{"id":76047,"date":"2020-03-30T19:42:04","date_gmt":"2020-03-30T17:42:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-kubernetes-1-18-sistemy-upravleniya-klasterom-izolirovannyh-kontejnerov"},"modified":"2020-03-30T19:42:04","modified_gmt":"2020-03-30T17:42:04","slug":"vypusk-kubernetes-1-18-sistemy-upravleniya-klasterom-izolirovannyh-kontejnerov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/vypusk-kubernetes-1-18-sistemy-upravleniya-klasterom-izolirovannyh-kontejnerov","title":{"rendered":"Sortie de Kubernetes 1.18, un syst\u00e8me de gestion de clusters de conteneurs isol\u00e9s","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/blog\/2020\/03\/25\/kubernetes-1-18-release-announcement\/\">Publi\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> lancement de la plateforme d'orchestration de conteneurs <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/\">Kubernetes 1.18<\/a><\/noindex>, permettant de g\u00e9rer un cluster de conteneurs isol\u00e9s en tant qu'entit\u00e9 unique et fournissant des m\u00e9canismes pour le d\u00e9ploiement, la maintenance et la mise \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle des applications ex\u00e9cut\u00e9es dans des conteneurs. Le projet a \u00e9t\u00e9 initialement cr\u00e9\u00e9 par Google, mais a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 transf\u00e9r\u00e9 sur une plateforme ind\u00e9pendante, g\u00e9r\u00e9e par la Linux Foundation. La plateforme se positionne comme une solution universelle d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par la communaut\u00e9, non attach\u00e9e \u00e0 des syst\u00e8mes sp\u00e9cifiques et capable de fonctionner avec n'importe quelles applications dans n'importe quels environnements cloud. Le code de Kubernetes est \u00e9crit en Go et <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/kubernetes\">est distribu\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> sous licence Apache 2.0. <\/p>\n<p>fournit des fonctions pour le d\u00e9ploiement et la gestion de l'infrastructure, telles que la gestion de la base de donn\u00e9es DNS, le chargement d'\u00e9quilibrage,<br \/>\nla distribution des conteneurs sur les n\u0153uds du cluster (migration des conteneurs en fonction des changements de charge et des besoins en services), le contr\u00f4le de la sant\u00e9 au niveau des applications, la gestion des comptes, la mise \u00e0 jour et la mise \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle dynamique du cluster actif, sans interruption. Il est possible de d\u00e9ployer des groupes de conteneurs en effectuant des op\u00e9rations de mise \u00e0 jour et d'annulation des modifications pour l'ensemble du groupe, ainsi qu'une s\u00e9paration logique du cluster en parties avec r\u00e9partition des ressources. Le support de la migration dynamique des applications est disponible, pour le stockage des donn\u00e9es desquelles peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s des syst\u00e8mes de stockage locaux ou r\u00e9seaux. <\/p>\n<p>La version Kubernetes 1.18 comprend 38 modifications et am\u00e9liorations, dont 15 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 transf\u00e9r\u00e9es au statut stable, et 11 au statut b\u00eata. 12 nouvelles modifications sont propos\u00e9es en statut alpha. Pour la pr\u00e9paration de cette nouvelle version, des efforts \u00e9gaux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 consacr\u00e9s \u00e0 la finalisation des diff\u00e9rentes fonctionnalit\u00e9s et \u00e0 la stabilisation des capacit\u00e9s exp\u00e9rimentales, ainsi qu'\u00e0 l'ajout de nouveaux d\u00e9veloppements. Changements principaux :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Kubectl\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/blob\/master\/keps\/sig-cli\/20190805-kubectl-debug.md\">Ajout\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> version alpha de la commande &#171;kubectl debug&#187;, qui simplifie le d\u00e9bogage dans les pods en lan\u00e7ant des conteneurs \u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e8res avec des outils de d\u00e9bogage.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/blob\/master\/keps\/sig-cli\/20200115-kubectl-diff.md\">D\u00e9clar\u00e9e stable<\/a><\/noindex> la commande &#171;kubectl diff&#187;, qui permet de voir ce qui va changer dans le cluster si le manifeste est appliqu\u00e9.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/kubernetes\/pull\/87077\">Retir\u00e9s<\/a><\/noindex> tous les g\u00e9n\u00e9rateurs de la commande &#171;kubectl run&#187;, sauf le g\u00e9n\u00e9rateur pour le lancement d'un seul pod.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/kubernetes\/pull\/87580\">Modifi\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> le flag &#171;&#8212;dry-run&#187;, selon sa valeur (client, serveur et none), ex\u00e9cute un essai de la commande c\u00f4t\u00e9 client ou serveur.\n<li class=\"l\"> Code kubectl <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/blob\/master\/keps\/sig-cli\/kubectl-staging.md\">extrait<\/a><\/noindex> dans un d\u00e9p\u00f4t s\u00e9par\u00e9. Cela a permis de dissocier kubectl des d\u00e9pendances internes de Kubernetes et d'all\u00e9ger l'importation du code dans des projets tiers.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Ingress\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/issues\/758\">A commenc\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> le changement de groupe API pour Ingress vers networking.v1beta1.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/blob\/master\/keps\/sig-network\/20190125-ingress-api-group.md\">Ajout\u00e9s<\/a><\/noindex> de nouveaux champs :\n<ul>\n<li> pathType, permettant de sp\u00e9cifier la m\u00e9thode de comparaison du chemin dans la requ\u00eate\n<li> IngressClassName &#8212; remplace l'annotation kubernetes.io\/ingress.class, qui est devenue obsol\u00e8te. Ce champ indique le nom d'un objet IngressClass sp\u00e9cial.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/concepts\/services-networking\/ingress\/#ingress-class\">Ajout\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> l'objet IngressClass, dans lequel le nom du contr\u00f4leur d'ingress est sp\u00e9cifi\u00e9, ainsi que ses param\u00e8tres suppl\u00e9mentaires et l'indicateur de son utilisation par d\u00e9faut\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Service\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/concepts\/services-networking\/service\/#application-protocol\">Ajout\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> le champ AppProtocol, dans lequel il est possible d'indiquer quel protocole utilise l'application\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/concepts\/services-networking\/endpoint-slices\/\">Pass\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> au statut b\u00eata et inclus par d\u00e9faut EndpointSlicesAPI, qui est un remplacement plus fonctionnel des Endpoints ordinaires.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> R\u00e9seau\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/issues\/508\">Support<\/a><\/noindex> IPv6 est pass\u00e9e au statut b\u00eata.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Disques persistants. La fonctionnalit\u00e9 suivante a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9clar\u00e9e stable :\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/issues\/989\">Clonage PVC<\/a><\/noindex>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/features\/issues\/351\">Utilisation de dispositifs bruts non r\u00e9seau en tant que disques persistants<\/a><\/noindex>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/issues\/565\">Support des dispositifs bruts dans CSI<\/a><\/noindex>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/issues\/603\">Transmission des informations sur le pod ayant demand\u00e9 la connexion du disque au pilote CSI<\/a><\/noindex>\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Configuration de l'application\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\">  Dans les objets ConfigMap et Secret <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/reference\/generated\/kubernetes-api\/v1.18\/#configmap-v1-core\">ajout\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> nouveau champ &#171;immutable&#187;. La d\u00e9finition de ce champ sur true interdit la modification de l'objet.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Planificateur\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/blob\/master\/keps\/sig-scheduling\/20200114-multi-scheduling-profiles.md\">Ajout\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> possibilit\u00e9 de cr\u00e9er des profils suppl\u00e9mentaires pour kube-scheduler. Auparavant, il fallait ex\u00e9cuter des planificateurs distincts pour mettre en \u0153uvre des algorithmes de r\u00e9partition non standards, mais il est d\u00e9sormais possible de cr\u00e9er des ensembles de configurations suppl\u00e9mentaires pour le planificateur standard et d'indiquer son nom dans le m\u00eame champ de pod &#171;.spec.schedulerName&#187;. Statut &#8212; alpha.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/concepts\/configuration\/taint-and-toleration\/#taint-based-evictions\">Eviction bas\u00e9e sur Taint<\/a><\/noindex> d\u00e9clar\u00e9e stable\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Mise \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/blob\/master\/keps\/sig-autoscaling\/20190307-configurable-scale-velocity-for-hpa.md\">Ajout\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> la possibilit\u00e9 de sp\u00e9cifier dans le manifeste HPA le degr\u00e9 d'agressivit\u00e9 lors de la modification du nombre de pods en cours d'ex\u00e9cution, c'est-\u00e0-dire d'augmenter la charge en lan\u00e7ant imm\u00e9diatement N fois plus d'exemplaires (instance).\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Kubelet\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/nolancon\/website\/blob\/f4200307260ea3234540ef13ed80de325e1a7267\/content\/en\/docs\/tasks\/administer-cluster\/topology-manager.md\">Gestionnaire de topologie<\/a><\/noindex> est pass\u00e9 au statut b\u00eata. La fonction inclut la distribution NUMA, \u00e9vitant ainsi une d\u00e9gradation des performances sur des syst\u00e8mes multi-sockets.\n<li class=\"l\"> Statut b\u00eata <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/concepts\/configuration\/pod-overhead\/\">a re\u00e7u<\/a><\/noindex>  La fonction PodOverhead permet de sp\u00e9cifier dans RuntimeClass un nombre suppl\u00e9mentaire de ressources n\u00e9cessaires au d\u00e9ploiement d'un pod.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/issues\/1539\">\u00c9tendue<\/a><\/noindex> le support de HugePages, l'isolement au niveau du conteneur a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9 en statut alpha et le support de plusieurs tailles de hugepages.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/kubernetes\/pull\/86282\">Supprim\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> le point de terminaison pour les m\u00e9triques \/metrics\/resource\/v1alpha1, \u00e0 la place, \/metrics\/resource est utilis\u00e9.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> API\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/kubernetes\/pull\/85903\">Finalis\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> la possibilit\u00e9 d'utiliser les groupes API obsol\u00e8tes apps\/v1beta1 et extensions\/v1beta1 a \u00e9t\u00e9 supprim\u00e9e.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/reference\/using-api\/api-concepts\/#server-side-apply\">ServerSide Apply<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9lev\u00e9 au statut b\u00eata2. Cette am\u00e9lioration d\u00e9place la manipulation des objets de kubectl vers le serveur API. Les auteurs de l'am\u00e9lioration affirment que cela permettra de corriger de nombreux bugs existants, qui ne peuvent pas \u00eatre corrig\u00e9s dans la situation actuelle. Ils ont \u00e9galement ajout\u00e9 la section &#171;.metadata.managedFields&#187;, o\u00f9 ils proposent de conserver l'historique des modifications de l'objet, en indiquant qui, quand et quoi exactement a \u00e9t\u00e9 modifi\u00e9.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/blob\/master\/keps\/sig-auth\/20190607-certificates-api.md\">D\u00e9clar\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> stable pour l'API CertificateSigningRequest.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Support de la plateforme Windows.\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Le soutien pour les n\u0153uds Windows continue de s'\u00e9tendre. Des versions alpha ont \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9es :\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/issues\/1001\">Support de CRI-Contaierd<\/a><\/noindex>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/issues\/1301\">Impl\u00e9mentation de RuntimeClass<\/a><\/noindex>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/issues\/1122\">Proxy CSI<\/a><\/noindex>\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Le support de Group Managed Service Account a \u00e9t\u00e9 port\u00e9 au statut stable.\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/issues\/689\">RunAsUserName<\/a><\/noindex>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/enhancements\/issues\/1043\">Une publication sur la plateforme d'orchestration des conteneurs a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e.<\/a><\/noindex>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Source : <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52635\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u043e\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 Kubernetes 1.18, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044b\u043c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0451\u0440\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 Google, \u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443, \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 Linux Foundation. \u041f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c 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