{"id":53000,"date":"2019-11-21T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-20T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/google-rabotaet-nad-ispolzovaniem-obychnogo-yadra-linux-v-android"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:00:50","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:00:50","slug":"google-rabotaet-nad-ispolzovaniem-obychnogo-yadra-linux-v-android","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/google-rabotaet-nad-ispolzovaniem-obychnogo-yadra-linux-v-android","title":{"rendered":"Google travaille sur l'utilisation d'un noyau Linux standard dans Android","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Lors de la conf\u00e9rence Linux Plumbers 2019, Google <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/arstechnica.com\/gadgets\/2019\/11\/google-outlines-plans-for-mainline-linux-kernel-support-in-android\/\">a expliqu\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex>  a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 des d\u00e9veloppements <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=49648\">de l'initiative<\/a><\/noindex> concernant l'int\u00e9gration dans le noyau principal de Linux des modifications d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es dans <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/android.googlesource.com\/kernel\/common\/+refs\">la variante du noyau<\/a><\/noindex> pour la plateforme Android. L'objectif final est de permettre l'utilisation d'un noyau commun dans Android, au lieu de pr\u00e9parer des constructions sp\u00e9cifiques pour chaque appareil bas\u00e9 sur la branche sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 Android. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/source.android.com\/devices\/architecture\/kernel\/android-common\">Android Common Kernel<\/a><\/noindex>. Cet objectif a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 partiellement atteint, et lors de la conf\u00e9rence, un smartphone Android Xiaomi Poco F1 avec un firmware bas\u00e9 sur le noyau Linux standard non modifi\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9montr\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Une fois le projet pr\u00eat, il sera propos\u00e9 aux fournisseurs de fournir un noyau de base bas\u00e9 sur le noyau principal de Linux. Les composants pour le support mat\u00e9riel ne seront fournis par les fournisseurs que sous forme de modules de noyau suppl\u00e9mentaires, sans appliquer des patches au noyau. Les modules devront obligatoirement garantir la compatibilit\u00e9 avec le noyau principal au niveau de l'espace de noms des symboles du noyau. Toutes les modifications touchant au noyau principal seront promues dans upstream. Pour maintenir la compatibilit\u00e9 avec les modules propri\u00e9taires dans le cadre des branches LTS, il est propos\u00e9 de maintenir stable l'API et l'ABI du noyau, ce qui permettra de conserver la compatibilit\u00e9 des modules avec les mises \u00e0 jour pour chaque branche de noyau commune.<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Google travaille sur l&#039;utilisation d&#039;un noyau Linux standard dans Android\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/18f8a41befddc7d81c07b9c6d1bf44c2.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>En un an, des fonctionnalit\u00e9s telles que le sous-syst\u00e8me PSI (Pressure Stall Information) pour analyser les informations sur le temps d'attente concernant diverses ressources (CPU, m\u00e9moire, entr\u00e9e\/sortie), le syst\u00e8me de fichiers pseudo-BinderFS pour le m\u00e9canisme de communication inter-processus Binder et le planificateur de t\u00e2ches \u00e9conome en \u00e9nergie EAS (Energy Aware Scheduling) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 transf\u00e9r\u00e9es du noyau Android au noyau principal de Linux. \u00c0 l'avenir, il est pr\u00e9vu de transf\u00e9rer Android d'un planificateur sp\u00e9cifique SchedTune vers un nouveau sous-syst\u00e8me UtilClamp d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par ARM, bas\u00e9 sur cgroups2 et les m\u00e9canismes du noyau.<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Google travaille sur l&#039;utilisation d&#039;un noyau Linux standard dans Android\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/2db4ca76f6a87b2ad28a7510a4deb79c.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Rappelons que le noyau pour la plateforme Android a jusqu'\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent travers\u00e9 plusieurs \u00e9tapes de pr\u00e9paration :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Sur la base des noyaux LTS principaux (3.18, 4.4, 4.9 et 4.14), une branche appel\u00e9e \u00ab Android Common Kernel \u00bb a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e, dans laquelle des correctifs sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 Android ont \u00e9t\u00e9 int\u00e9gr\u00e9s (auparavant, la taille des modifications atteignait plusieurs millions de lignes, mais ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, les changements ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9duits \u00e0 quelques milliers de lignes de code).\n<li class=\"l\"> Sur la base de \u00ab Android Common Kernel \u00bb, des fabricants de puces comme Qualcomm ont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 le \u00ab SoC Kernel \u00bb, qui comprend des ajouts pour le support du mat\u00e9riel.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sur la base du \u00ab SoC Kernel \u00bb, les fabricants d'appareils ont cr\u00e9\u00e9 le \u00ab Device Kernel \u00bb, int\u00e9grant des modifications li\u00e9es \u00e0 la prise en charge de mat\u00e9riel suppl\u00e9mentaire, d'\u00e9crans, de cam\u00e9ras, de syst\u00e8mes audio, etc.\n<\/ul>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Google travaille sur l&#039;utilisation d&#039;un noyau Linux standard dans Android\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/3a7d495f71eaef927e79912ca62776d8.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Essentiellement, un noyau propre \u00e9tait cr\u00e9\u00e9 pour chaque appareil, qui ne pouvait pas \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 sur d'autres dispositifs. Ce sch\u00e9ma complique consid\u00e9rablement la diffusion des mises \u00e0 jour corrigeant les vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s et le passage \u00e0 de nouvelles versions du noyau. Par exemple, le tout nouveau smartphone Pixel 4, sorti en octobre, est fourni avec le noyau Linux 4.14, publi\u00e9 il y a deux ans. En partie, Google a tent\u00e9 de simplifier la maintenance en promouvant le syst\u00e8me <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=48588\">Treble<\/a><\/noindex>, permettant aux fabricants de cr\u00e9er des composants universels pour le support mat\u00e9riel, sans \u00eatre li\u00e9s \u00e0 des versions sp\u00e9cifiques d'Android et aux distributions du noyau Linux. Treble permet d'utiliser comme base les mises \u00e0 jour d\u00e9j\u00e0 pr\u00eates de Google, en int\u00e9grant des composants sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 chaque appareil. <\/p>\n<p><center><br \/>\n<div class=\"youtube-placeholder\" data-id=\"f2C-gA8jEyY\" onclick=\"loadVideo(this)\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/f2C-gA8jEyY\/hqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"Lire la vid\u00e9o\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;\">\r\n        <div class=\"play-button\"><\/div>\r\n    <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Source : <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51905\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 Linux Plumbers 2019 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Google \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0443 \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e Linux \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b Android. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 Android \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430, \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f Android \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 Android Common Kernel. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53000","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 Linux Plumbers 2019 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Google\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/google-rabotaet-nad-ispolzovaniem-obychnogo-yadra-linux-v-android\" \/>\n\t<meta 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