{"id":53635,"date":"2019-12-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-05T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/w3c-pridal-webassembly-status-rekomendovannogo-standarta"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:34","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:34","slug":"w3c-pridal-webassembly-status-rekomendovannogo-standarta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/w3c-pridal-webassembly-status-rekomendovannogo-standarta","title":{"rendered":"Le W3C a donn\u00e9 au WebAssembly le statut de standard recommand\u00e9","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Le consortium W3C <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/blog\/news\/archives\/8123\">a annonc\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> pour conf\u00e9rer \u00e0 la technologie WebAssembly le statut de norme recommand\u00e9e. WebAssembly fournit un code interm\u00e9diaire universel et ind\u00e9pendant du navigateur, permettant l'ex\u00e9cution d'applications compil\u00e9es \u00e0 partir de divers langages de programmation. WebAssembly se positionne comme une technologie prometteuse et portable pour la cr\u00e9ation d'applications web hautes performances. WebAssembly peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 pour des t\u00e2ches n\u00e9cessitant une grande performance, comme le codage vid\u00e9o, le traitement audio, la manipulation graphique et 3D, le d\u00e9veloppement de jeux, les op\u00e9rations cryptographiques, les calculs math\u00e9matiques et la cr\u00e9ation d'impl\u00e9mentations portables de langages de programmation.<\/p>\n<p>WebAssembly ressemble beaucoup \u00e0 Asm.js, mais se distingue en ce qu'il s'agit d'un format binaire, non li\u00e9 \u00e0 JavaScript. Dans WebAssembly, l'utilisation d'un ramasse-miettes n'est pas n\u00e9cessaire, car la gestion de la m\u00e9moire est explicite. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l'utilisation de JIT, WebAssembly peut atteindre un niveau de performance proche de celle du code natif. Parmi les principales t\u00e2ches de WebAssembly, on trouve l'assurance de la portabilit\u00e9, la pr\u00e9visibilit\u00e9 du comportement et l'identit\u00e9 de l'ex\u00e9cution du code sur diff\u00e9rentes plateformes. Ces derniers temps, WebAssembly est \u00e9galement <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51849\">promu<\/a><\/noindex> comme une plateforme universelle pour l'ex\u00e9cution s\u00e9curis\u00e9e de code sur toutes les infrastructures, syst\u00e8mes d'exploitation et appareils, sans se limiter aux navigateurs.<\/p>\n<p>Le W3C a standardis\u00e9 trois sp\u00e9cifications li\u00e9es \u00e0 WebAssembly :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\">  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2019\/REC-wasm-core-1-20191205\/\">WebAssembly Core<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 d\u00e9crit une machine virtuelle de bas niveau pour l'ex\u00e9cution du code interm\u00e9diaire WebAssembly. Les ressources associ\u00e9es \u00e0 WebAssembly sont fournies au format \u00ab .wasm \u00bb, semblable \u00e0 un fichier \u00ab .class \u00bb en Java et contenant des donn\u00e9es statiques et des segments de code pour travailler avec ces donn\u00e9es.\n<li class=\"l\">  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2019\/REC-wasm-web-api-1-20191205\/\">WebAssembly Web API<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 d\u00e9finit une interface de programmation bas\u00e9e sur le m\u00e9canisme de Promise pour demander et ex\u00e9cuter des ressources \u00ab .wasm \u00bb. Le format des ressources WebAssembly est optimis\u00e9 pour commencer l'ex\u00e9cution sans attendre le chargement complet du fichier, ce qui permet d'am\u00e9liorer la r\u00e9activit\u00e9 des applications web.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2019\/REC-wasm-js-api-1-20191205\/\">WebAssembly JavaScript Interface<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 fournit une API pour l'int\u00e9gration avec JavaScript. Permet d'obtenir des valeurs et de passer des param\u00e8tres aux fonctions WebAssembly. L'ex\u00e9cution de WebAssembly respecte le mod\u00e8le de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de JavaScript et toute interaction avec le syst\u00e8me h\u00f4te se fait comme pour l'ex\u00e9cution de code JavaScript.\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00c0 l'avenir, il est pr\u00e9vu de pr\u00e9parer des sp\u00e9cifications pour des fonctionnalit\u00e9s telles que :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Le multithreading avec m\u00e9moire partag\u00e9e et acc\u00e8s atomique \u00e0 la m\u00e9moire ;\n<li class=\"l\"> Des op\u00e9rations vectorielles bas\u00e9es sur SIMD, permettant de parall\u00e9liser l'ex\u00e9cution des boucles ;\n<li class=\"l\"> Des types de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour les liens directs vers les objets \u00e0 partir du code WebAssembly ;\n<li class=\"l\"> La possibilit\u00e9 d'appeler des fonctions sans consommer d'espace suppl\u00e9mentaire dans la pile ;\n<li class=\"l\"> Int\u00e9gration avec les modules ECMAScript \u2014 possibilit\u00e9 de charger le code WebAssembly depuis JavaScript en tant que modules conformes \u00e0 la sp\u00e9cification ECMAScript 6 ;\n<li class=\"l\"> Mode de fonctionnement avec un ramasse-miettes ;\n<li class=\"l\"> Interfaces de d\u00e9bogage ;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50406\">WASI<\/a><\/noindex> (WebAssembly System Interface) \u2014 API pour une interaction directe avec le syst\u00e8me d'exploitation (API POSIX pour travailler avec des fichiers, des sockets, etc.).\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Source : <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51988\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u0443\u043c W3C \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 WebAssembly \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430. WebAssembly \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. WebAssembly \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 web-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. WebAssembly \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u0430, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53635","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u0443\u043c W3C \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 WebAssembly \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" 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