n<p>Les principales modifications de la nouvelle version concernent la prise en charge de nouvelles fonctionnalit\u00e9s propos\u00e9es dans l'outil <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Solo5\/solo5\/releases\/tag\/v0.6.0\">Solo5 0.6.0<\/a><\/noindex> (environnement sandbox pour l'ex\u00e9cution de unikernel) :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Une possibilit\u00e9 d'ex\u00e9cution de unikernel MirageOS dans un environnement isol\u00e9 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Solo5\/solo5\/blob\/master\/docs\/architecture.md\">spt<\/a><\/noindex> (\u00ab appel d'offres de processus isol\u00e9 \u00bb), propos\u00e9 par l'outillage <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Solo5\/solo5\/\">Solo5.<\/a><\/noindex>. Lors de l'utilisation du backend spt, les noyaux MirageOS sont lanc\u00e9s dans des processus utilisateurs Linux, o\u00f9 une isolation minimale bas\u00e9e sur seccomp-BPF est appliqu\u00e9e;\n<li class=\"l\"> Le support est impl\u00e9ment\u00e9 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Solo5\/solo5\/blob\/master\/docs\/architecture.md#application-manifest\">manifestes d'applications<\/a><\/noindex> du projet Solo5, qui permet de d\u00e9finir plusieurs adaptateurs r\u00e9seau et dispositifs de stockage attach\u00e9s \u00e0 un unikernel, tout en maintenant l'isolation bas\u00e9e sur les backends hvt, spt et muen (l'utilisation des backends genode et virtio est encore limit\u00e9e \u00e0 un seul appareil);\n<li class=\"l\"> La protection des backends bas\u00e9s sur Solo5 (hvt, spt) a \u00e9t\u00e9 renforc\u00e9e, par exemple, une compilation en mode SSP (Stack Smashing Protection) a \u00e9t\u00e9 assur\u00e9e.\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Source : <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51710\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 MirageOS 3.6, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 &#171;unikernel&#187;, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c, \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u041e\u0421 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435\u043a. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a OCaml. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 ISC. \u0412\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 MirageOS 3.6, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/vypusk-mirageos-3-6-platformy-dlya-zapuska-prilozhenij-poverh-gipervizora\" 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