{"id":99293,"date":"2021-02-28T10:22:45","date_gmt":"2021-02-28T08:22:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-yadro-linux-5-12-prinyata-podsistema-kfence-dlya-vyyavleniya-oshibok-pri-rabote-s-pamyatyu"},"modified":"2021-02-28T10:22:45","modified_gmt":"2021-02-28T08:22:45","slug":"v-yadro-linux-5-12-prinyata-podsistema-kfence-dlya-vyyavleniya-oshibok-pri-rabote-s-pamyatyu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/v-yadro-linux-5-12-prinyata-podsistema-kfence-dlya-vyyavleniya-oshibok-pri-rabote-s-pamyatyu","title":{"rendered":"La sous-syst\u00e8me KFence a \u00e9t\u00e9 int\u00e9gr\u00e9 au noyau Linux 5.12 pour d\u00e9tecter les erreurs de gestion de la m\u00e9moire.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Le noyau Linux 5.12 en cours de d\u00e9veloppement int\u00e8gre la mise en \u0153uvre du m\u00e9canisme KFence (Kernel Electric Fence), qui v\u00e9rifie la gestion de la m\u00e9moire en d\u00e9tectant les d\u00e9bordements de tampon, les acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la m\u00e9moire apr\u00e8s lib\u00e9ration et d'autres erreurs similaires.     <\/p>\n<p>Une fonctionnalit\u00e9 similaire \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 pr\u00e9sente dans le noyau sous la forme de l'option de construction KASAN (kernel address sanitizer, utilisant Address Sanitizer dans les compilateurs modernes gcc et clang) \u2014 cependant, elle \u00e9tait principalement destin\u00e9e \u00e0 des fins de d\u00e9bogage. Le sous-syst\u00e8me KFence se distingue de KASAN par sa rapidit\u00e9, ce qui permet d'utiliser cette capacit\u00e9 m\u00eame dans des noyaux sur des syst\u00e8mes de production.     <\/p>\n<p>L'utilisation dans les syst\u00e8mes de production permettra de d\u00e9tecter des erreurs de gestion de la m\u00e9moire qui ne se manifestent pas lors des tests, mais qui apparaissent uniquement sous de fortes charges de travail ou apr\u00e8s une longue p\u00e9riode d'ex\u00e9cution (avec un uptime \u00e9lev\u00e9). De plus, l'application de KFence dans les syst\u00e8mes de production permettra d'augmenter consid\u00e9rablement le nombre de machines impliqu\u00e9es dans la v\u00e9rification du fonctionnement du noyau avec la m\u00e9moire.    <\/p>\n<p>Des frais g\u00e9n\u00e9raux minimaux, ind\u00e9pendants de la charge, sont atteints dans KFence gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l'insertion de pages de protection (guard pages) dans la m\u00e9moire par intervalles fixes. Apr\u00e8s l'expiration du temps de l'intervalle de protection, KFence ajoute une nouvelle page de protection \u00e0 partir du pool d'objets KFence via le syst\u00e8me de distribution de m\u00e9moire standard (allocateur SLAB ou SLUB), et commence un nouveau compte \u00e0 rebours. Chaque objet KFence est plac\u00e9 dans une page m\u00e9moire distincte, et les pages m\u00e9moire aux extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s gauche et droite forment des pages de protection dont la taille est choisie de mani\u00e8re al\u00e9atoire.     <\/p>\n<p>Ainsi, les pages contenant des objets sont s\u00e9par\u00e9es les unes des autres par des pages de protection, qui sont configur\u00e9es pour g\u00e9n\u00e9rer un \u00ab page fault \u00bb lors de tout acc\u00e8s. Pour identifier les op\u00e9rations d'\u00e9criture en dehors des limites du tampon dans les pages contenant des objets, on utilise en outre des \u00ab zones rouges \u00bb bas\u00e9es sur des motifs, qui occupent de la m\u00e9moire non utilis\u00e9e par les objets, restant apr\u00e8s l'alignement des tailles des pages m\u00e9moire.      \u2014+\u2014\u2014+\u2014\u2014\u2014+\u2014\u2014\u2014+\u2014\u2014\u2014+\u2014\u2014\u2014+\u2014\u2014\u2014+\u2014\u2014\u2014+\u2014\u2014\u2014+\u2014\u2014\u2014+\u2014\u2014\u2014+\u2014\u2014\u2014+\u2014\u2014\u2014+\u2014\u2014\u2014+\u2014\u2014\u2014+\u2014    <\/p>\n<p>En cas de tentative d'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 une zone en dehors des limites du tampon, l'op\u00e9ration affecte la page de protection, ce qui entra\u00eene la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration d'un \u00ab page fault \u00bb, qui est intercept\u00e9 par KFence et enregistre les donn\u00e9es concernant le probl\u00e8me identifi\u00e9 dans le journal. Par d\u00e9faut, KFence ne bloque pas l'erreur et se contente d'afficher un avertissement dans le journal, mais une configuration \u00ab panic_on_warn \u00bb est pr\u00e9vue, permettant, en cas de d\u00e9tection d'une erreur, de faire passer le noyau en \u00e9tat de panique.<br \/>\n<br \/>Source : <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=54671\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.12 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 KFence (Kernel Electric Fence), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 KASAN (kernel address sanitizer, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 Address Sanitizer \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 gcc [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99293","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 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\/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47La sous-syst\u00e8me KFence est int\u00e9gr\u00e9 au noyau Linux 5.12 pour d\u00e9tecter les erreurs de gestion de la m\u00e9moire | ProHoster","description":"Le noyau Linux 5.12 en cours de d\u00e9veloppement int\u00e8gre une impl\u00e9mentation du m\u00e9canisme KFence (Kernel Electric Fence), qui v\u00e9rifie la gestion de la m\u00e9moire en d\u00e9tectant les d\u00e9passements de tampon et les acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la m\u00e9moire apr\u00e8s.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/fr\/blog\/news\/v-yadro-linux-5-12-prinyata-podsistema-kfence-dlya-vyyavleniya-oshibok-pri-rabote-s-pamyatyu","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"fr_FR","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c 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