Thòisich an sgeulachd o chionn fhada, air ais nuair a chaidh Centos 7 (RHEL 7) a leigeil ma sgaoil. Ma chleachd thu crioptachadh air draibhearan le Centos 6, cha robh duilgheadas sam bith ann le bhith a’ fuasgladh dhràibhean gu fèin-ghluasadach nuair a cheangail thu draibhear USB flash leis na h-iuchraichean riatanach. Ach, nuair a chaidh 7 a leigeil ma sgaoil, gu h-obann cha do dh’ obraich a h-uile càil mar a bha thu cleachdte ris. An uairsin bha e comasach fuasgladh a lorg ann a bhith a’ tilleadh dracut gu sysvinit a’ cleachdadh loidhne shìmplidh san config: mac-talla 'omit_dracutmodules+=" systemd"> /etc/dracut.conf.d/luks-workaround.conf
A thug air falbh sinn sa bhad bho bhòidhchead systemd - cur air bhog luath agus co-shìnte de sheirbheisean siostaim, a lughdaich ùine tòiseachaidh siostam gu mòr.
Tha cùisean fhathast ann:
Gun a bhith a 'feitheamh ri fuasgladh, rinn mi e dhomh fhìn, agus a-nis tha mi ga roinn leis a' phoball, aig a bheil ùidh, leugh air adhart.
Ro-ràdh
Cha do dh’ adhbhraich Systemd, nuair a thòisich mi ag obair le Centos 7 an toiseach, faireachdainnean sam bith, oir a bharrachd air atharrachadh beag ann an co-chòrdadh riaghlaidh seirbheis, cha robh mi a’ faireachdainn mòran eadar-dhealachaidh an toiseach. Às deidh sin, bu toil leam systemd, ach bha a’ chiad bheachd beagan air a mhilleadh, leis nach do chaith an luchd-leasachaidh dracut mòran ùine a ’toirt taic don phròiseas bròg a’ cleachdadh systemd an co-bhonn ri crioptachadh diosc. San fharsaingeachd, dh ’obraich e, ach chan e a bhith a’ dol a-steach don fhacal-fhaire diosc a h-uile uair a thòisicheas am frithealaiche an rud as inntinniche.
Às deidh dhomh dòrlach de mholaidhean fheuchainn agus an leabhar-làimhe a sgrùdadh, thuig mi gu bheil e comasach ann am modh siostamdaichte le USB a rèiteachadh, ach dìreach le ceangal làimhe de gach diosc le iuchair air diosc USB, agus chan urrainnear an diosc USB fhèin a cheangal ach le a UUID, cha do dh'obraich LABEL. Cha robh e gu math goireasach seo a chumail aig an taigh, agus mar sin aig a ’cheann thall chaidh mi a-steach a bhith a’ feitheamh agus, às deidh dhomh feitheamh faisg air 7 bliadhna, thuig mi nach robh duine a ’dol a dh’ fhuasgladh na duilgheadas.
Duilgheadasan
Gu dearbh, faodaidh cha mhòr a h-uile duine am plugan aca fhèin a sgrìobhadh airson dracut, ach chan eil e cho furasta a bhith ag obair. Thionndaidh e a-mach, air sgàth nàdar co-shìnte tòiseachaidh systemd, nach eil e cho furasta do chòd a thoirt a-steach agus an adhartas luchdachadh atharrachadh. Cha do mhìnich na sgrìobhainnean airson dracut a h-uile dad. Ach, às deidh deuchainnean fada, bha e comasach dhomh an duilgheadas fhuasgladh.
Mar a tha e ag obair
Tha e stèidhichte air trì aonadan:
- luks-auto-key.service - a' lorg dhràibhearan le iuchraichean airson LUKS
- luks-auto.target - ag obair mar eisimeileachd airson aonadan systemd-cryptsetup togte
- luks-auto-clean.service - a’ glanadh fhaidhlichean sealach a chruthaich luks-auto-key.service
Agus tha luks-auto-generator.sh na sgriobt a thèid a chuir air bhog le systemd agus a ghineadh aonadan stèidhichte air paramadairean kernel. Tha gineadairean coltach ris air an cruthachadh le aonadan fstab, msaa.
luks-auto-generator.sh
A’ cleachdadh drop-in.conf, tha giùlan systemd-cryptsetup àbhaisteach air atharrachadh le bhith a’ cur luks-auto.target ris an eisimeileachd aca.
luks-auto-key.service agus luks-auto-key.sh
Bidh an t-aonad seo a’ ruith an sgriobt luks-auto-key.sh, a bhios, stèidhichte air na h-iuchraichean rd.luks.*, a’ lorg meadhanan leis na h-iuchraichean agus gan lethbhreacadh gu eòlaire sealach airson tuilleadh feum. Às deidh don phròiseas a bhith deiseil, thèid na h-iuchraichean a sguabadh às an eòlaire sealach le luks-auto-clean.service.
Stòran:
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/module-setup.sh
#!/bin/bash
check () {
if ! dracut_module_included "systemd"; then
"luks-auto needs systemd in the initramfs"
return 1
fi
return 255
}
depends () {
echo "systemd"
return 0
}
install () {
inst "$systemdutildir/systemd-cryptsetup"
inst_script "$moddir/luks-auto-generator.sh" "$systemdutildir/system-generators/luks-auto-generator.sh"
inst_script "$moddir/luks-auto-key.sh" "/etc/systemd/system/luks-auto-key.sh"
inst_script "$moddir/luks-auto.sh" "/etc/systemd/system/luks-auto.sh"
inst "$moddir/luks-auto.target" "${systemdsystemunitdir}/luks-auto.target"
inst "$moddir/luks-auto-key.service" "${systemdsystemunitdir}/luks-auto-key.service"
inst "$moddir/luks-auto-clean.service" "${systemdsystemunitdir}/luks-auto-clean.service"
ln_r "${systemdsystemunitdir}/luks-auto.target" "${systemdsystemunitdir}/initrd.target.wants/luks-auto.target"
ln_r "${systemdsystemunitdir}/luks-auto-key.service" "${systemdsystemunitdir}/initrd.target.wants/luks-auto-key.service"
ln_r "${systemdsystemunitdir}/luks-auto-clean.service" "${systemdsystemunitdir}/initrd.target.wants/luks-auto-clean.service"
}
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/luks-auto-generator.sh
#!/bin/sh
# -*- mode: shell-script; indent-tabs-mode: nil; sh-basic-offset: 4; -*-
# ex: ts=8 sw=4 sts=4 et filetype=sh
. /lib/dracut-lib.sh
SYSTEMD_RUN='/run/systemd/system'
CRYPTSETUP='/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-cryptsetup'
TOUT=$(getargs rd.luks.key.tout)
if [ ! -z "$TOUT" ]; then
mkdir -p "${SYSTEMD_RUN}/luks-auto-key.service.d"
cat > "${SYSTEMD_RUN}/luks-auto-key.service.d/drop-in.conf" <<EOF
[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/sleep $TOUT
EOF
fi
mkdir -p "$SYSTEMD_RUN/luks-auto.target.wants"
for argv in $(getargs rd.luks.uuid -d rd_LUKS_UUID); do
_UUID=${argv#luks-}
_UUID_ESC=$(systemd-escape -p $_UUID)
mkdir -p "${SYSTEMD_RUN}/systemd-cryptsetup@luksx2d${_UUID_ESC}.service.d"
cat > "${SYSTEMD_RUN}/systemd-cryptsetup@luksx2d${_UUID_ESC}.service.d/drop-in.conf" <<EOF
[Unit]
After=luks-auto.target
ConditionPathExists=!/dev/mapper/luks-${_UUID}
EOF
cat > "${SYSTEMD_RUN}/luks-auto@${_UUID_ESC}.service" <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=luks-auto Cryptography Setup for %I
DefaultDependencies=no
Conflicts=umount.target
IgnoreOnIsolate=true
Before=luks-auto.target
BindsTo=dev-disk-byx2duuid-${_UUID_ESC}.device
After=dev-disk-byx2duuid-${_UUID_ESC}.device luks-auto-key.service
Before=umount.target
[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
TimeoutSec=0
ExecStart=/etc/systemd/system/luks-auto.sh ${_UUID}
ExecStop=$CRYPTSETUP detach 'luks-${_UUID}'
Environment=DRACUT_SYSTEMD=1
StandardInput=null
StandardOutput=syslog
StandardError=syslog+console
EOF
ln -fs ${SYSTEMD_RUN}/luks-auto@${_UUID_ESC}.service $SYSTEMD_RUN/luks-auto.target.wants/luks-auto@${_UUID_ESC}.service
done
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/luks-auto-key.service
[Unit]
Description=LUKS AUTO key searcher
After=cryptsetup-pre.target
Before=luks-auto.target
DefaultDependencies=no
[Service]
Environment=DRACUT_SYSTEMD=1
Type=oneshot
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/sleep 1
ExecStart=/etc/systemd/system/luks-auto-key.sh
RemainAfterExit=true
StandardInput=null
StandardOutput=syslog
StandardError=syslog+console
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/luks-auto-key.sh
#!/bin/sh
# -*- mode: shell-script; indent-tabs-mode: nil; sh-basic-offset: 4; -*-
# ex: ts=8 sw=4 sts=4 et filetype=sh
export DRACUT_SYSTEMD=1
. /lib/dracut-lib.sh
MNT_B="/tmp/luks-auto"
ARG=$(getargs rd.luks.key)
IFS=$':' _t=(${ARG})
KEY=${_t[0]}
F_FIELD=''
F_VALUE=''
if [ ! -z $KEY ] && [ ! -z ${_t[1]} ];then
IFS=$'=' _t=(${_t[1]})
F_FIELD=${_t[0]}
F_VALUE=${_t[1]}
F_VALUE="${F_VALUE%"}"
F_VALUE="${F_VALUE#"}"
fi
mkdir -p $MNT_B
finding_luks_keys(){
local _DEVNAME=''
local _UUID=''
local _TYPE=''
local _LABEL=''
local _MNT=''
local _KEY="$1"
local _F_FIELD="$2"
local _F_VALUE="$3"
local _RET=0
blkid -s TYPE -s UUID -s LABEL -u filesystem | grep -v -E -e "TYPE=".*_member"" -e "TYPE="crypto_.*"" -e "TYPE="swap"" | while IFS=$'' read -r _line; do
IFS=$':' _t=($_line);
_DEVNAME=${_t[0]}
_UUID=''
_TYPE=''
_LABEL=''
_MNT=''
IFS=$' ' _t=(${_t[1]});
for _a in "${_t[@]}"; do
IFS=$'=' _v=(${_a});
temp="${_v[1]%"}"
temp="${temp#"}"
case ${_v[0]} in
'UUID')
_UUID=$temp
;;
'TYPE')
_TYPE=$temp
;;
'LABEL')
_LABEL=$temp
;;
esac
done
if [ ! -z "$_F_FIELD" ];then
case $_F_FIELD in
'UUID')
[ ! -z "$_F_VALUE" ] && [ "$_UUID" != "$_F_VALUE" ] && continue
;;
'LABEL')
[ ! -z "$_F_VALUE" ] && [ "$_LABEL" != "$_F_VALUE" ] && continue
;;
*)
[ "$_DEVNAME" != "$_F_FIELD" ] && continue
;;
esac
fi
_MNT=$(findmnt -n -o TARGET $_DEVNAME)
if [ -z "$_MNT" ]; then
_MNT=${MNT_B}/KEY-${_UUID}
mkdir -p "$_MNT" && mount -o ro "$_DEVNAME" "$_MNT"
_RET=$?
else
_RET=0
fi
if [ "${_RET}" -eq 0 ] && [ -f "${_MNT}/${_KEY}" ]; then
cp "${_MNT}/${_KEY}" "$MNT_B/${_UUID}.key"
info "Found ${_MNT}/${_KEY} on ${_UUID}"
fi
if [[ "${_MNT}" =~ "${MNT_B}" ]]; then
umount "$_MNT" && rm -rfd --one-file-system "$_MNT"
fi
done
return 0
}
finding_luks_keys $KEY $F_FIELD $F_VALUE
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/luks-auto.target
[Unit]
Description=LUKS AUTO target
After=systemd-readahead-collect.service systemd-readahead-replay.service
After=cryptsetup-pre.target luks-auto-key.service
Before=cryptsetup.target
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/luks-auto.sh
#!/bin/sh
# -*- mode: shell-script; indent-tabs-mode: nil; sh-basic-offset: 4; -*-
# ex: ts=8 sw=4 sts=4 et filetype=sh
export DRACUT_SYSTEMD=1
. /lib/dracut-lib.sh
MNT_B="/tmp/luks-auto"
CRYPTSETUP='/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-cryptsetup'
for i in $(ls -p $MNT_B | grep -v /);do
info "Trying $i on $1..."
$CRYPTSETUP attach "luks-$1" "/dev/disk/by-uuid/$1" $MNT_B/$i 'tries=1'
if [ "$?" -eq "0" ]; then
info "Found $i for $1"
exit 0
fi
done
warn "No key found for $1. Fallback to passphrase mode."
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/luks-auto-clean.service
[Unit]
Description=LUKS AUTO key cleaner
After=cryptsetup.target
DefaultDependencies=no
[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/usr/bin/rm -rfd --one-file-system /tmp/luks-auto
/etc/dracut.conf.d/luks-auto.conf
add_dracutmodules+=" luks-auto "suidheachadh
mkdir -p /usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/
# размещаем тут почти все файлы
chmod +x /usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/*.sh
# создаем файл /etc/dracut.conf.d/luks-auto.conf
# И генерируем новый initramfs
dracut -f
co-dhùnadh
Airson goireasachd, tha mi air co-chòrdalachd a chumail le roghainnean loidhne-àithne kernel mar a tha airson modh sysvinit, a tha ga dhèanamh nas fhasa a chleachdadh ann an ionadan nas sine.
Source: www.habr.com