{"id":82929,"date":"2020-05-26T19:42:01","date_gmt":"2020-05-26T17:42:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/rangeamp-seriya-atak-na-cdn-manipuliruyushhaya-http-zagolovkom-range"},"modified":"2020-05-26T19:42:01","modified_gmt":"2020-05-26T17:42:01","slug":"rangeamp-seriya-atak-na-cdn-manipuliruyushhaya-http-zagolovkom-range","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/rangeamp-seriya-atak-na-cdn-manipuliruyushhaya-http-zagolovkom-range","title":{"rendered":"Le service musical Spotify a supprim\u00e9 la limite de 10 000 chansons pour les biblioth\u00e8ques personnelles.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Un groupe de chercheurs de l'Universit\u00e9 de P\u00e9kin, de l'Universit\u00e9 Tsinghua et de l'Universit\u00e9 du Texas \u00e0 Dallas <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.liubaojun.org\/uploads\/1\/1\/8\/3\/118316462\/dsn_2020.pdf\">a d\u00e9tect\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> une nouvelle classe d'attaques DoS \u2014 RangeAmp, bas\u00e9e sur l'utilisation des en-t\u00eates HTTP <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc7233\">Range<\/a><\/noindex> pour organiser le renforcement du trafic via les r\u00e9seaux de livraison de contenu (CDN). Le principe de la m\u00e9thode repose sur le fait qu'en raison de la particularit\u00e9 du traitement des en-t\u00eates Range par de nombreux CDN, un attaquant peut demander via le CDN un seul octet d'un grand fichier, mais le CDN chargera depuis le serveur cible l'int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 du fichier ou un bloc de donn\u00e9es beaucoup plus important pour le mettre en cache. Le degr\u00e9 de renforcement du trafic dans une telle attaque, en fonction du CDN, varie de 724 \u00e0 43330 fois, ce qui peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 pour surcharger le trafic entrant du CDN ou r\u00e9duire la bande passante du canal de communication final vers le site de la victime.<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"RangeAmp - s\u00e9rie d&#039;attaques sur CDN, manipulant l&#039;en-t\u00eate HTTP Range\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/45a7b48e01885f8ae50c3549e3293b12.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>L'en-t\u00eate Range permet au client de sp\u00e9cifier la plage de positions dans le fichier \u00e0 t\u00e9l\u00e9charger au lieu de renvoyer le fichier complet. Par exemple, le client peut indiquer \u00ab Range: bytes=0-1023 \u00bb et le serveur ne transmettra que les premiers 1024 octets de donn\u00e9es. Cette fonctionnalit\u00e9 est utile lors du t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement de gros fichiers \u2014 l'utilisateur peut interrompre le t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement, puis le reprendre \u00e0 partir de la position interrompue. En sp\u00e9cifiant \u00ab bytes=0-0 \u00bb, la norme impose de renvoyer le premier octet du fichier, \u00ab bytes=-1 \u00bb \u2014 le dernier, \u00ab bytes=1- \u00bb \u2014 \u00e0 partir du premier octet jusqu'\u00e0 la fin du fichier. Il est possible d'envoyer plusieurs plages dans un m\u00eame en-t\u00eate, par exemple \u00ab Range: bytes=0-1023,8192-10240 \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Une seconde variante d'attaque a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 propos\u00e9e, visant \u00e0 accro\u00eetre la charge r\u00e9seau en dirigeant le trafic \u00e0 travers un autre CDN qui sert de proxy (par exemple, lorsque Cloudflare est utilis\u00e9 comme frontend (FCDN) et Akamai comme backend (BCDN)). Cette m\u00e9thode ressemble \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re attaque, mais est localis\u00e9e \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur des r\u00e9seaux CDN et permet d'augmenter le trafic lors des requ\u00eates \u00e0 travers d'autres CDN, augmentant ainsi la charge sur l'infrastructure et r\u00e9duisant la qualit\u00e9 du service.  <\/p>\n<p>L'id\u00e9e est que l'attaquant envoie au CDN des requ\u00eates Range pour plusieurs plages, telles que \u00ab bytes=0-,0-,0-\u2026 \u00bb, \u00ab bytes=1-,0-,0-\u2026 \u00bb ou \u00ab bytes=-1024,0-,0-\u2026 \u00bb. Les requ\u00eates contiennent un grand nombre de plages \u00ab 0- \u00bb, impliquant la d\u00e9livrance du fichier depuis la position z\u00e9ro jusqu'\u00e0 la fin. En raison d'une mauvaise impl\u00e9mentation du traitement des plages lors de la demande du premier CDN au second, chaque plage \u00ab 0- \u00bb renvoie le fichier complet (les plages ne sont pas agr\u00e9g\u00e9es, mais parcourues s\u00e9quentiellement), si la demande d'attaque initiale contient des duplications et des intersections de plages. Le niveau d'amplification du trafic dans une telle attaque varie de 53 \u00e0 7432 fois.<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"RangeAmp - s\u00e9rie d&#039;attaques sur CDN, manipulant l&#039;en-t\u00eate HTTP Range\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/981161394221a0548a04ec5961081c27.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Dans le cadre de cette \u00e9tude, le comportement de 13 CDN a \u00e9t\u00e9 examin\u00e9 \u2014<br \/>\nAkamai, Alibaba Cloud, Azure, CDN77, CDNsun, Cloudflare, CloudFront, Fastly, G-Core Labs, Huawei Cloud, KeyCDN, StackPath et Tencent Cloud. Tous les CDN examin\u00e9s autorisaient le premier type d'attaque sur le serveur final. Le second type d'attaque sur le CDN a affect\u00e9 6 services, dont quatre peuvent agir en tant que frontend (CDN77, CDNsun, Cloudflare et StackPath) et trois en tant que backend (Akamai, Azure et StackPath). L'amplification la plus importante se produit chez Akamai et StackPath, qui autorisent l'indication de plus de 10 000 plages dans l'en-t\u00eate Range. Les propri\u00e9taires de CDN ont \u00e9t\u00e9 inform\u00e9s des vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s il y a environ 7 mois et, au moment de la divulgation publique, 12 des 13 CDN avaient corrig\u00e9 les probl\u00e8mes identifi\u00e9s ou exprim\u00e9 leur volont\u00e9 de les corriger (seul le service StackPath n'a pas r\u00e9agi).<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Source : <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53026\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u041f\u0435\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0426\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0443\u0430 \u0438 \u0422\u0435\u0445\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0414\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 DoS-\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a &#8212; RangeAmp, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 HTTP-\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 Range \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 (CDN). \u0421\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 Range-\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 CDN \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 CDN \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430, \u043d\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":82930,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-82929","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u041f\u0435\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0426\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0443\u0430 \u0438 \u0422\u0435\u0445\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e 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