{"id":85076,"date":"2020-06-13T01:42:03","date_gmt":"2020-06-12T23:42:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/proekt-openzfs-iz-za-politkorrektnosti-izbavilsya-ot-upominaniya-slova-slave-v-kode"},"modified":"2020-06-13T01:42:03","modified_gmt":"2020-06-12T23:42:03","slug":"proekt-openzfs-iz-za-politkorrektnosti-izbavilsya-ot-upominaniya-slova-slave-v-kode","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/proekt-openzfs-iz-za-politkorrektnosti-izbavilsya-ot-upominaniya-slova-slave-v-kode","title":{"rendered":"Le projet OpenZFS a supprim\u00e9 le terme \u00ab esclave \u00bb du code pour des raisons de politiquement correct","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Matthew Ahrens (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/openzfs.org\/wiki\/User:Mahrens\">Matthew Ahrens<\/a><\/noindex>), l'un des deux auteurs originaux du syst\u00e8me de fichiers ZFS, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/openzfs\/zfs\/commit\/f66434268cef381b2799c45c654162bfb8e128ce\">a men\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/openzfs\/zfs\/pull\/104\/commits\/2f42b6884db8c3e59f424ab5a42890c5d0556361\">nettoyage<\/a><\/noindex> Les textes sources de OpenZFS (ZFS sur Linux) ont abandonn\u00e9 l'utilisation du mot \u00ab esclave \u00bb, qui est d\u00e9sormais per\u00e7u comme politiquement incorrect. Selon Matthew, les cons\u00e9quences de l'esclavage humain continuent d'affecter la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, et dans les r\u00e9alit\u00e9s modernes, le terme \u00ab esclave \u00bb dans les programmes informatiques est une mention suppl\u00e9mentaire d'une exp\u00e9rience humaine d\u00e9sagr\u00e9able.<\/p>\n<p>Au lieu du terme \u00ab esclave \u00bb, ZFS utilise d\u00e9sormais le mot \u00ab d\u00e9pendant \u00bb. Parmi les changements visibles, on note le renommage du script zpool.d\/slaves, qui s'appelle d\u00e9sormais \u00ab dm-deps \u00bb par analogie avec \u00ab dmsetup deps \u00bb. Au lieu de l'expression \u00ab appareils esclaves \u00bb, la documentation et les messages d'information utilisent la phrase \u00ab dispositifs d\u00e9pendants (underlying) \u00bb. Dans le fichier d'en-t\u00eate \u00ab freebsd\/spl\/sys\/dkio.h \u00bb, le param\u00e8tre dki_slave a simplement \u00e9t\u00e9 supprim\u00e9 de la structure dk_cinfo sans remplacement. La commande \u00ab zpool iostat -vc slaves \u00bb a \u00e9t\u00e9 remplac\u00e9e par \u00ab zpool iostat -vc size \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Les liens vers le r\u00e9pertoire \u00ab \/sys\/class\/block\/$dev\/slaves \u00bb sont conserv\u00e9s, car le nom de ce r\u00e9pertoire dans la hi\u00e9rarchie sysfs est d\u00e9termin\u00e9 par le noyau Linux et ne peut pas \u00eatre modifi\u00e9 par les d\u00e9veloppeurs d'OpenZFS. Il est possible de se passer de ce r\u00e9pertoire, car les m\u00eames informations peuvent \u00eatre obtenues via la commande \u00ab dmsetup deps \u00bb, mais l'ex\u00e9cution de dmsetup n\u00e9cessite des privil\u00e8ges \u00e9lev\u00e9s, tandis que le r\u00e9pertoire dans \/sys\/ est accessible en lecture par tous les utilisateurs.<\/p>\n<p>Rappelons qu'il y a une semaine, les termes whitelist\/blacklist et master\/slave <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53109\">ont \u00e9t\u00e9 abandonn\u00e9s<\/a><\/noindex> par les d\u00e9veloppeurs du langage Go, et auparavant, les projets ont renonc\u00e9 \u00e0 l'utilisation de master\/slave dans le code <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=49256\">Python<\/a><\/noindex>,  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.drupal.org\/node\/2286193\">Drupal<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/django\/django\/pull\/2694\">Django<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/issues.apache.org\/jira\/browse\/COUCHDB-2248\">CouchDB<\/a><\/noindex>,  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.saltstack.com\/en\/latest\/ref\/configuration\/minion.html\">Salt<\/a><\/noindex>,  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.wikimedia.org\/pipermail\/wikitech-l\/2016-September\/086450.html\">MediaWiki<\/a><\/noindex> et <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=49495\">Redis<\/a><\/noindex>. Dans le serveur DNS BIND, au lieu de \u00ab ma\u00eetre\/esclave \u00bb, les termes \u00ab primaire\/secondaire \u00bb sont d\u00e9sormais pr\u00e9f\u00e9rables. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ISCdotORG\/status\/942815837299253248\">microsoft\/azure-cli<\/a><\/noindex> Les termes \u00ab primaire\/secondaire \u00bb.<br \/>\nLe comit\u00e9 IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force), qui s'occupe du d\u00e9veloppement des protocoles et de l'architecture d'internet, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/id\/draft-knodel-terminology-00.html\">a propos\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> alternatives aux termes \u00ab whitelist\/blacklist \u00bb et \u00ab master\/slave \u00bb, recommand\u00e9es pour une utilisation dans les sp\u00e9cifications \u2014 au lieu de \u00ab master\/slave \u00bb, il est conseill\u00e9 d'utiliser \u00ab primary\/secondary \u00bb, \u00ab leader\/follower \u00bb,<br \/>\n    \u00ab active\/standby \u00bb,<br \/>\n    \u00ab primary\/replica \u00bb,<br \/>\n    \u00ab writer\/reader \u00bb,<br \/>\n    \u00ab coordinator\/worker \u00bb ou<br \/>\n    \u00abparent\/helper\u00bb, et au lieu de \u00abblacklist\/whitelist\u00bb \u2014 \u00abblocklist\/allowlist\u00bb ou \u00abblock\/permit\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Il convient de noter que sur GitHub, le nombre de ceux qui s'opposent au changement d\u00e9passe l\u00e9g\u00e8rement ceux qui le soutiennent : 42 d\u00e9veloppeurs ont approuv\u00e9 le changement, tandis que 48 se sont oppos\u00e9s. Les partisans de l'\u00e9limination du mot \u00ab esclave \u00bb estiment que l'utilisation de ce terme est inacceptable, car elle fait que certaines personnes se sentent discrimin\u00e9es et rappelle des souvenirs de discrimination pass\u00e9e. Dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, ce mot est devenu consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme offensant et suscite la d\u00e9sapprobation.<\/p>\n<p>Les opposants au changement de nom estiment qu'il ne faut pas m\u00e9langer politique et programmation, ces termes ayant d\u00e9j\u00e0 une signification \u00e9tablie dans le domaine informatique. La connotation n\u00e9gative est impos\u00e9e par des id\u00e9es artificielles sur la correction politique qui nuisent \u00e0 l'utilisation de la langue anglaise simple. Le mot \u00ab slave \u00bb est multiforme et a plusieurs significations qui d\u00e9pendent du contexte. Sans contenu, les mots n'ont pas de sens et un mot n'est offensant que si le contexte l'est. Le terme \u00ab slave \u00bb est utilis\u00e9 dans les syst\u00e8mes informatiques depuis environ 50 ans et est per\u00e7u dans le contexte IT comme \u00ab esclave \u00bb et non comme \u00ab esclave \u00bb. Si l'on permet une d\u00e9formation du contexte, on peut en arriver \u00e0 ce que n'importe quel mot peut \u00eatre extrait de son contexte, pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 de mani\u00e8re d\u00e9form\u00e9e et consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme offensant.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Source : <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53146\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041c\u044d\u0442\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0410\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0441 (Matthew Ahrens), \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b ZFS, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0451\u043b \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 OpenZFS (ZFS on Linux) \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 &#171;slave&#187;, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435. \u041f\u043e \u043c\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u041c\u044d\u0442\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d &#171;slave&#187; \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043e \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0435. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-85076","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041c\u044d\u0442\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0410\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0441 (Matthew Ahrens), \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b ZFS,\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link 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